美国国务卿约翰·克里和财长杰克·卢在记者见面会上的讲话（中英对照）

MODERATOR: We’ll take another question. Ian Katz, Bloomberg. Right here, thanks.

QUESTION: Thank you. For either Secretary Lew or Secretary Kerry: There is a report out in the last day about Chinese hackers getting into files of the Office of Personnel Management and getting some information of people applying for high-security government jobs. Did either of you discuss that with your Chinese counterparts, and if so, in what form and what was their response?

And I also just have a separate question for Secretary Lew on the Chinese pledges to reduce currency intervention. Can you explain a little bit about what it is they pledged to do, and is there a timetable? What specifically are they going to do, and how does it compare with what you would like to see them do?

And lastly, on the currency. You’ve been pushing for a stronger yuan. Does that imply or mean that you’d like to see a weaker dollar?

SECRETARY KERRY: I’ll just take the cyber thing quickly and then turn it over to Secretary Lew. We were both notified about this alleged incident only minutes, literally, before we came out here. So we did not raise it in the specific term; we raised the subject, obviously. But what we have learned is that apparently this story relates to an attempted intrusion that is still being investigated by the appropriate U.S. authorities. And at this point in time, it does not appear to have compromised any sensitive material. And I’m not going to get into any of the specifics of that ongoing investigation, but we’ve been very clear for some time with our counterparts here that this is in larger terms an issue of concern.

克里国务卿：我先扼要谈谈网络问题，然后请雅各布·卢部长接着回答。对于报道所说的事件，我们两人都收到消息，就在几分钟前，在我们来到这里之前。所以我们还没有具体提出这件事。我们提出了这方面的问题，这一点很明确。但是根据我们了解到的情况，看来此事涉及美国有关当局仍在调查的一次试图侵入的行为。目前看来此事没有使任何敏感材料受到侵害。我不准备具体详谈正在进行的调查，但过去这一段时间，我们已经更广泛地向这里的有关方面十分明确地表示，这是一个受到关注的问题。

SECRETARY LEW: Ian, on the question of the exchange rate, I think it’s important to go back to the first principles: Why do we raise the issue and make it such an important one? It’s fundamentally about the fairness of the trading system and the opportunity of U.S. workers and firms to compete fairly and for Chinese consumers to have the purchasing power that goes with a fairly valued currency.

雅各布·卢部长：伊恩，关于汇率问题，我认为需要回到最初的原则：我们为什么提出这个问题，而且如此重视这个问题？这从根本上关系到贸易体制的公平性及美国工人和公司参与公平竞争的机会，同时使中国消费者的购买力符合在公平条件下决定的货币价值。

We have, I think, successfully gotten an agreement that reflects the decisions made by China’s government to move towards a market-determined exchange rate. By putting in the statement today the commitment to gradually reduce interventions and to limit interventions to what are really extraordinary circumstances, that’s a big change. By indicating publicly that the process of gaining greater transparency on interventions, that’s also a major change. I think that we still have a process ahead of us because the experience of the next few months will tell us a lot about what the real impact is, but it is a very important issue that there be clarity on and that there be an understanding that it is just a basic tenet of moving towards a more market-determined economy that the exchange rate has to move as well to a more market-determined level.

我认为，我们已经成功地达成一项协议，反映了中国政府决定向由市场决定汇率的机制转变。今天以声明的形式承诺逐步减少干预，并只在的确非常特殊的情况下才进行干预，这是一个很大的转变。公开表示在干预问题上提供更大的透明度，这也是一个很大的变化。我认为我们仍然面临一个过程，因为今后几个月将为我们提供很多情况，说明究竟产生了哪些影响。但这是一个很重要的问题，需要明确无误，也需要认识到这只是一个基本原则，随着进一步走向由市场决定的经济，汇率也必须进一步达到由市场决定的水平。

I think that when we think of this in U.S. terms, it is about having there be a level playing field and fair rules of engagement. Market conditions will determine whether rates go up or down, but if they’re increasingly driven by the market with less and less intervention, that’s a good thing. And I think the document today reflects that, and we will now move forward working on the issue and continuing to monitor closely what we see in the coming months.

我认为，我们如果从美国方面考虑，这关系到公平的竞争环境和公平的交往规则。市场条件将决定汇率是上升还是下降，如果他们逐步减少干预，逐步依靠市场驱动，这是一件好事。我认为今天的文件反映了这一点。现在我们将进一步在这个问题上进行努力，今后几个月将继续密切观察。

MR. RATHKE: Next question is Chen Huihui from CCTV.

QUESTION: Thank you. My question is for Secretary. Some American analysts believe that the new type of major power relationship that China proposes is a trap, and it means unilateral U.S. accommodation of China’s core interests and therefore the U.S. should not accept that idea. So what is your comment on such a kind of view? Thank you.

SECRETARY KERRY: Well, President Obama has made it clear that the United States of America welcomes the rise of a peaceful and prosperous and stable China, and one that plays a constructive role in the region and in the world, that works by a rules-based structure in concert with other partners. We plan to work together and the U.S. is not, as we have said many times, in a rivalry competition with China in terms of trying to contain it or otherwise.

克里国务卿：欧巴马总统已经明确表示，美利坚合众国欢迎一个和平、繁荣和稳定的中国崛起，在本地区和全世界发挥建设性的作用，与其他伙伴一起遵循以规则为基础的体制。我们准备共同进行努力，我们已经多次说过，美国没有与中国进行对抗性的竞争，不试图遏制中国。

So we don’t see a problem in defining a great power relationship in the 21st century that is a new model for countries, but it’s not going to be defined by talking about it. It’s not going to be defined by us carving up areas and suggesting there are spheres of influence. It’s going to be defined by our mutual embrace of standards of global behavior and activity that protect the values and the interests that we have long worked by – the norms of international behavior. And that means not engaging in unilateral actions to enforce a particular assertion of sovereignty or otherwise. It means working within the rules-based system.

所以，我们看到如何决定21世纪大国关系的问题。这属于新型国家关系，但不能仅付诸于言辞，不能通过划分某些区域作为势力范围来决定。这取决于双方能够共同接受保护我们长期遵循的价值和利益的全球行为和活动标准——国际行为准则。这意味着不采取单方面行动强制推行某一个声称拥有主权的主张。这意味着在以规则为基础的体制内努力解决问题。

We don’t take a position on those sovereignty issues, but we do take the position that they ought to be resolved through the legal structures that exist for a resolution of those kinds of disputes. And we certainly had a discussion about those kinds of things.

我们对这些主权问题不采取偏向任何一方的立场，但我们采取应通过现有解决这类纠纷的法律框架解决问题的立场。我们当然就这类问题进行了讨论。

So we agreed – really, what I think is important about what took place here over the course of these last two days is that China and the United States were able to talk reasonably and cordially, respectfully, even as we differed about some of these kinds of issues.

所以，我们同意——实际上，我认为在这两天在这里举行活动的过程中，重要的问题是中国和美国能够进行理性和诚挚的讨论，相互尊重，即使双方对某些这类问题存在分歧也能如此。

At the same time, we found there was much more that we agree on and much more where there was a common interest – in having a denuclearized North Korea; in making sure that the region is free to navigation and open for respect for the rule of law; in finding that we share concerns about Afghanistan; that we are working together cooperatively in the P5+1, and China is an important partner in the nonproliferation activity and in the enforcement of the P5+1 efforts; that we agree on Middle East peace and the dangers of the region; that we agree on counterterrorism, and the need to work together in order to reduce threat to all of us. And I could find – I mean, there’s more where we have – on climate change – very serious agreement where we are making breakthrough choices, agreements that were articulated by Secretary Lew on the need to reform economic measures, access to markets, and other things.

与此同时，我们发现双方有很多能取得一致的方面，很多存在共同利益的方面——例如促使北韩去核化；保证该地区的航行自由和开放，遵守法治；发现双方对阿富汗有共同的关注；我们正在5常加1（P5+1）过程中相互合作，同时中国是防扩散活动和5常加1执行工作的一个重要伙伴；双方对中东和平及该地区的危险有共同的认识；双方对反恐怖主义和需要共同努力降低对我们所有各方的威胁表示一致意见。我可以发现——我指的是双方还在更多的问题上——气候变化——达成十分重要的协议，双方正在做出具有突破性的选择，就雅各布·卢部长谈到的需要采取改革经济的措施、市场准入等达成了协议。

So I think that, all in all, when you read the summary of outcomes, you will see that there’s a high level of cooperation, but a respect for the fact that we do differ on certain things, and we will. But managing those differences is a critical component of this new great power relationship.

所以，我认为，总而言之，你们如果看看有关成果的介绍，就会发现其中体现了高度的合作水平，但同时也尊重我们在某些问题上存在分歧的事实，我们将会如此。然而，管理这些分歧是新型大国关系的一个重要组成部分。

MODERATOR: Great. We’ll take one last question. Ling Wang with Caixin.

QUESTION: Thank you. Well, I have questions for both tracks. For Secretary Lew, concerning the BIT negotiations, so far what are the difficulties and problems encountered in the first phase? And is China SOE the – your biggest concern in the next phase and --

SECRETARY LEW: Sorry, I couldn’t hear the last part.

QUESTION: I’m sorry. For the first question or the second question?

SECRETARY LEW: It was -- the last thing you said.

QUESTION: Is Chinese SOE, state-owned enterprise, your biggest concern in next phase?

And for the strategic track, Secretary Kerry, if there is one thing that you would like to highlight for this year’s dialogue, what is it? And how do you see the economic track and the strategic track affected each other in the past two days’ dialogue? Thank you.

SECRETARY KERRY: Say the last part again? How did I see the --

QUESTION: How do you see the two tracks affected each other in the last two days?

SECRETARY KERRY: The economic?

QUESTION: Yeah.

SECRETARY KERRY: Absolutely. Sure.

QUESTION: Thank you.

SECRETARY LEW: So let me begin with the question about the bilateral investment treaty. And let me take a step back, because I think the importance of the agreement we reached last year where China agreed to basically flip its presumption from its markets being closed to its markets being open was a very dramatic one, and it was one that reflected the mutual interest we had in promoting a strong U.S. and Chinese economy and to promoting more cooperation.

雅各布·卢部长：我先谈谈双边投资协定的问题。但我需要回顾前一个步骤的情况，因为我认为双方去年达成协议的重要意义在于，中国同意基本上改变了自己的看法，原来以中国市场封闭为前提，后转变为以中国市场开放为前提，这是一个十分巨大的转变，反映了我们为促进强盛的美中经济和进一步加强合作的共同利益。

Just as Secretary Kerry was saying a moment ago on the strategic side, so too on the economic side there is – we have a vested interest in each other’s success, and there’s much that we agreed on. Now obviously the process that China’s going through is a very substantial one. The presumption is markets are open, unless there are specific items that are excepted from it. China’s now going through the process of coming up with its list of exceptions, and then, as we agreed to in the summary of outcomes, we will next year begin negotiating that list of exceptions between our two countries.

刚才国务卿克里谈到战略方面的问题，在经济方面也是如此——双方都能从对方的成功中获得既得利益，双方在很多方面达成一致意见。现在，显然中国正在经历十分巨大的变化。前提是市场开放，除非有一些特定的方面属于例外。现在中国正对例外情况拟定清单，然后按照双方对有关成果达成的一致意见，我们两国将在明年开始对这份清单进行谈判。

I think that the process of reaching an agreement on a bilateral investment treaty is always a difficult and complicated one. And I think the ground covered since last year has been substantial. A lot of progress has been made, and we’re now cued up in the beginning of next year to go into the next round of very serious negotiations.

我认为，达成双边投资协定的过程往往很艰难，很复杂。我认为自去年以来涉及的面已经很广泛，已取得很大的进展。现在双方准备明年年初十分认真地进行下一轮谈判。

Along the way to an agreement on a full BIT, there are a number of other issues that are very significant. The items reflected in the summary of areas where we were able to agree reflects opening of some financial markets. We continued to have very productive discussions about a technology agreement. I think even before there’s a BIT, we have things we can do along the way that will open markets, build confidence, and build a sense that the value of reaching a BIT is as great as it was when last year’s S&ED reached the point of commencing the process.

为了达成全面的双边投资协定，其他一系列问题也很重要。双方就达成一致的领域发表的简报列出的各项反映了某些金融市场的开放。双方继续对技术方面的协议进行十分富有成效的讨论。我认为，即使在达成双边投资协议前，我们在这个过程中仍然有一些工作可以做，从而可促进开放市场，建立互信，并且建立一种信念，说明达成双边投资协定仍然具有重要意义，不亚于去年战略与经济对话开始这个程序时的认识。

So I think it takes a little bit of patience because it is a long process, but there is real progress being made, and I think that the provisions that are reflected in today’s document show that even in this round we have some real points of progress to show. And we will look forward to engaging at the beginning of next year and going through the next phase of negotiation.

所以，我认为对这个问题需要有一些耐心，因为这是一个长期过程，但是已取得实际进展。我认为，今天文件列出的条款说明，即使在这一轮谈判期间，双方已经可以展示一些实际的进展。我们期待明年年初相互接触，进行下一阶段的谈判。

SECRETARY KERRY: You asked me to highlight the one thing that might stand out, and I think I did. But I’ll take advantage of the question, to bear down on one part of that. I said that the level of cooperation overall on major issues of global concern is significant. And the capacity that I think we saw to manage our disagreements about certain things but still remain focused on those areas of agreement is critical, and it’s very important.

克里国务卿：你要我介绍某一个可能特别突出的事项，我认为我已经谈到了。但是我想利用问答问题的机会谈谈其中的一个问题。我说过，就全球主要问题来说，整体的合作水平很显著。我认为，我们看到管理双方在某些问题上的分歧的能力，但坚持以这些意见一致的领域为重点具有关键意义，的确十分重要。

But bearing down on that, let me just pick climate change as an example. I’ve been involved in the issue of climate change for more than 25 years – even longer. But in the Senate, for many years, it was incomprehensible that the United States and China would find cooperation on climate change. As recently as two years ago, no one would’ve thought that that was possible or expected it. And last year, when President Xi signed onto this idea that it was important to work with the United States and find ways forward, because China was increasingly finding certain challenges domestically with respect to air quality and pollution and other things, but also learning more about the challenge of the science, as the consensus began to grow that we needed to take action, we found some common ground.

谈到这方面的情况，我想以气候变化问题为例。我参与气候变化事务已有25年以上——甚至更长。我在参议院工作多年，当时还难以想到美国和中国可以在气候变化问题上合作。即使在两年前，也没有人会想到有这个可能性，也不会想到会发生这样的情况。去年，习主席考虑到这个问题，认为需要与美国一起寻求取得进展，因为中国日益发现国内的某些挑战关系到空气质量和污染等，同时也对科学方面的难题进行更多的探索，随着有关我们需要采取行动的共识开始增长，我们找到了一些共同点。

And already this year with our eco-partnerships, with our mutual targets with respect to fuel and trucks and fuel changing and fuel switching, and the idea of working together to try to figure out what are appropriate targets going forward into next year’s global negotiation on this subject, this is important. Because together, China and the United States represent about 45 to 48 percent of all global greenhouse gas emissions. We are the world’s two largest economies. And therefore to come together in this way at this moment in time is very significant.

今年，双方的生态伙伴关系已经实现，双方在燃料和卡车及燃料转换和燃料转型方面也有共同的目标，同时考虑到需要共同努力探索为明年在这个问题上的全球谈判制定适当的目标，这一点很重要。中国和美国的温室气体排放合并计算占全球的45%至48%。两国是全世界最大的两个经济体。为此，此时此刻在这方面共同努力具有十分重大的意义。

Now the true significance will be determined by what is agreed upon hopefully between the presidents, and we intend – and President Xi was very clear today that he looks forward to this work continuing, he looks forward to talking to President Obama and working up towards the APEC summit, and it’s our hope that this will actually be given greater meat on the bones than it has today. But at this point in time, this is an improbable act being played out, and we hope that ultimately it’s – it will be well received and be fruitful.

真正的重大成果取决于两国元首在哪些方面取得一致意见。我们准备——习主席今天十分明确地谈到，他期待这项工作继续进行，他期待与欧巴马总统会谈，在亚太经合组织峰会前的这一段时期进行努力。我们希望这实际上能取得比今天更大的收获。但是在当前，这一切还在未定之天。我们希望最终这 ——这将得到良好的响应和成果。

MR. RATHKE: Okay. Thanks everyone. Good night.