新华社记者：房地产一直是社会持续关注的问题，今年两会上也有代表委员提了很多建议和意见。请问总理，政府在这方面有什么新的思路和举措？
Xinhua
News Agency: The housing issue has always been a hot
topic among the Chinese society. During this year’s two sessions, many deputies
and members put forward their suggestions and views on this topic. I would like
to ask what will be the new ideas and measures of the government on this issue?
李克强：房地产问题是个大问题，直接关系到居民住房。让人民群众住有所居，这是政府的奋斗目标。我们需要根据不同人群的需求、不同城市的情况，分类施策，分城施策。
Li
Keqiang: The real estate issue is a big issue, as
it directly concerns home of the people. The goal of the government is to
ensure adequate housing for the people. We need to take differential measures
in response to diverse needs and in light of different situations in different
cities.
政府还是要用更多的精力、更大的力度来解决好群众的基本住房问题。现在我们国家城镇集中连片的棚户区还居住着上亿人，可以说不具备基本的生存条件。几百个人一个旱厕，特别是北方，到了冬天有些居民入睡要戴着棉帽、穿着棉衣，这是政府心头之痛。所以今年我们要继续加大棚户区改造力度，至少要再改造470万套以上。我们还要推进公租房等保障房建设，并且实行公平分配，让新就业的年轻人和长期进城务工人员缓解住房困难。在这方面，我认为干一寸胜过说一尺。
I
believe the government needs to focus on and do more to meet the people’s basic
housing needs. Now, up to 100 million people still live in those contiguous
poor urban rundown areas, and these people lack their basic living conditions.
For example, several hundred people have to share one toilet, and in places in
Northern China, people have to wear cotton-padded coats and hats when they go
to sleep on a winter night. This is deeply distressing for the government. We
will rebuild more rundown areas this year, and the goal is to rebuild at least
over 4.7 million rundown houses. At the same time, we will also build more
government-subsidized housing, such as public rental housing to ease the
housing difficulty of those young people who have just entered workforce and
rural migrant workers, and ensure that these housing units will be distributed
equitably. In this regard, even a small action is a lot more important than a
thousand words.
对于合理的自住需求，也要有相应的政策支持，包括增加普通商品房供应。对房地产市场则要因城因地分类进行调控，抑制投机投资性需求，重在建立长效机制，促进房地产市场平稳健康发展。
There
will be policy support for reasonable housing needs for self-living. The
government will increase the supply of ordinary commercial housing. We will
take a differential approach in regulating the housing market for different
places. We will curb the housing needs for speculation and investment purposes,
and establish a long-term mechanism to promote steady and sound growth of the
housing market.
中央人民广播电台记者：现在老百姓对雾霾的抱怨越来越多。我们也注意到，您在政府工作报告中对污染用了“宣战”这个词。请问总理，“宣战”到底意味着什么？
China
National Radio: There has been growing public complaint
about smog. In your government work report, you said the government will
declare war against pollution. I wish to ask you what do you mean by that?
李克强：我说要向雾霾等污染宣战，因为这是社会关注的焦点问题。许多人早晨一起来，就打开手机查看PM2.5的数值，这已经成为重大的民生问题。
Li
Keqiang: I said the government will declare war
against smog and pollution as a whole, because this has become a serious issue
on the top of the minds of our people. For many people, the first thing they do
after getting up in the morning is to check the PM2.5 figure for the day. This
has become a major issue that concerns our people’s lives.
我们说要向雾霾等污染宣战，不是说向老天爷宣战，而是要向我们自身粗放的发展方式和生活方式宣战。去年国务院出台了治理大气污染的十条措施，在161个城市进行PM2.5数值的监测，这在发展中国家是最多的。这不仅是要让人民群众提高自身防护意识，更是给政府增加责任。今年我们主动加压，加大降耗力度，确定能源消耗强度要下降3.9%，而去年实际下降3.7%，这意味着要减少2.2亿吨煤炭消耗。
To
declare war against smog and other pollution doesn’t mean that we are declaring
war against Nature. Rather, what we mean is that we are going to declare war
against our own inefficient and unsustainable model of growth and way of life.
Last year, the State Council issued a ten-point plan of action on the
prevention and control of air pollution. We now conduct PM2.5 monitoring in 161
cities across the country, which is the most extensive scope among all
developing countries. This is not just a reminder for our people to take
precautionary measures, but also placing additional responsibility on the
shoulder of the government. This year we will take further measures. For
example, we have set the target of cutting energy intensity by 3.9% on top of
the 3.7% reduction we achieved last year. This is equivalent to cutting coal
burning by 220 million tons.
向包括雾霾在内的污染宣战，就要“铁腕”治污加“铁规”治污，对那些违法偷排、伤天害人的行为，政府绝不手软，要坚决予以惩处。对那些熟视无睹、监管不到位的监管者要严肃追查责任。
In
fighting pollution, we need both tough measures and tough regulations. The
government will severely punish those illegal emitting activities which harm
both nature and human health. And those overseeing agencies which turn a blind
eye to polluting activities and fail to perform their overseeing duties will be
held accountable.
当然，雾霾的形成有复杂原因，治理也是一个长期过程。但是我们不能等风盼雨，还是要主动出击，希望全社会，政府、企业、社会成员，大家一起努力，持续不懈地奋斗，来打这场攻坚战。
There
are complex causes for smog and to tackle this problem will take a long time.
But we cannot sit here and wait for wind or rain to drive smog away. We have to
take action ourselves. I hope that the government, the businesses and each and
every individual of the society will act together and make persistent efforts
to win this tough battle against smog.
快到吃饭时间了，但是主持人希望再问两个问题，大家愿意吗？那好吧，我服从公众。
It’s
almost time for lunch, but the moderator hopes that I take two more questions.
Would you like that? Fine, I’m happy to oblige.
荷兰国际新闻电视台记者：去年您访问多个欧洲国家，亲自介入解决中欧光伏产品贸易纠纷，访问期间，您还推介中国的核电以及高铁装备。请问您希望如何解决中国企业进入欧洲市场存在的障碍？中国政府将采取什么措施来解决欧方对欧洲公司进入中国市场的关切？
RTL
4: Premier Li, you went to Europe last year to solve
the solar panel dispute and also to promote Chinese nuclear power equipments
and Chinese high-speed rail. I’d like to know your thoughts on what kind of
obstacles you think should be removed for Chinese companies who want to do
business in Europe. And in return, how will you address the European concerns
about market access to China?
李克强：推介中国产品，维护中国企业在海外的正当权益，这是作为中国总理份内的事。我去年访问中东欧的时候，曾经跟多国领导人说，如果你要建高铁、核电，在同等质量下，用中国的装备可能是建设最快、成本最低的，我有这个底气。
Li
Keqiang: To promote Chinese products and
safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of Chinese companies overseas is
part of my job as Chinese Premier. During my visit to central and eastern
Europe last year, I once said to leaders of these countries that of all the
high-speed railways and nuclear power plants of the same quality, the Chinese
companies can deliver in the fastest way and at the lowest cost. I have such
confidence.
中国经济要升级，出口产品也要升级，我们不能总是卖鞋袜、衣帽、玩具，当然这也需要，但中国装备走出去可以在世界市场上接受竞争的检验，提质升级。这样做也有利于各方，因为我们装备的很多零部件从全球采购，一些技术也是购买来的，中欧与相关方面，就装备走出去进行合作可以实现互利共赢。
In
upgrading the Chinese economy, we also need to upgrade Chinese exports. We
cannot just export toys, apparel or shoes, although they are also necessary. We
also need to export Chinese equipment to help Chinese equipment raise its
competitiveness as they are tested on the international market. This is also a
win-win situation, as among exports of Chinese equipment, many components and
parts are sourced globally and some technologies are introduced from overseas.
So this brings benefits to all.
不过我还想通过各位向中国企业转达一句话：你们可是要尽力啊！我们对中国装备质量做了承诺，可不要让这个承诺落空啊。请中外记者给予监督。至于你说到去年的光伏案，中欧作为最大的贸易伙伴，贸易规模很大，摩擦难免，只要我们相互尊重，妥善协商，是可以解决问题的。光伏案的解决可以说是一个成功的案例。我可不希望因为个案，而且占双方贸易总额比例很小，来丢掉“最大贸易伙伴”的帽子。
Here
through you, I wish to convey a message to the Chinese companies. That is: you
need to do your best. We have given our word for the quality of Chinese
equipment. I hope you will not prove us wrong, and the Chinese and foreign
journalists can supervise. You mentioned the trade dispute over photovoltaic
products last year. China and the EU are each other’s largest trading partners.
It is only natural that there will be some trade frictions between them given
the large size of their trade. But as long as the two sides respect each other
and engage in proper consultations, problems can be solved. And settlement of
last year’s photovoltaic products case is a success story. I don’t want to see
that one loses the status of “biggest trading partner” because of those
individual cases which account for only a very small percentage of the two-way
trade.
说到中欧关系，我还要说，中欧都主张世界多极化，也主张投资便利化。中欧企业相互进入、相互投资，这是大趋势。我们正在进行中欧投资协定谈判，相信只要我们本着对等、公平、便利的原则推进，为企业创造条件，中欧相互投资额会不断攀升，经济融合度也会不断加深。
Talking
about China-EU relations, I want to say that both China and the EU are strong
advocates of a multi-polar world and investment facilitation. I believe it is
an irresistible trend for Chinese and European companies to enter into each
other’s markets and make mutual investment. The two sides are now negotiating
an investment treaty. I believe that as long as the two sides conduct the
negotiation in a fair, reciprocal and facilitating way and create conditions
for companies of both sides, there will be even greater mutual investment and
deeper economic integration between China and Europe.
中国国际广播电台记者：最近网上民调显示，社会保障是网民关注的热点之一。去年您就提出打造民生保障安全网。请问总理，在这方面有哪些进展和新的打算？
China
Radio International: A recent opinion poll shows that
social security is one of the hot topics among Chinese netizens. Last year, you
said that China will build a social safety net to improve people’s livelihood.
How has this been progressing and is there any new plan in this regard?
李克强：社会关注的热点问题尤其是民生问题，是政府工作的重点。今年要着重继续做三件事，就是保基本、兜底线、促公平。
Li
Keqiang: Topics of high concern to the people, in
particular those related to people’s livelihood, represent priorities on the
government work agenda. This year, we have three major tasks. Namely, we need
to meet people’s basic living needs. We need to provide a last resort for
people to fall back on in case of special difficulty. And we need to promote
social fairness.
第一是保基本。也就是说要在义务教育、基本医疗、基本养老、基本住房等诸多方面来构建一个完整的社会保障安全网。我们现在基本医保已经总体覆盖全民了，基本养老的参与人数也超过8亿人。但是群众还有反映，比如接续难、转移难这些问题。我们要继续巩固和扩大这些基本的社会保障。今年适当时候要提高基本养老金标准，而且要解决或者说逐步解决碎片化的问题，整合城乡医保，推进养老保险并轨，构建统筹城乡的社会保障网。
First,
we need to ensure people’s basic living needs. We will build a comprehensive
social safety net covering, among others, compulsory education, medical care,
old-age support and housing. Our basic medical insurance schemes have achieved
full coverage. Now basic old-age insurance schemes cover more than 800 million
people. We need to make them truly portable and transferable, and further
expand their coverage. We will raise the basic pension benefits at an
appropriate time this year, and tackle the problem of fragmentation in due
course. That is to say, we need to further integrate old-age and medical
insurance schemes in urban and rural areas to put in place an integrated social
safety net for the entire population.
第二是兜底线。因为国力所限，我们基本保障的标准还是低水平的，总会有一部分人因病、因灾等特殊情况而陷入生活的窘境，基本保障兜不住，还要进行社会救助。我们绝不能让无家可归、因贫弃医等现象频发。将心比心啊，政府工作人员应该以百姓之心为心。所以前不久我们出台了新的社会救助管理办法，就是要让这些特殊困难群众求助有门。
Second,
we need to provide a last resort for people to fall back on in time of special
difficulty. As China is still a developing country, our basic welfare benefits
are still quite low. But there are these people in the society who run into
special difficulty because of serious illnesses or sudden disasters. In such
circumstances, basic welfare benefits are no longer enough. They are in need of
social assistance. The government must prevent frequent occurrence of such
instances in which people become homeless or have to give up seeking medical
treatment because they cannot afford it. Just imagine what if such situation
happens to ourselves. All government employees must always put such special
needs of the people on top of their mind. Therefore, not long ago, we
introduced new methods on providing social aid to ensure that people who run
into special difficulty will have somewhere to turn to.
第三是促公平。我们保基本、兜底线，是为了解除人民群众就业、创业的后顾之忧，同时还要采取措施，尤其在一些领域要有更有效的办法，让就业、求职机会公平，让创业有公平竞争的环境，特别要注重起点公平、教育公平。我们要继续增加农村贫困地区学生上重点高校的人数，今年要增加10%以上，并且要加大农村贫困地区薄弱学校改造的力度。
Third,
we need to promote social fairness. The above-mentioned two major tasks are
designed to ensure that our people won’t have any worries in seeking employment
and starting one’s own business. The government needs to take more effective
steps to ensure equal opportunities in finding jobs and level the playing field
for people to start their own businesses. The government needs to pay
particular attention to ensuring fairness at the starting point, namely,
fairness in education. This year we will raise the proportion of rural students
from poor areas enrolled in key colleges and universities by over 10%. We will
also further improve those poorly-built and low-performing schools in poor
rural areas.
政府就是应该创造条件，让每个人都能通过自己的奋斗有公平发展的机会，我们要把公正贯彻到社会最基层。
In a
word, the government needs to create conditions to ensure that each and every
individual will have an equal shot at a better life through hard work and that
fairness and justice are truly realized even at the most primary level of the
society. Thank you.
主持人说到吃午饭的时间了。中国人说民以食为天。所谓民是众的意思，你们加起来远远超过我一个人，还是要让大家不能挨饿。谢谢你们参与关注今天的记者会，也谢谢一些记者的提问，谢谢大家。
The
moderator indicates to me that it’s already lunch time. The Chinese people see
food as an overriding priority. With so many people at the press conference, I
hate to stand between you and your lunch. Thank you for coming to today’s press
conference, and thank you for your questions. Thank you all.
记者会结束后，李克强总理站起来将要离开现场时，又回答了两位记者的追问。在回答记者关于中央是否还会有惠港政策的问题时，李克强说，凡是有利于香港繁荣发展的事，我们都会去做，过去是这样，今后还会是这样。
After
the press conference, as he stood up to leave, Premier Li Keqiang answered
questions from two more journalists. When asked whether the central government
will introduce more favorable policies for Hong Kong, Premier Li Keqiang said,
we will do anything that contributes to the prosperity of Hong Kong. We did so
in the past and will continue to do in the future.
这次会见在人民大会堂三楼金色大厅举行，历时1小时50分。参加采访的中外记者约800名。
The press conference which lasted for 1 hour and 50 minutes was held at the Golden Hall on the third floor of the Great Hall of the People and was attended by about 800 journalists from home and abroad. |
