李克强总理答中外记者问（中英对照）

台湾无线卫星电视台（TVBS）记者：去年在台湾发生的一些事情，影响到两岸经济合作的进程。在大陆经济结构调整、经济增速放缓的趋势下，在大陆的台商也遇到一些经营和发展上的困难。请问大陆在继续促进两岸经济合作过程中有什么策略，可以让台湾的企业家和台湾一般民众更优先而切实地感受到大陆发展的机遇？

TVBS: There have been certain developments in Taiwan last year which have affected the business cooperation between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. As the mainland adjusts its economic structure and as mainland’s economy slows down, business people from Taiwan operating on the mainland have also run into difficulties. My question is, what steps will the mainland take to boost the cross-Straits business cooperation and ensure that businesses and people from Taiwan can continue to have priority access to the mainland’s development opportunities?

李克强：两岸是一家人，是骨肉同胞。坚持“一个中国”、“九二共识”、反对“台独”，维护两岸关系和平发展，就会给两岸经济合作创造基础，扩大空间。对推动两岸经济合作来说，需要“两个轮子”一起转。一个轮子就是要加强两岸经贸合作的制度化建设，比如说像ECFA（《海峡两岸经济合作框架协议》）后续协商。另一个轮子就是扩大相互开放。对大陆来说，尤其是要重视在大陆投资的台湾企业。

Li Keqiang: People on both sides of the Taiwan Straits belong to one big family. As long as we continue to adhere to the one-China principle and the 1992 Consensus, oppose Taiwan independence and uphold peaceful development of cross-Straits relations, we will be able to lay a more solid foundation for cross-Straits business cooperation and expand the room for such business ties. To boost the economic cooperation between the two sides, we need to get both wheels in motion. One wheel is to enhance institution building. For example, the follow-up consultations on ECFA should be advanced. The other wheel is to boost mutual opening-up. As far as the mainland is concerned, closer attention will be paid to the investment made by Taiwan business people on the mainland.

这里请你传递一个带有“定心丸”的消息，就是大陆将会继续维护台资企业和台商的合法权益，保持对他们的合理优惠政策。而且在对外开放中，我们会先一步对台湾开放，或者说对台湾开放的力度和深度会更大一些。我们欢迎台胞特别是年轻人到大陆来创业，并且愿意推动两岸人员交流，拉近两岸民众的心理距离。

Here I would like to ask you to convey a message to all these people, which I believe will prove to be quite reassuring to them, that is the mainland will continue to protect the lawful rights and interests of Taiwan business people on the mainland and continue to pursue preferential policies towards them as appropriate. In terms of opening-up, we will give priority to Taiwan in terms of both depth and intensity of opening-up steps. We welcome people from Taiwan, including young people, to the mainland to do business. We also want to further enhance personnel interflow between the two sides so as to bring the hearts and minds of people across the Straits closer to each other.

韩国广播公司（KBS）记者：近几个月中国CPI涨幅一直维持在1.5%左右，今年1月更是只有0.8%，我觉得中国已经进入通货紧缩，有一种说法说中国是全球通货紧缩的输出者，对韩国也有影响，对此您怎么看？

KBS: In the last few months, China’s CPI rise hovered at just about 1.5%, and in January this year, the figure was a mere 0.8%. So are we to conclude that China has entered deflation? And some people argue that China is exporting deflation and this has also affected the ROK. What is your response?

李克强：关于通货紧缩，国际上有多种解释，比较一致的就是说一个国家的物价总水平持续出现负增长。中国CPI或者说物价总水平1月份是正增长，2月份涨幅比1月份高，所以不能说中国已经出现了通货紧缩。

Li Keqiang: About deflation, there are multiple criteria in evaluating deflation. A major criterion is consecutive negative growth of overall consumer prices in a country. And when it comes to CPI in China, last January we had a positive growth and the figure for February further rebounded. So I don’t think there is deflation in China.

虽然中国现在的物价总水平比较低，但并不是中国向世界输出了通缩，你说叫“输出者”，实际上我们是“被通缩”。我给你举个例子，去年，我们进口了3.1亿吨原油、9.3亿吨铁矿石，量是增的，没有跌，但是价格下来了，主要是因为国际大宗商品价格大幅度下跌。对这种“被通缩”的问题，我们有应对，也有进一步的准备。当然，我们更希望世界经济能走出低迷，实现复苏。

Consumer prices in China have been quite low recently, but China is not exporting deflation. The truth is we have been on the receiving end of deflation. Let me give you one example. Last year, China bought some 310 million metric tons of crude oil and 930 million tons of iron ores on international markets. The physical volume has been on the rise, but the value contained has declined because of tumble in international commodity prices. And we are also prepared to cope with such a situation. What we hope to see is that there will be a quicker global economic recovery and the global economy will regain its momentum of robust growth.

《中国日报》记者：近期我们注意到国际上有一种看法，认为中国已经成为世界上最大的经济体，一方面挑战了美国的领导地位，另一方面在很多国际事务上中国仍然在搭便车，请问您怎么看待这样的看法？此外，对于推进中美关系，我们也想听听您的想法。

China Daily: Some people conclude that China has become the number one economy in the world and now poses a challenge to the leadership status of the United States. But they also argue that China is still free riding in international affairs. What is your response to such a view and what are your views on advancing China-US ties?

李克强：首先，关于中国是不是最大的世界经济体。我在国外也经常听到这种说法，总是有被“忽悠”的感觉。因为按照国际权威统计，中国也就是世界第二大经济体。更重要的是，按人均GDP，我们是在世界80位以后。就在前不久的春节前，我去中国西部一个农村，连走两户人家。一家母子二人，住在四面透风的破瓦房里，儿子40多岁了，因为穷还没有娶上媳妇。再到另一家，好不容易出了一个大学生，但是他的妹妹为了让哥哥更好地念书，春节还在外面打工没有回家。我看了确实很心痛。这样的例子还很多，如果按照世界银行的标准，中国还有近2亿贫困人口，中国是实实在在的发展中国家。

Li Keqiang: The first part of your question is about whether China has become the largest economy in the world. I have heard such a view during overseas visits. But I always feel there are some elements of misleading exaggeration in it. According to those authoritative standards, China is still the second largest economy in the world and more importantly, our per capita GDP is still behind about 80 countries. Some time before this year’s Spring Festival I paid visits to places in China’s western region. I visited two rural homes. There are mother and a son in one family who live in a very shabby place where wind can easily be felt in the house. And because the family is so poor, the 40-year-old son has no money to get married. The other home has produced a college student. There is a boy and a girl in that family. To support her brother to go to college, the girl has to work in cities and even couldn’t come home for family reunion during Spring Festivals. It pains me deeply to see our people living in such distress. I’m sure there are many more such families in China. By the standard of the World Bank, we still have 200 million people living in poverty. So I can say that China is still a developing country in every sense of the term.

中国把自己的事办好，保持合理的发展，本身就是对世界巨大的贡献。而且中国还在越来越多地承担应尽的国际责任和义务。要说中国搭便车，这么大的块头搭谁的便车？中国是和大家一起推车。

China must manage its own affairs well and maintain development at a reasonable speed. That in itself is China’s major contribution to the world. Actually, China is assuming greater due international obligations and responsibilities. Talking about free-riding, for such a big country as ours, how could it get a free ride on anybody’s train? What China is doing is to work with other countries to pursue common progress.

中国以发展为第一要务，需要一个和平的国际环境。讲到中美关系，这是最大发展中国家和最大发达国家之间的关系。我们愿意构建不冲突、不对抗、相互尊重、合作共赢的新型大国关系。今年习近平主席将应邀对美国进行国事访问，相信会进一步推进中美关系的发展。

Development will remain the top priority for China and we need a peaceful international environment for us to focus on domestic development. When it comes to the China-US relationship, this is a relationship between the largest developing country and largest developed country in the world. We have proposed that China and the United States work together to build a new model of major country relations featuring no-conflict, no-confrontation, mutual respect, and win-win cooperation. This year, President Xi Jinping will pay a state visit to the United States at the invitation of his US counterpart. It will give a strong boost to China-US ties.

毋庸讳言，中美之间存有分歧，但更有广泛的共同利益。妥善处理分歧，可以着力扩大利益的交汇点。这里面有个很大的亮点，就是我们正在推进中美投资协定谈判，它是以准入前国民待遇和负面清单为基础的，这本身就是打破双边经贸合作的天花板，开辟发展的新空间。当然，谈判会有个过程，但它向中美、向世界发出了明确的信号，就是中美经贸关系会更加密切，这个中美关系的“压舱石”会更沉更稳。

Admittedly, there are differences between China and the United States, but what’s more important is that the two countries share extensive common interests. When differences are properly handled, the two sides can channel more energy into expanding the convergence of their interests. One highlight in the China-US relationship is that the two sides are advancing negotiations of a bilateral investment treaty (BIT), and the BIT is built around the pre-establishment national treatment and a negative list. This is to break the ceiling on China-US business cooperation and will open up new dimensions for the growth of China-US ties. Naturally the negotiation will take time, but it has already sent a very clear message to both countries and the wider international community that China-US business ties will get even closer and put the overall China-US relationship on a more solid footing.

香港《经济日报》记者：我的问题和香港民众关心的政改问题有关。现在距离政改投票越来越近了，但是中央领导人近期不断作出强硬的表态，这使很多人对政改方案通过并不乐观。您在今年的《政府工作报告》中首次提到要严格依照宪法和基本法办事，请问这是否意味着中央会进一步收紧对港政策？两地之间文化和经济交流等方面会不会受到影响？会不会增加一些变数？

Hong Kong Economic Times: My question is about the constitutional reform in Hong Kong, which is of keen interest to the people of Hong Kong. We are getting closer to the date of voting on the constitutional reform plan, but recently there have been some quite tough statements by the central leadership on this topic. This has made many people not optimistic about the prospect for the constitutional reform bill to be adopted. Also for the first time in the government work report, there is such wording that one needs to strictly comply with the Constitution and the Basic Law. Does this mean that the central government is tightening its policy towards Hong Kong and will that affect the relationship between the central government and the Hong Kong SAR and will that add more uncertainties to the cultural and business interactions between the two sides?

李克强：“一国两制”、“港人治港”、“澳人治澳”、高度自治，这是中国的一项基本国策。有人担心中央政府会不会收紧对香港的政策，这是不必要的。今年《政府工作报告》讲到，要严格依照宪法和基本法办事，本身就说明要一以贯之地把“一国两制”实施好、贯彻好。因为“一国两制”写进了宪法和基本法，宪法和基本法共同构成了特别行政区的宪制基础，基本法也规定了特别行政区实行的制度。“一国两制”是国家的意志和人民的意愿，不能随意改变。我说这些话，可能有些人听起来感觉到像是字斟句酌，因为你问了一个涉及法律的问题，我必须认真地回答。

Li Keqiang: It is China’s basic state policy to adhere to the principles of “one country, two systems”, “the people of Hong Kong governing Hong Kong”, “the people of Macao governing Macao” and both regions enjoying a high degree of autonomy. Some people are worried if the central government is tightening its policy towards Hong Kong. Such a worry is not necessary. It’s true that this year’s government work report said that one needs to strictly comply with the Constitution and the Basic Law. This actually shows our commitment to ensuring the consistent and full implementation of the “one country, two systems” principle. This principle has been written into the Constitution and the Basic Law of the Hong Kong SAR. They together form the constitutional basis of the Hong Kong SAR. The Basic Law has also provided for what system should be practiced in Hong Kong. The “one country, two systems” principle reflects the will of the country and the people, and cannot be changed at will. Some may feel that I am picking words in answering your question. This is because you asked a question that relates to the law, so I need to answer it with utmost seriousness.

中央政府会继续支持香港特别行政区政府和行政长官依法施政，也会继续加大对香港的支持力度，继续发挥香港在国家改革开放和现代化建设中的独特作用，使香港、内地在交流合作当中都更多受益，进一步深化经贸和文化交流，使两地民众都满意，增进两地人民的福祉。

The central government will continue to firmly support the government of the Hong Kong SAR and its chief executive in governing the region in accordance with law. And the central government will give stronger support to Hong Kong for it to play its unique role in China’s reform, opening-up and modernization drive. We hope that both the mainland and Hong Kong will benefit more from their exchanges and cooperation and people of both sides feel satisfied and see their wellbeing enhanced.

奥地利国家广播电视台记者：中国奉行什么样的外交政策，欧洲高度关注。我们看到，现在俄罗斯军队还在乌克兰。请问中国在这个问题上持什么样的立场？是否认为这违反国际法？几天前在俄罗斯国内电视媒体上，普京总统讲述了他当时是如何规划俄罗斯进入克里米亚这个行动的，中国现在视克里米亚是俄罗斯的一部分还是乌克兰的一部分？

Austrian Radio and Television: I have a question on foreign policy that is very burning for the Europeans: the continued presence of Russian troops on the territory of Ukraine. What is the position of China? Does China think that this corresponds to international law? A couple of days ago, Russian President Putin has mentioned on Russian television how he planned the invasion of Crimea. Is Crimea, for China, part of Russia now or is it still part of Ukraine?

李克强：中国始终奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。在乌克兰问题上一直保持着客观、公正的立场，我们尊重乌克兰的独立、主权和领土完整。前不久，我在欧洲同乌克兰总统会面，对他说了这段话。他问能不能对外公布？我说没问题，你可以把我的原话登到报纸上。同时，乌克兰问题给地缘政治确实带来了复杂性，尤其是影响了世界经济的复苏进程，我们还是希望这个问题能够通过对话、谈判、协商解决。至于克里米亚问题，成因比较复杂，我们同样希望能够用对话的方式政治解决。我们希望看到邻居之间都和睦相处，欧洲和其他国家共同发展、合作共赢的局面，这既有利于相关方，也有利于中国。

Li Keqiang: China follows an independent foreign policy of peace. On the issue of Ukraine, China has adopted an objective and just position. We respect Ukraine’s independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity. In my meeting with the President of Ukraine last year when I visited some European countries, I said the same words to him. He then asked me if he could make them public. I said no problem, use my words and publish them in the newspaper. The issue of Ukraine has added to the complexity of the geopolitical situation and had its impact on global economic recovery. We hope that there will be a negotiated settlement of this issue through dialogue. As for Crimea, there are complex causes behind this issue. We also hope to see a political settlement of through dialogue. We hope that there will be harmonious coexistence between neighbors. And we hope to see common development and win-win outcomes between Europe and other countries in the world. I believe that is in the interest of all relevant parties and China as well.

《人民日报》记者：您提到最近一次网购经历是在网上买书，我的问题与书有关。因为我们都知道《政府工作报告》要写的东西很多，每年都有变化，但是我们注意到连续两年把“全民阅读”写入了《政府工作报告》，我不知道您为什么对这件事那么看重？能否跟我们分享一下您的读书感受？

People’s Daily: Just now you mentioned that you bought books on the Internet. My question is related to books. We know that the government work report needs to cover a lot of ground. And each year there are some changes. But for two years in running, to encourage our people to read has been written into the government work report. I would like to know why do you care so deeply about this, and can you share with us your personal experience about reading?

李克强：我记得去年起草《政府工作报告》，我在听取各方意见的时候，不仅是文化界、出版界的人士，而且经济界和企业家都向我提出要支持全民阅读活动，报告要加上“全民阅读”的字样。而且还有人担忧，说现在我们国家民众每年的阅读量还不到有些国家人均的十分之一。这些建议让我深思，说明人们不仅在追求物质财富的增加，而且希望有更丰富的精神生活。

Li Keqiang: Last year, in drafting the government work report, I solicited views from representatives of various circles. And I found that not only people from the cultural and publishing sectors, but also those from the economic and business circles suggested that the government needs to further encourage a love of reading among all the people and should write this into its work report. They also said that they feel deeply concerned that the average per capita amount of reading in China is only about one tenth of that of some other countries in the world. What they said made me think deeply. I believe it shows our people not only want to pursue increase of material wealth, but also long for better nourishments of the mind.

书籍和阅读可以说是人类文明传承的主要载体。就我个人的经历来说，用闲暇时间来阅读是一种享受，也是拥有一种财富，可以说终身受益。我希望全民阅读能够形成一种氛围，无处不在。我们国家全民的阅读量能够逐年增加，这也是我们社会进步、文明程度提高的十分重要的标志。而且把阅读作为一种生活方式，把它与工作方式相结合，不仅会增加发展的创新力量，而且会增强社会的道德力量。这也就是为什么我两次把“全民阅读”这几个字写入《政府工作报告》的原因，明年还会继续。

Books and reading have been essential in carrying forward human civilizations. Reading is what I enjoy the most in my spare time. It makes me feel enriched. And reading has been the most rewarding experience in my life. I hope that all our people can foster a love of reading, and as our people’s amount of reading grows, I believe it is also an important symbol of social and cultural progress in China. I hope that more people can make reading a way of living, and find it very useful in work too. Reading can further unlock the potential of innovation and enhance civic morality. That is why I have, for two years running, written this into the government work report, and this will also be the case for next year’s government work report.

主持人宣布记者会结束后，有一位记者追问如何看待中缅边境最近发生的问题，李克强说，你问了一件让我感到痛心的事情。在中缅边界我方一侧，一些我国居民的生命和财产受到了损失，我首先要向遇难者表示深切哀悼，向其家属表示深切慰问。我国外交部、军方都向缅方提出了严正交涉。我们有责任也有能力坚决维护中缅边境的安全稳定，坚决保护我国人民的生命和财产安全。

After the moderator announced the end of the press conference, a journalist asked about how the Premier views the recent developments in the border areas between China and Myanmar. Premier Li Keqiang said: What happened there was deeply distressing. There was loss of life and property of Chinese residents in the China-Myanmar border areas. And I want to first express my deep condolences for the lost lives and sympathies to the bereaved families. The Chinese Foreign Ministry and the Chinese military have both made stern representations with Myanmar. And we have the responsibility and the capacity to firmly safeguard security and stability in the China-Myanmar border areas and firmly protect the life and property of our people.

记者会在人民大会堂三楼金色大厅举行，历时约2小时。参加采访的中外记者近900名。

The press conference, lasting some two hours, was held in the golden hall on the third floor of the Great Hall of the People. Nearly 900 Chinese and foreign journalists attended the press conference.