| 英语口译、笔译资料下载 深化对党的作风建设核心问题的认识 The Core
Issue in Improving the Conduct of the CPC
李景田 Li Jingtian
开展党的群众路线教育实践活动，是以习近平同志为总书记的党中央加强党的作风建设、推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业的一项重大部署。中央政治局率先垂范、以身作则，带头开展群众路线教育实践活动，召开专门会议，总结检查八项规定的落实情况，分析存在问题，开展批评和自我批评，研究提出进一步加强作风建设的措施，为全党作出了表率，立下了标杆。我们要以此为激励，进一步深刻认识、全面把握密切党群关系与党的作风建设的本质联系，进一步增强改进作风、保持党同人民群众血肉联系的自觉性，以作风建设的新成效凝聚起全面建成小康社会和实现中华民族伟大复兴的强大力量。
The launching of activities to
study and practice the Party’s mass line represents a major initiative that the
Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), with Xi Jinping as
General Secretary, has undertaken in order to improve the conduct of the Party and
promote the great cause of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The
Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee has led the way in this regard.
Through the convening of special meetings, the Political Bureau has inspected
the implementation of the “eight-point code of conduct,” which pertains to
curbing bureaucratic practices and maintaining close ties with the people;
analyzed problems; engaged in criticism and self-criticism; and formulated
measures to further improve Party conduct. In doing so, the Political Bureau
has set a fine example for the entire Party to follow. Taking this as a source
of encouragement, we need to deepen our understanding of the inherent
relationship that exists between maintaining close ties with the people and
improving the conduct of the Party, and work more conscientiously to improve
our conduct and preserve our close ties with the people. By making new
achievements in the improvement of conduct, we will be able to rally strong
momentum behind our efforts to build a moderately prosperous society in all
respects and achieve the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
一、密切党与人民群众的血肉联系是作风建设的核心问题 I.
Maintaining close ties between the Party and the people is the core issue in
improving the conduct of the Party
我们党是一个伟大光荣正确的党，是一个创造无数奇迹的党。“问渠哪得清如许，为有源头活水来。”当我们翻开历史的壮丽画卷，为党所取得的辉煌成就而骄傲的同时，不禁会思考：党的生机与活力来自哪里？是什么因素使得党能够历经风雨而更加坚强？答案就在于，我们党能够始终清醒认识自己与人民群众的关系，把人民群众视为党的“生命之本”和“力量之源”，始终高度重视人民群众的主体地位和作用，形成了以密切联系群众为核心的作风建设的传统和优势，从而不断提高党对人民群众的凝聚力、向心力、吸引力，获得了不竭的动力和制胜的法宝。
As a great, glorious, and correct
party, the Communist Party of China has created countless miracles. Looking
back over its glorious history, we cannot help but be proud of what the Party
has achieved. At the same time, however, we are also compelled to consider
where the vigor of the Party has come from, and what has allowed the Party to
become even stronger despite the trials and tribulations that it has endured.
The answer is that our Party has always been fully clear on its relationship
with the people, who it regards as its lifeline and source of strength. Laying
great emphasis on the principal role of the people in the country, the Party
has cultivated the advantageous tradition of making efforts to improve its
conduct, the core aspect of which is to maintain close links with the people. This
has given the Party greater appeal and made it more capable of bringing the
people together, which in turn has provided it with an endless source of
impetus and a powerful tool for claiming success.
我们党在长期的革命、建设和改革实践中，形成了理论联系实际、密切联系群众、批评与自我批评以及谦虚谨慎、艰苦奋斗等一系列优良作风。密切党与人民群众的血肉联系，在我们党的整个作风建设中始终处于核心地位。作风是立场和世界观在实践活动中的体现，有什么样的立场和世界观就有什么样的作风。马克思主义以彻底的唯物史观而区别于以往所有的唯心史观，充分肯定人民群众在人类社会历史发展中的作用，始终以实现和维护最广大人民群众的根本利益为己任。马克思恩格斯在《共产党宣言》中指出：共产党人“没有任何同整个无产阶级的利益不同的利益”。我们党坚持人民创造历史这一马克思主义立场和世界观，视人民群众为根基和血脉，视群众路线为生命线和根本工作路线，努力把为了人民、依靠人民的崇高价值追求付诸实践，不断铸造中国共产党人的优良作风。因此，从根本上说，抓作风就是抓对待人民群众的态度问题，就是要解决好立党为谁、执政为谁的问题。
Throughout the course of its
long-term efforts to lead China’s revolution, construction, and reform, the
Party has cultivated a number of fine traditions, such as closely linking
theory with practice, maintaining close ties with the people, criticism and
self-criticism, and being modest, prudent, and hardworking. Maintaining close
ties with the people has always been at the center of the Party’s efforts to
improve its conduct. Conduct can be understood as the manifestation of one’s
standpoint and worldview in practice. As such, one’s conduct is very much a product
of one’s standpoint and worldview. Distinguishing itself from old notions of
historical idealism through its total embracement of historical materialism,
Marxism fully acknowledges the role of the masses in the development of human
society and history, and strives to realize and safeguard the fundamental
interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. Our Party upholds the
Marxist position and worldview that the people are the creators of history,
viewing the people as its foundation and lifeblood, and the mass line as its
lifeline and the fundamental approach to its work. It strives to put into
practice the lofty values of working for the people and drawing strength from
the people, and makes constant efforts to forge the fine conduct of Party members.
Fundamentally speaking, improving conduct boils down to ensuring that the Party
has the right attitude towards the people. This means that we must be clear on
who the Party was founded for and who it governs for.
密切党与人民群众的血肉联系之所以是党的作风建设的核心问题，还因为党的作风建设的所有方面，都同党是否密切联系群众紧密相关。解放思想、实事求是、求真务实是我们党的思想路线和思想作风，其源泉则是广大人民群众的伟大实践。人民群众是社会实践的主体。脱离了人民群众，高高在上，也就脱离了最有生命力的实践，难免会犯教条主义或经验主义的主观主义错误。批评与自我批评的优良作风，就是要为人民的利益坚持好的、为人民的利益改正错误的作风。谦虚谨慎、艰苦奋斗的作风，就是要为最广大人民的根本利益而不懈奋斗的作风。当前我们党的作风所存在的突出问题，归根到底都是源于脱离群众、违背群众利益。群众反映强烈的形式主义、官僚主义问题之所以存在，就是因为一些人心中没有群众，脱离群众，不关心群众疾苦，不解决群众遇到的问题，甚至把自己置于人民群众之上，当官做老爷，只做表面文章、官样文章。享乐主义、奢靡之风等问题的出现和蔓延，反映的也是一部分领导干部的群众意识和宗旨观念淡薄，个人利益至上，背离了全心全意为人民服务的宗旨，甚至站到了人民群众的对立面。因此，加强和改进党的作风，从根本上说，就是要解决党和群众关系中存在的问题，更好地贯彻党的群众路线，保持党同人民群众的血肉联系。
All initiatives to improve
conduct pertain directly to whether or not the Party is maintaining its close
ties with the people. This is another reason why we regard the preservation of
these close ties as the core issue in our initiatives to improve conduct.
Freeing the mind, seeking truth from facts, and being realistic and pragmatic
constitute our Party’s ideological line and way of thinking. The roots of this
way of thinking are found in the great social practice of the people, who are
the primary actors in society. However, if we place ourselves above the people,
and if we become distanced from them, we will in fact be distancing ourselves
from the greatest source of vigor in society. Should this happen, we will be
unable to avoid subjective mistakes such as dogmatism and empiricism. Our fine
tradition of criticism and self-criticism is about carrying forward good
practices and rooting out bad ones for the good of the people. Being modest,
prudent, and hardworking means engaging in tireless endeavors for the
fundamental interests of the overwhelming majority of the people. Fundamentally
speaking, the most outstanding problems with regard to conduct at present are
all the result of Party members becoming detached from the people and violating
their interests. Formalism and bureaucratism, both of which have been the cause
of strong public reactions, are the result of a lack of regard for the people
among some Party members. These Party members have become detached from the
people, turning a blind eye to their hardships, and failing to resolve the
difficulties that they face. They even see themselves as being above the
people, thinking that being an official is about being the man in charge, and
caring only about putting on appearances. The emergence and spread of unhealthy
tendencies such as hedonism and the pursuit of extravagant lifestyles reflects
the fact that some leading cadres lack awareness of the interests of the people
and the purpose of the Party. These people put their personal interests above
everything else, not only deviating from their purpose of serving the people,
but even placing themselves in opposition to them. Therefore, improving the
conduct of the Party is fundamentally a matter of addressing problems in the
relationship between the Party and the people, better implementing the Party’s
mass line, and maintaining close ties between the Party and the people.
二、以密切党群关系为核心的作风建设不是一劳永逸的 II.
Improving the conduct of the Party is an ongoing effort
中国共产党一贯重视以密切党群关系为核心的作风建设。以毛泽东同志为代表的共产党人，在井冈山时期，就特别注意在实际工作中坚持“革命成功，尽在民众”的观点，教育党员干部“深刻地注意群众生活的问题”。在延安时期，我们党成功进行了延安整风，培育并形成了党的三大优良作风。在革命战争年代，党的事业在艰难困苦中星火燎原，根本原因就是我们党高度重视并不断加强作风建设，以作风建设的成效保证了党的宗旨的实现，使我们党得到了最广大人民群众的拥护，凝聚了最广大人民群众的无穷伟力。抗战时期，美国军事观察组来华考察后，得出一个结论：国民党占有着大片的土地，而共产党则占有大片的人心。我们正是发挥了密切联系群众、“得民心”的政治优势，最终夺取了新民主主义革命的胜利，建立了新中国。
The CPC has always placed a
strong emphasis on the cultivation of fine conduct with a view to maintaining
the close ties between the Party and the people. During the Jinggang Mountains
era, the Chinese Communists, with Mao Zedong as their representative laid
particular emphasis on the view that “a successful revolution depends on the
people,” asking Party members and cadres to “pay close attention to the
well-being of the masses” in their daily work. During the Yan’an era, the Party
successfully carried out a rectification movement, which helped to cultivate
the Party’s three finest forms of conduct. During the revolutionary war years,
the Party’s cause was able to spread like a raging fire despite the
difficulties and hardships of that time. Above all else, this was made possible
by the great significance that the Party attached to cultivating good conduct
and by the constant efforts that it made in this regard. The progress that the
Party made in refining its conduct was able to ensure the realization of the
Party’s purpose. In turn, this gave the Party the support of the majority, and
the endless force that the majority represented. During the War of Resistance
Against Japanese Aggression, an investigation conducted by a U.S. military
observer group concluded that though the Kuomintang government controlled most
of China’s land, the CPC had the support of most of the people. By fully
exerting its political advantage of maintaining close ties with the people to
win their support, the Party ultimately succeeded in the new-democratic
revolution and founded the People’s Republic of China.
新中国建立初期，为经受住执政考验，中国共产党坚决地反贪污、反浪费、反官僚主义，对极其严重的腐化分子，如刘青山、张子善，采取了坚决果断的措施。改革开放以来，以邓小平同志、江泽民同志、胡锦涛同志为代表的中国共产党人始终高度重视作风建设，从打击经济领域中严重犯罪、纠正不正之风、反对领导干部特殊化、脱离群众，倡导高级干部要带头发扬党的优良传统，到后来开展整党、“三讲”教育、保持共产党员先进性教育、深入学习实践科学发展观、创先争优活动，党的思想作风、学风、工作作风、领导作风、干部生活作风不断改进。正是通过不断加强作风建设，充分发挥了我们的密切联系群众、“得民心”的政治优势，我们党才取得了社会主义革命、建设和改革开放的一系列伟大成就。
In the early days of the People’s
Republic of China, the CPC launched a resolute struggle against corruption,
waste, and bureaucratic practices, and took firm, determined measures to punish
extremely serious degenerates such as Liu Qingshan and Zhang Zishan in a bid to
secure the position of the new government. Since the launch of the reform and
opening up drive, Chinese Communists represented by Deng Xiaoping, Jiang Zemin,
and Hu Jintao have paid close attention to the improvement of conduct, working
to crack down on economic crimes, correct malpractices, and prevent leading
cadres from seeking personal privileges and becoming detached from the people
whilst encouraging senior cadres to play a leading role in carrying forward the
fine traditions of the Party. Through initiatives such as launching a
party-wide rectification campaign, stressing the importance of study, politics,
and integrity among leading cadres, urging Party members to preserve their
advanced nature, requiring in-depth study and implementation of the Scientific Outlook on Development, and
organizing a campaign to foster progressiveness and excellence among Party
members, the Party has constantly improved its styles of work, study, thinking,
and leadership in addition to constantly improving the personal conduct of its
cadres. It has been by constantly improving its conduct and fully exerting its
political advantage of maintaining close ties with the people to win their
support that our Party has achieved a series of great accomplishments
throughout China’s socialist revolution, socialist construction, and reform and
opening up.
简要的历史回顾告诉我们，以密切党与人民群众的血肉联系为核心的党的作风建设，是我们党的成功之道和政治优势。同时，历史也告诉我们，党的政治优势与执政地位一样，不是与生俱来，也不是一劳永逸的。过去拥有不等于现在拥有，现在拥有不等于永远拥有。只有持续地加强党的作风建设，才能不断地保持自己的政治优势、提升自己的政治优势，从而为改革开放和社会主义现代化建设顺利推进提供重要保障。
Looking back briefly over our
history, we can see how our efforts to improve Party conduct, which revolve
around maintaining close ties with the people, have constituted a political
advantage of our Party and one of the secrets to its success. However, history
has also demonstrated that the Party’s political advantages, like its governing
position, cannot be taken for granted as something that will last forever. The
fact that we had these advantages in the past does not necessarily mean that we
have them today; and the fact that we have them today does not necessarily mean
that we will continue to have them in the future. Only by constantly improving
the conduct of the Party will we be able to hold on to our political advantages
and enhance them on a constant basis. In turn, this will provide us with a
strong supporting foundation as we work to promote the sound progression of the
reform and opening up drive and our socialist modernization.
当前，从总体上看，我们党的政治优势是强的，广大党员、干部在改革发展稳定各项工作中冲锋陷阵、忘我奉献，发挥了先锋模范作用，赢得了广大人民群众的肯定和拥护。同时，我们必须看到，面对世情、国情、党情的深刻变化，精神懈怠危险、能力不足危险、脱离群众危险、消极腐败危险更加尖锐地摆在全党面前，党内脱离群众的现象大量存在，一些问题还相当严重，集中表现在形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风这“四风”上。如果任其发展下去，就会像一座无形的墙把我们党和群众隔开，我们党就会失去根基、失去血脉、失去力量。我们要致力于实现党的十八大提出的“两个一百年”的奋斗目标，实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，就必须加强党的作风建设，解决好这些问题，最大限度发挥好党密切联系群众的独特优势，舍此别无他途。
Generally speaking, our Party
boasts strong political advantages at present. Our large numbers of Party
members and cadres have assumed a leading role, devoting themselves selflessly
to various tasks aimed at promoting reform and development and maintaining
stability. By fully demonstrating their exemplary vanguard role, they have won
the support of the majority of the people. However, we must realize that as
global conditions, national conditions, and the conditions within our Party
undergo profound changes, the entire Party is increasingly facing the dangers
of lacking in drive and ability, being out of touch with the people, and
corruption. In particular, instances of Party members being out of touch with
the people have become commonplace. Some of these problems are highly severe,
particularly formalism, bureaucratism, hedonism, and extravagance. If allowed
to go unchecked, these tendencies will become a barrier that divides the Party
from the people, causing the Party to lose its foundation, lifeline, and strength.
The report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC set out the goals of
building a moderately prosperous society in all respects by the centennial of
the Communist Party of China in 2021, and establishing China as a modern
socialist country that is prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally advanced
and harmonious by the time the People’s Republic of China marks its centennial
in 2049. In order to realize these two goals, and achieve the great
rejuvenation of the Chinese nation, we must further improve the conduct of the
Party, address the above-mentioned problems, and give full play to our Party’s
unique advantage of maintaining close ties with the people. This is our only
choice.
正因为如此，党的十八大以来，新一届中央领导集体以更大的力度抓作风建设。党中央把贯彻落实八项规定作为加强干部作风建设的切入点和突破口，并以此推动作风方面深层次问题的解决。八项规定的制定并落实，有力遏制了迎来送往、文山会海、铺张浪费等不良现象，促进了党风政风转变，带动了社会风气好转，明显提高了党在人民群众中的威信。当前正在全党深入开展的群众路线教育实践活动，必将对进一步加强党的作风建设，保持党的先进性和纯洁性，巩固党的执政基础和执政地位，对全面建成小康社会、推进中国特色社会主义事业，产生重大而深远的影响。
This is the reason why the new
central leadership has devoted even greater efforts to improving the Party’s
conduct since the conclusion of the Party’s Eighteenth National Congress. The
CPC Central Committee has identified the implementation of the “eight-point
code of conduct” as a point of breakthrough for efforts to improve the conduct
of cadres, and also as a means of promoting the resolution of deep-rooted
problems regarding conduct within the Party. The formulation and implementation
of the “eight-point code of conduct” has effectively curbed frivolous
receptions, pointless meetings and documents, and various forms of waste and
extravagance. In addition to promoting improvements in the Party’s conduct and
governance, these efforts have also helped to bring about a cleaner social
atmosphere. As a result, the prestige of the Party in the eyes of the people
has been significantly enhanced. The intensive activities to study and practice
the Party’s mass line that are being carried out throughout the Party at
present will undoubtedly exert a profound and far-reaching influence not only
on our efforts to further improve the conduct of the Party, maintain its
advanced nature and purity, and consolidate its governing foundation and
position, but also on our efforts to build a moderately prosperous society in
all respects and promote socialism with Chinese characteristics. |
