京华时报记者：我想再问一个关于户籍方面的问题。《规划》提出要严格控制500万以上的特大城市人口规模，这是否意味着现在许多离开家乡长期在北、上、广打工的这些普通的劳动者就没有落户的希望了？
Beijing
Times: I
have another question concerning the issue of household registration. The Plan
states that the population of megacities with more than five million residents
should be strictly controlled. Does that mean those migrant workers who have
left their hometown and earn a living in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou will
not have a chance to have their hukou in those cities?
黄明：这是许多人关心的问题。我建议不要说“就没有落户的希望了”。我想从三个方面来回答你的问题。
Huang
Ming: That’s
a question that a lot of people are concerned about. I would suggest not using
the expression “there’s no chance”. I would like to answer your question by
making three points.
第一，严格控制500万以上人口的特大城市人口规模，这是中国的国情决定的，人口多、不平衡，大城市的优势集中，聚集了大量的外来人口。像北京，2000年到2012年这12年间，流动人口增加了517万，每年增长43万。上海每年增长53万，广州这12年每年增长43万，深圳每年增长56万。这些城市资源环境的压力太大，确实需要减负。所以我们的户籍政策与规划是配套的，要严格控制这些城市的人口规模，要坚持从紧。
First, the need to strictly
control the population of megacities with more than five million residents is
determined by Chinese national conditions. China has a large population and the
development of different areas is unbalanced. The megacities have big
advantages and have attracted large migrant populations. Take Beijing as an
example, from 2000 to 2012, the migrant population of the city increased by
5.17 million, about 430 thousand every year. During the same period, the
migrant population of Shanghai increased 530 thousand every year, that of
Guangzhou 430 thousand and that of Shenzhen 560 thousand. Therefore, the
burdens of cities that suffer from resource shortages and environment
deterioration need to be alleviated. Our household registration policy is in
accordance with the Plan, which means the population of those cities should be
under strict control and we will adhere to tight control.
第二，大家要注意到，今年各地的“两会”，北京、上海等特大城市就有一个重要的信号，就是要科学定位城市功能，适当疏散一些城市功能，加快产业转型升级，要转移一些劳动密集型的产业，优化人口结构。这就是说，严格控制人口规模不仅是一个户籍政策，它是要综合考虑的，还有其他多种措施，引导人口有进有出，使城市人口结构更加科学合理，更加有利于城市经济社会发展。
Second, we have noticed that this
year’s local Two Sessions sent out an important signal about megacities such as
Beijing and Shanghai: cities should define their functions in a scientific way,
appropriately divert some functions to other places, and speed up industrial
transformation and upgrading by transferring labor-intensive industries and
optimizing the population structure. Therefore, strict control of the
population is not only a part of the household registration policy. It is a
result of comprehensive consideration and accompanied by many other measures,
including guiding the population to move from the cities, to form a more
rational urban population structure and facilitate the economic growth and
social development of cities.
第三，特大城市要严格控制人口规模，也要进行户籍制度的改革和完善。要按照公开、公平、有序的原则，通过积分制的办法，阶梯式的通道来进行落户，来合理调控落户规模和节奏。为什么不要一概地讲”没有希望了“，我认为希望是有的，但是这个希望不会像其他大城市，尤其不会像中小城市那么大。如果要尽快实现自己的城市梦，中小城市比较现实，如果要选择特大城市，既要积极创造条件，还要保持良好的心态和足够的耐心。
Third, megacities should strictly
control their populations as well as reform and improve the current household
registration system. We should help rural residents become urban citizens in an
open, fair and orderly manner, using the points system to grant them access to
urban social services step by step, and therefore properly control and adjust
the scale and pace of the urban population expansion. Why am I against using
the expression “no chance?” In my opinion, there are still chances. However,
the chances (of becoming residents of megacities) will not be as big as those
in other big cities, and medium and small cities in particular. If you want to
realize your “urban dream” quickly, it is more realistic to move to the medium
and small cities. If you choose the megacities, apart from earning credits, you
should keep a positive attitude and be patient.
徐宪平：我呼应一下黄部长。500万人口以下的城市，有省会城市，有地级市，也还有县城，请大家注意，《规划》中明确提出，各类城镇要因地制宜制定农业转移人口落户的具体标准，并向社会公布，引导农业转移人口在城镇落户的预期和选择。
Xu
Xianping: I
agree with Vice Minister Huang. Cities with less than five million residents
include provincial capitals, prefecture-level cities and county seats. Please
notice that the Plan clearly states that cities and towns should draft and
publish the specific criteria for rural residents to become urban citizens
according to their own conditions, guiding the anticipation and selection of
those who want to become urban residents.
杨志明：我补充一下。农民工学习技能、参加社保可以加分。
Yang
Zhiming:
I’d like to add one thing. Migrant workers can earn their points by acquiring
skills and participating in social insurance.
郭卫民：要参加培训。《规划》出来了，我们还可以搞一个发布会。
Guo
Weimin: They
may attend training. When the plan (for the household registration system) is
released, we may have another press conference.
黄明：户籍制度改革的意见，等到中央和国务院审批以后，我们还会具体做详细的解释。
Huang
Ming:
We’ll give detailed explanations on the reform of the household registration
system after the approval from the CPC Central Committee and the State Council.
新华社记者：有两个问题。第一，今年政府工作报告提出，推进以人为核心的新型城镇化，今后一个时期要重点解决三个一亿人的城镇化问题。我想问一下这项工作具体该怎样落实？第二个问题，西部地区进行城镇化建设与东部地区有什么不同？着力点在哪里？
Xinhua
News Agency:
I have two questions. First, in this year’s government work report, it stated
we need to propel the new urbanization plan that puts human first and addresses
three major tasks, each involving 10 million people. I would like to know how
these tasks will be carried out. Second, what is the difference between the
urbanization in the West and in the East? What are the focal issues?
徐宪平：我来回答一下您这个问题。这个问题在“两会”期间是一个热议的话题。“三个1亿人”，第一个1亿人就是《规划》提出的到2020年要努力实现1亿左右的农业转移人口在城镇落户。现在的80后、90后的新生代农民工已经超过1亿人，在流入地居住五年以上的农民工有5000万人以上，举家迁徙的农民工大概有5500万人。预计到2020年，城镇常住人口中，农民工及其家属的总量会达到3亿多。先解决1亿人左右，占到三分之一，主要是存量。这个既是可能的，也是必要的。
Xu
Xianping: Let
me take your questions. This issue was much discussed at the two sessions. The
first task, involving 100 million people, is to allow 100 million rural residents
to settle down in the urban areas by 2020, according to the plans. The new
generation of migrant workers, born in the 1980s and 1990s, has topped 100
million; more than 50 million migrant workers have resided in the city for at
least five years and some 55 million migrant workers have moved into the cities
together with their families. By 2020, the number of migrant workers and their
relatives who reside in the urban area will amount to some 300 million. The
first task at hand, involving 100 million people, is the first one to be
completed and this figure occupies one third of the total. This is a very
doable and necessary task.
刚才黄明部长讲了，到时候，户籍人口城镇化率将从现在的36%左右提高到45%左右，这样既有利于释放内需潜力，也有利于解决“三农”问题，有利于维护社会稳定。
As Vice Minister Huang Ming has
just said, the urbanization rate of registered households will by that time be
raised to some 45 percent from the current 36 percent. It will help unlock
potential domestic demand, help resolve the issues regarding the countryside,
agriculture and farmers, as well as help maintain social stability.
第二个1亿人，就是要通过棚户区和城中村的改造，改善约1亿人的居住条件。
The second task, involving
another 100 million people, is to improve the living conditions of about 100
million people through the renovation of shanty towns and villages in city.
齐骥：我插一句话。刚才徐主任讲了1亿农村人口户籍的问题，第二个1亿人就是指城镇棚户区和城中村当中还居住着不少市民，总理在今年的政府工作报告当中比较生动地讲，他说决不能一边是高楼耸立，另一边是棚户一片。我理解就是包括北京上海在内仍有少量的棚户区，但是在一些中部和西部的城镇，可能城镇的棚户区比例更大一些。因此提出了到2020年，我们要使1亿左右的人脱离棚户区。我给大家报告一下，我们从“十二五”开始，大规模实施保障性安居工程，这个大家可能都知道。我们提出了五年要新开工建设3600万套各类保障性安居工程，其中40%以上是棚户区。“十二五”3600万套的任务，到2013年底已经开工了2400多万套，今年、明年还有两年，每年还要完成600万。
Qi Ji: I would like to add
something. Vice Minister Xu just spoke about the issue of the household
registration of 100 million people in rural areas. The second task involving
another 100 million people basically indicates that a lot of urban residents
still live in shanty towns and villages in city. The premier has said in this
year’s government work report that we cannot allow high-rise buildings to stand
on one side with a shantytown located right on the other side. There are still
a few shanty towns left in cities such as Beijing and Shanghai, and even more
in the country’s central and western regions. As a result, the report outlined
the task to move some 100 million people out of these shanty towns.
I would like to brief you on some
of these tasks. Since the implementation of the 12th Five-Year Plan, the
affordable housing project has been launched -- maybe you have noticed this. We
aim to build 360 million units of affordable housing over the next five years,
more than 40 percent of which are situated in shanty towns. More than 240
million units were under construction by the end of 2013, and for the remaining
two years, 6 million more will be completed each year.
本届政府提出，从2013年到2017年，要再推进1000万套以上的棚户区改造的任务。2013年是本届政府第一年，我们实际开工改造了323万套，今年我们的计划是470万套以上。大家可以算得出，这两年加一起，我们就新开了800万套。本届政府还有三年，按照地方目前的安排，到2017年的时候，我们可以在1000万的基础上跃到1500万，就是本届政府可以达到1500万。以2008年开始大规模棚户区改造，到2012年是一个节点，2013、2014、2015、2016、2017再是一个节点。到2012年年底为止，各地改造棚户区是1260万，如果本届政府再完成1500万的话，就是2760万。我们计划，成片的棚户区改造到本届政府结束的时候，就是2017年基本上改造完。另外，仍然剩下的一批，当然还有城中村，这个还没有做详细的计划，但是总体的规划是有，2018、2019到2020年，我们至少还能改造1000万套以上棚户区和“城中村”，三个数加在一起，1260万套已经做完了，我们计划1500万套在2017年完成，到2020年以前三年内再完成1000万套，一共完成3760万套。大家可以算一下，3760万个棚户区家庭从棚户区走出来，进入到现代的住宅里，是不是能够解决1亿人口的搬出棚户区、城中村的问题？
The government put forward the
task of renovating more than 10 million shantytown homes between 2013 and 2017.
In 2013, the first year of the new government’s administration, we actually
already renovated 3.23 million homes. This year, we set the target at more than
4.7 million. You can do the math yourself. Adding up both years, we have
updated roughly 8 million of these neighborhoods. This government still has
three more years to go. According to the arrangements made by local
governments, we can increase this number from 10 to 15 million, which is a goal
this government can achieve. This mega shantytown renovation project started
off in 2008.
The year of 2012 was a milestone
year, and 2017 will be yet another milestone year. By the end of 2012, the
renovation of 12.6 million shantytown homes had been completed and this figure
is set to reach some 27.6 million if this government can attain its aim of 15
million. We plan to complete this large-scale shantytown renovation by the end
of this government administration, by 2017 that is. Moreover, for those
remaining shanty towns and so-called “inner-city villages,” there are as of yet
no detailed plans in place, but a general plan does exist. In 2018, 2019 and
2020, we can at least renovate more than 10 million shantytown and “inner city
village” homes. Counting the 10 million, together with the 12.6 million already
completed and the 15 million to be completed by 2017, we can come to a total of
37.6 million. If we can move 37.6 million households out of shanty towns and
into modern residences, can we then complete the task of moving 10 million
people out of t shanty towns and “inner-city villages”?
徐宪平：齐部长回答得非常精彩，《规划》把棚户区和城中村改造作为一项长期的任务，开辟一个专栏，制定了专项行动计划，有步骤地推进实施。
Xu
Xianping: Vice
Minister Qi provided a great response to the questions. The plan will take the
renovation of shanty towns and “inner-city villages” as a long-term endeavor
and formulate a special action plan with a step-by-step implementation.
第三个1亿人，就是要引导约1亿人在中西部地区就近城镇化。2012年东部地区的城镇化率是62.2%，中部地区的城镇化率是48.5%，西部地区的城镇化率是44.8%，差了十几个百分点。随着西部大开发、中部崛起战略的深入实施，中西部地区的发展条件明显改善，承接产业转移的步伐明显加快，就业支撑能力明显增强，城镇化的发展还有较大的空间。在主体功能区规划确定的中西部重点开发区域，培育若干新的城市群，有条件、有能力吸纳约1亿人就地城镇化。这样做，对于促进区域协调发展，对于维护民族团结和保障国土安全都具有重大意义。
The third task involving 100
million people, meaning 100 million people in China’s central and western
regions, will be guided to obtain residency in nearby cities. In 2012, the
urbanization rate in the eastern region was 62.2 percent, and in the western
region was 44.8 percent, with a 10-plus percentage gap between them. As the Strategy
of China’s Western Development and the plans for the rejuvenation of central
China have taken root, the conditions for development in the central and
western regions have improved remarkably. The areas have geared up their
industrial transfer projects, increased their abilities to support labor market
and left more room for urbanization. In key areas for development in central
and western regions, set aside by the plan as main functional zones, we will
foster the development of new city clusters and enable them to grant some 100
million farmers full citizenship in the localities. In doing so, it will be of
great significance to the progress of regional coordinated development, the
maintenance of ethnical unity and the safeguarding of sovereignty safety.
你讲到中西部地区发展问题，请注意《规划》有一段表述，中部地区是粮食主产区，西部地区是水源涵养区和重要的生态功能区，所以在中西部地区推进城镇化要摒弃粗放低效的模式，严格保护耕地，严格保护水源，严格控制污染物排放，走绿色低碳、生态文明的新型城镇化道路。这一问题在《规划》编制时已经考虑到，所以提到，要在主体功能区规划确定的重点开发区域培育城市群，这是根据资源环境承载能力确定的。谢谢。
As for the development issue of
the central and western regions you mentioned, please note one passage in the
plan. Since the central region is the main food-production area, the western
region is a water conservation and key ecological functional area, the job of
propelling urbanization in those regions should eliminate the existing
extensive and low-efficient pattern and focus on farmland conservation, water
conservation and pollutant emission control along a green, low-carbon and
eco-friendly urbanization path. The drafting of the plan has taken the issue
into consideration, so the task of fostering city clusters in key development
zones, planned by main functional zones, is defined according to the capacity
of their resources and environment. Thank you.
杨志明：农民工在中西部地区快速发展也成为一个新的趋势。我给大家提供一个数据，到去年，东部地区农民工负增长0.2%，中部地区增长了9.4%，西部地区增长了3.3%。也就是说，东部地区是低增长，个别年度还是负增长，中西部地区快增长。尽管中西部地区比东部地区工资收入少10%，但是离家比较近，生活成本低，便于照顾家庭等等。这样的话，中西部地区不断地增强了就业的吸引力，在一定程度上也促进了东中西各区域间劳动力的合理流动，也促进了对农民工劳动环境的改善和加强人文关怀。前面徐主任讲了新生代农民工，这样的农民工通常是指80后、90后的新生代农民工，他们二三十岁，年轻、有文化、富有活力，哪个地方能吸引农民工，就能给新型城镇化注入活力。
Yang
Zhiming:
The rapid increase in the number of migrant workers in central and western
China has become a new trend. I will give you some statistics. Last year, the
number of migrant workers in the east decreased by 0.2 percent, but increased
by 9.4 percent in central China and 3.3 percent in western China. In other
words, the eastern region witnessed very slow growth, and some years even
negative growth, while the central and western regions witnessed rapid growth.
Although wages in the central and western regions were 10 percent less than
those in the eastern region, their appeal to workers stemmed more from the
proximity of a working place, low living costs and convenience for taking care
of the family. This is partly facilitating the reasonable labor flow between
eastern, central and western regions, as well as improving the labor conditions
and care for migrant workers. Just now, Vice Minister Xu spoke about the new
generation of migrant workers, born in the 1980s and 1990s. They are currently
in their twenties and thirties, young, educated and energetic, and can breathe
life into to the new urbanization plan.
人民日报记者：提一个具体的问题给齐部长。咱们新型城镇化《规划》中有个目标，就是全国住房信息联网。不知道现在全国住房信息联网进展到什么程度了？目前面临的主要困难是什么？
People’s
Daily: I
would like to ask a question specifically meant for Vice Minister Qi. One of
the goals mentioned in the National Plan on New Urbanization is to establish a
national network of personal housing information. I would like to know the
progress of this work? What have been the major difficulties so far?
齐骥：城镇个人住房信息系统建设，我看全社会都比较关心。我给大家报告，最早提出要建设城镇个人住房信息系统，是在2011年国务院办公厅的关于加强房地产市场调控文件当中提到的，是为了有针对性地搞好市场调控，要建立住房信息系统，那么就意味着我们要对住房的建设、销售和存量情况做到心中有数，可以使得我们的调控措施更具有针对性。
Qi Ji: The establishment of
a system of personal housing information in urban areas is something which
concerns the whole society. I would like you to know that the initiative was
put forward in a document issued by the General Office of the State Council in
2011 to regulate the housing market, and it was intended to help regulatory work
become more targeted. In providing a clear picture of housing construction,
sales and inventory, the system will enable policy makers to adopt more
targeted measures.
按照国务院的工作部署，建设部第一期提出要求40个重点城市要在2012年年底建成本城市的数字化住房个人信息系统，进而实现这40个城市与建设部的联网。因为这项工作是一项具体的业务工作，我们开过会，督促地方去建。在2013年的上半年，我们基本上实现了全国40个房地产市场重点监测城市与建设部的联网。大家有好多的说辞，我在这儿给大家报告的是真实的情况。
In line with the work
arrangements by the State Council, the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural
Development ordered a first batch of 40 major cities to complete the setup of
their own digital personal housing information systems by the end of 2012, and
then have these systems connected to the national network operated by the
ministry itself. This is a very concrete task. We held meetings to further
discuss the plans and urged local governments to proceed. By mid-2013, we had
basically connected the local systems of all the 40 major cities on the housing
market monitoring list to the national network. People give different versions
on what’s going on with the current work and I’m here to tell you the actual
situation.
按照国务院部署推进40个重点城市的个人住房信息系统建设过程当中，国务院在2013年的加强房地产市场调控的通知当中，提到了要在“十二五”末设区城市基本实现全国个人住房信息系统联网。
As the 40 cities proceeded, as
arranged by the State Council, with the construction of their local systems,
the State Council issued a circular in 2013 to strengthen housing market
regulations. The circular set the goal to have all personal information housing
systems of cities with subordinate districts connected to the national network
by the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan.
在这儿我还给大家报告一下，这个问题实际跟公安部有关系了。不论这40个城市也好，还是目前各个设区城市正在积极组织建设个人住房信息系统也好，它更多的是指个人的住房信息情况，就是张三、李四谁在哪天在什么地方买了哪套房子，这些所有新的交易增量在我们的信息系统中要自动地记录下来。当然仅有这些信息还不够，这只是针对增量，各地还有好多没有信息系统之前大家买的房子，这些房子都是开发企业跟购房者签了一个纸介的合同，最后要把这些纸介的合同送到地方的房产部门，以取得他们的房产登记。所以相当多的存量房在目前信息化的网络当中还是没有的，我们也要求各个城市要抓紧把纸介的房产档案录入到电子化的信息系统当中来，这也是一个比较繁重的工作。我知道有些城市动员了大量的大学生，在暑期或者寒假，帮助把纸介的协议合同转录到系统当中去。这项工作，目前在相当多的城市已经做完了。但是对于正在建立信息系统的其他设区城市和广大的县级城市，这项工作恐怕还没有启动，这就是目前的进展状况。
The housing information systems,
including those of the 40 cities and those under construction in other cities
with subordinate districts, mainly collect such housing information of
individuals as “who bought which apartment, when and where.” Information on new
transactions will automatically enter the systems. However, the systems are not
complete because the information on housing purchases made prior to the
existence of the systems remains absent. These purchases were accomplished by
property developers and buyers signing paper contracts. The contracts were then
sent to the relevant government department for registration. We have urged all
cities to accelerate the input of information regarding these purchases into
the digital systems, which is a lot of work. As far as I know, some cities have
recruited college students to do the work during their summer and winter
breaks. The work has thus far been completed in many cities, but it is yet to
be commenced elsewhere because other cities with subordinate districts and many
county-level cities are still in the process of establishing their information
systems.
我想再强调一下，我们这个个人住房信息系统，它不是以家庭为单位，是以个人为单位，没有和公安部黄部长他们的家庭户籍系统联系起来，这恐怕还需要一段时间。《规划》当中提到了，建立以土地登记为基础的不动产统一登记，这项工作涉及到住房登记问题，实际是住房信息系统进一步工作的延伸，我们正在配合，正在同国土部一起推进这项工作。
I also want to note that the
housing information listed in the systems is individual-based instead of
household-based. The systems haven’t been connected to the household
registration system of the Ministry of Public Security. It will take time to
connect them. The National Plan on New Urbanization also mentioned the unified
registration of real estate on the basis of land registration. It is a job which
involves housing registration and thus is part of the establishment of housing
information systems. We are cooperating with the Ministry of Land and Resources
to speed up the work.
关于这件事情，好长时间以来，大家掌握的情况可能也不是特别准确，我们也没有及时地跟你们通报，正好借今天这个机会，给大家介绍一下情况。
People have for long had
inaccurate information on the matter and we have failed to keep you informed in
a timely manner. So I wanted to take this opportunity to clarify things.
郭卫民：今天的发布会就到这里，谢谢各位部长，也谢谢各位记者，同时也谢谢两位同传的翻译。
Guo Weimin: This is the end of today’s press conference. Thank you, ministers, reporters and both simultaneous interpreters. |
