英语口译、笔译资料下载 2013年我国外贸进出口情况 Review
of China’s Foreign Trade in 2013
中华人民共和国海关总署 General Administration of Customs
of the People’s Republic of China
2014年1月10日 January 10, 2014
2013年，在党的十八大精神指导下，我国外贸企业面对复杂多变的国内外环境，灵活应对，积极开拓，使得我国对外贸易呈现稳中有进、稳中向好的局面，外贸发展质量和效益方面也取得了良好进展。
Following the guiding principles
of the Eighteenth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, the
foreign trade enterprises in China adapted themselves to the complex and
changing international and domestic environment and actively exploited the possibilities
in 2013. As a result, China’s foreign trade showed a stabilized and accelerated
development with improved quality and efficiency.
据海关统计，2013年，我国进出口总值25.83万亿元人民币（折合4.16万亿美元），扣除汇率因素同比（下同）增长7.6%，比2012年提高1.4个百分点，年度进出口总值首次突破4万亿美元。其中出口13.72万亿元人民币（折合2.21万亿美元），增长7.9%；进口12.11万亿元人民币（折合1.95万亿美元），增长7.3%；贸易顺差1.61万亿元人民币（折合2597.5亿美元），扩大12.8%。
According to China Customs
statistics, China’s foreign trade volume has made a new record of exceeding
US$4 trillion and reaching 25.83 trillion yuan (US$4.16 trillion) in 2013, an
increase of 7.6 percent year-on-year after the exchange rate
adjustment(similarly hereinafter), which is 1.4 percentage points higher
compared with a year earlier. Exports rose by 7.9 percent to 13.72 trillion
yuan (US$2.21 trillion). Imports amounted to 12.11 trillion yuan (US$1.95
trillion), an increase of 7.3 percent. Hence China’s trade surplus arrived at
1.61 trillion yuan (US$259.75 billion), up by 12.8 percent.
其中12月份，我国进出口总值再创历史新高。当月进出口2.39万亿元人民币（折合3898.4亿美元），增长6.2%。其中出口1.27万亿元人民币（折合2077.4亿美元），增长4.3%；进口1.12万亿元人民币（折合1821亿美元），增长8.3%；贸易顺差1572.7亿元人民币（折合256.4亿美元），缩减17.4%。
In December, China’s foreign
trade hit a record high by reaching 2.39 trillion yuan (US$389.84 billion), up
by 6.2 percent. Exports grew 4.3 percent to 1.27 trillion yuan (US$ 207.74
billion) and imports jumped 8.3 percent to 1.12 trillion yuan (US$182.1
billion). The trade surplus therefore shrank by 17.4 percent to 157.27 billion
(US$25.64 billion).
2013年，我国货物贸易进出口规模逐季环比增加，进出口同比增速在二季度探底，下半年呈现反弹态势。1-4季度，我国进出口值分别为9753.8亿、1.02万亿、1.06万亿和1.1万亿美元，同比增速分别为13.5%、4.3%、6%和7.3%。
The scale of imports and exports
was expanding on a quarter-on-quarter basis in 2013. The growth rate in imports
and exports touched the bottom in the second quarter before it rebounded.
Imports and exports in four quarters of 2013 were US$975.38 billion, US$1.02
trillion, US$1.06 trillion and US$1.1 trillion, increasing by 13.5 percent, 4.3
percent, 6 percent and 7.3 percent respectively.
2013年，我国外贸进出口的主要情况是：
The major features of China’s
foreign trade in 2013 are as follows:
一、贸易伙伴更趋多元：欧美日传统市场份额下滑，东盟等新兴市场成新增长点。2013年，欧盟、美国、东盟、香港和日本为我前五大贸易伙伴。其中，我对欧盟、美国的双边贸易额分别为5590.6亿、5210亿美元，分别增长2.1%、7.5%；对日本的双边贸易额为3125.5亿美元，下降5.1%；欧美日占我外贸的33.5%，同比下滑1.7个百分点。同期，我国对东盟、南非、中亚五国等新兴市场国家双边贸易额分别为4436.1亿、651.5亿、502.8亿美元，分别增长10.9%、8.6%、9.4%。此外，内地对香港的双边贸易额为4010.1亿美元，增长17.5%。
1. The makeup of China’s trade
partners was more diversified: the percentage of trade with China’s traditional
partners including the EU, the US and Japan declined whereas marked growth was
spotted in trade with emerging markets such as the ASEAN. EU, US, ASEAN, Hong
Kong SAR and Japan were the top five trade partners of China in 2013. China-EU
bilateral trade rose by 2.1 percent to US$559.06 billion. China-US bilateral
trade reached US$521 billion, up by 7.5 percent. Bilateral trade between China
and Japan dropped 5.1 percent to US$312.55 billion. Altogether, trade with EU,
US and Japan accounted for 33.5 percent of China’s foreign trade in total, 1.7
percentage points lower compared with the previous year. Meanwhile, China’s
trade with ASEAN, South Africa and five countries of Central Asia reached
US$443.61 billion, US$65.15 billion and US$50.28 billion, up by 10.9 percent,
8.6 percent and 9.4 percent respectively. The trade with Hong Kong SAR surged
17.5 percent to US$401.01 billion.
二、贸易区域布局更趋协调：广东、江苏等7个省市对外贸易比重下降，中西部地区贸易活跃。2013年，广东、江苏、上海、北京、浙江、山东和福建等7个省市合计进出口值达3.29万亿美元，占全国进出口总值的79%，比上年回落0.9个百分点。而中西部地区的重庆、河南、安徽、云南、陕西、甘肃、贵州等7个省市外贸增速都在15%以上，合计进出口占进出口总值的5.7%，比上年提升了0.6个百分点。
2. The development in foreign
trade was more balanced across different regions of China: foreign trade in
seven provinces and municipalities including Guangdong and Jiangsu occupied a
smaller part in total national imports and exports whereas imports and exports
in mid-western region picked up momentum. In 2013, foreign trade in seven
provinces and municipalities including Guangdong, Jiangsu, Shanghai, Beijing,
Zhejiang, Shandong and Fujian totaled US$3.29 trillion, accounting for 79
percent of China’s imports and exports in total, 0.9 percentage points lower
than the previous year. On the other hand, seven provinces and municipalities
including Chongqing, Henan, Anhui, Yunnan, Shaanxi, Gansu and Guizhou each
enjoyed a foreign trade growth rate exceeding 15 percent, with their total
imports and exports accounting for 5.7 percent of the national figure, 0.6
percentage points higher than a year earlier.
三、外贸主体结构更趋合理：民营企业所占比重提升，对外资企业依赖减轻。2013年，民营企业进出口1.39万亿美元，增长20.6%，快于同期我国外贸总体增速13个百分点，占进出口总值的比重为33.3%，提升3.6个百分点。同期，外商投资企业进出口1.92万亿美元，增长1.3%，占46.1%，下滑2.9个百分点。此外，国有企业进出口7479.7亿美元，下降0.6%，占18%，下滑1.5个百分点。
3. The structure of foreign trade
entities has been improved: private enterprises took up a higher percentage
whereas dependence on foreign-invested enterprises was alleviated. In 2013, the
imports and exports of private enterprises grew by 20.6 percent to US$1.39
trillion, accounting for 33.3 percent of the total national figure, 3.6
percentage points higher compared with the previous year. Their growth rate was
13 percentage points higher than that of China’s overall foreign trade.
Meanwhile, imports and exports of foreign-invested enterprises increased 1.3 percent
to US$1.92 trillion, representing 46.1 percent of China’s foreign trade, 2.9
percentage points lower compared with a year earlier. Moreover, foreign trade
of state-owned enterprises reduced by 0.6 percent to US$747.97 billion,
occupying 18 percent of total national imports and exports, 1.5 percentage
points lower compared with the previous year.
四、进出口商品结构进一步优化：机电产品以及劳动密集型产品出口稳步增长，消费品、部分资源产品等进口增长较快。2013年，我国机电产品出口1.27万亿美元，同比增长7.3%，占出口总值的比重为57.3%。同期，纺织品、服装、箱包、鞋类、玩具、家具、塑料制品等7大类劳动密集型产品出口4618.4亿美元，增长10.3%，占出口总值的比重为20.9%。同期，进口消费品2322.9亿美元，增长24.6%；原油2.8亿吨，增长4%；铁矿石8.2亿吨，增长10.2%；煤炭3.3亿吨，增长13.4%。
4. Composition of imported and
exported goods was optimized: China’s export of electro-mechanical products and
labor-intensive products experienced steady growth, whereas imports of consumer
goods and some of the resource products surged. In 2013, the export of
electro-mechanical products totaled US$1.27 trillion with year-on-year growth
of 7.3 percent, occupying 57.3 percent of China’s total export value.
Meanwhile, the export of labor-intensive products of seven categories including
textiles, garment, bags, footwear, toys, furniture and plastics went up by 10.3
percent to US$461.84 billion, taking up 20.9 percent of the total national
exports. In addition, China’s imports of consumer goods amounted to US$232.29
billion, up by 24.6 percent. The imports of crude oil, iron ore and coal
arrived at 280 million tons, 820 million tons and 330 million tons, an increase
of 4 percent, 10.2 percent and 13.4 percent respectively.
五、对外贸易自主发展能力不断增强：般贸易比重增加、加工贸易比重减少。2013年，我国产业链长、增值率高的一般贸易进出口2.2万亿美元，增长9.3%，占同期我国进出口总值的52.8%，提升0.8个百分点；加工贸易进出口1.36万亿美元，增长1%，占32.6%，下滑2.2个百分点。
5. Transformation of growth pattern of foreign trade and restructuring of imports and exports was continued: China upgraded its capacity of developing on its own. General trade expanded its share whereas processing trade occupied a smaller percentage of China’s overall imports and exports. In 2013, China’s general trade, which featured a long industrial line and high appreciation rate, amounted to US$2.2 trillion with an increase of 9.3 percent, taking up 52.8 percent of China’s foreign trade in total, 0.8 percentage points higher than the previous year. Processing trade grew 1 percent to US$1.36 trillion, accounting for 32.6 percent of the total national imports and exports, 2.2 percentage points lower compared with a year earlier. |
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