Q: We’ve seen these investments.
Do you think they have made a difference in how the world viewing China’s
investment in Africa? Since CCTV and other Chinese media are expanding in
Africa, do you see the perception of China changing?
问：这项投资是否改变了外界对中国在非投资的看法？央视等中国媒体在非洲发展是否改变了中国形象？
A: There are some changes, but
still more needs to be done and there is a long way to go. The good part is
that this has enabled African people and people around the world to have
better, more objective and more comprehensive understanding of what’s going on.
This offers the public and audience more choices, making the media more democratic.
答：有一些成效。但是还有很多工作要做、很长的路要走，好处是可以让非洲及世界人民更好、更客观、更全面地来了解发生的一切，让各国的读者、观众有更多的选择，也是媒体民主化的发展。
Q: I want to touch on the
economic and commercial aspect of China-Africa relations. One thing China did
very well in the 1990s, when I was there, is the training of its workers, to
bring the people off the farms into factories and to train them to give them
skills. So you have a whole generation of nongmin became gongren. This is a
very virtuous cycle of economic development, because you have people coming to
cities and sending their salaries to their parents and relatives back in the
countryside. Africa is struggling to industrialize. And people often complain
about a skills gap that workers don’t have enough skills to compete with Asian
countries, particularly China. And one of the criticisms of China in Africa is
that it has brought a lot of workers over to its factories. When I sat with
Ambassador ZHONG Jianhua, he said that was the past and he mentioned Hisense,
not only opening factories but also training locals. I want to follow up and I
am wondering it is only Hisense or there is a new emphasis that Chinese
companies coming to Africa also finding ways to opening training centers?
问：我之前曾在中国工作，90年代中国的一项成就就是对农业人口进行培训、提供就业，让一代农民成为工人，实现经济发展的良性循环，进城务工人口将工资又寄回农村老家。当前非洲正在推进工业化发展，但很多人说非洲工人技能不够，不能和亚洲、尤其是中国工人竞争。中国也常被指责使用自己的工人。而此前我采访前任驻南非大使钟建华时他曾提到，中国重视培训当地员工，还举了海信南非公司为例，说他们一直在培训南非当地工人。请问海信是否现在仍然在培训当地员工？海信是否只是一个个例？
A: This is a very important
question. China-Africa cooperation is all-rounded and comprehensive, covers a
wide range of areas. China and Africa are good friends, good partners, and good
brothers. We sincerely wish for better developments for Africa. We ask
ourselves, that are the most needed if Africa is to develop well? I think the
following are of key importance: infrastructure construction,
industrialization, rural development and human resources training. China and
Africa have had much cooperation in these key areas. For example, in
infrastructure construction, according to our preliminary statistics, around
half of the infrastructure projects undergoing now in Africa are carried out by
Chinese companies. We also have much cooperation in industrialization and rural
development and I will not elaborate this time. I will mainly focus on the
training area. I’ve mentioned that we believe that giving the fish is
important, but what’s more important is to teach them how to fish. This is our
policy, and we aim to enhance Africa’s ability to develop by itself. We
therefore have a tailored plan to train Africa’s personnel. During the fifth
FOCAC in 2012, we have proposed five key areas of assistance to and cooperation
with Africa, one of which is the training of personnel. The FOCAC is held every
3 years and the next will be in South Africa next year. Just now I’ve mentioned
from the period 2012-2015, we will help Africa train 30,000 personnel of
different kinds and offer 18,000 government scholarships. As for South Africa,
every year we provide more than 60 government scholarships, and organize
seminars according to the requirements of South Africa, for example on the
experience of running special economic zones and textile skills. We’ve set up
agricultural technology demonstration centers in Bloemfontein in Free State to
exchange skills and expertise on growing vegetables, promoting aquiculture and
pursuing agricultural development. We’ve also sent agricultural professors to
Kwazulu-Natal to set up mushroom research and farming center and benefited more
than 50,000 local farmer households.
答：你的问题非常重要。中非合作是全方位的、立体的，中非是好朋友、好伙伴、好兄弟。我们真诚希望非洲发展得越来越好。要想非洲发展得好，最需要什么？我认为有几个最关键的领域：基础设施、工业化、
农业发展和人力资源培训。中非在这些关键领域进行了很多合作。据不完全统计，非洲大陆目前近一半基础设施工程是中国公司承建。关于工业化和农业发展方面的合作我就不再展开了。我想重点谈一下人力资源培训合作。之前我也说到，我们的政策是“授人以鱼、更重要的是授人以渔”，帮助非洲国家提高自主发展能力。所以我们专门有一个帮助非洲进行人才培养的计划。2012年中非合作论坛第五届部长级会议上我们提出五大领域一系列新的合作政策，其中一个就是人才培养。因为合作论坛每三年一次，2015年第六届将在南非召开。在这三年里，我们要帮助非洲培养3万名各类人才，提供18000名政府奖学金。就南非而言，我们每年提供60多个政府奖学金，并且根据南非需求，我们为南非举办像经济特区经验培训班、纺织技能培训班等课程。在自由州建立了农业技术示范中心，来交流种植蔬菜、水产养殖、农业发展方面的技术技能。同时我们派了农学教授在夸祖鲁纳塔尔省建立蘑菇种植示范中心，有5万多户农民受益。在南非的中国企业在培训方面工作做得也有声有色，效果很好。
Chinese companies are also doing
well in training their local staff. You’ve mentioned Hisense. It has not only
set up an industrial park in Western Cape, but also a R&D and training
center and has trained many locals. Chinese companies like Huawei and ZTE have
both set up local training centers. The China South Rail got the contract of 95
locomotives. At the same time, it has been training local technicians and up to
now more than 120 locals have completed the training. South Africa is also
famous for production of diamond and jewelry. China is helping South Africa to
train people in the jewelry industry and the first seminar has been completed
last year.
海信在西开普省建立了工业园区和研发和培训中心，培养一大批人才。华为、中兴也在南非设立了培训中心，培养当地技术人才。中国南车集团拿到95台机车订单后，也在培训南非技术人员，已经培训了120多名。南非是钻石、珠宝产业基地，中国也为南非培养珠宝产业方面人才，第一期去年已经结束了。
I’m glad that you’ve noticed that
Chinese companies in South Africa are pushing forward localization. Take
Sinosteel for example. It has relatively large investment in South Africa and
has long been operating in South Africa for more than 20 years. Among the
current more than 4000 employees, only 15 management people are from China. The
rest are all locals. The same with Hisense. The same with the Import &
Export Bank of China and the Bank of China. Most of their employees are locals.
Recently I had a meeting with the heads of Chinese companies in South Africa,
and they all believe that localization is a good experience. The companies
create local jobs, train local people, and do everything possible to pay back
to local communities, contributing to social and economic development of South
Africa. I was told that localization is really good for their business, because
for local people, whether at the management level or being an ordinary worker,
they know local situation and they make the company’s local business more
smooth. Training is important to both Africa and China, and China is willing to
share some of our good experience with African countries, and help Africa train
more talent. However, training is only part of China-Africa cooperation. In the
future, we will act according to the needs of African countries and people, and
offer our assistance, and through this, bring the people from China and Africa
together to realize our dreams .
我非常高兴你注意到，中国在南企业正在大力推进本地化经营。比如中钢集团，它在南非有较大的投资，在南经营20多年，员工4000多人，只有15个管理人员来自国内，其他都是当地人。海信同样如此。包括进出口银行、中行，它们的员工基本都是当地人。我最近刚刚和中国在南企业的老总们进行了座谈，他们都认为本地化经营是个很好的经验，有利于解决当地就业，有利于公司业务开展，所以我们的公司通过本地化经营，在自身的发展过程中，既为当地解决就业、培训人才、也通过各种形式回报当地社会，帮助南非社会经济发展。这些中国公司经理们认为，本地化对他们的经营有很大好处，从管理层到工作人员，当地人熟悉情况，对公司业务的开展也很有利。人才的培养对非洲、对中国都很重要，我们有一些很好的经验愿意同非洲国家分享，也愿意帮助非洲国家培养更多人才。但是人力资源培训只是中非合作的一部分，今后我们会根据非洲国家和人民的需要，尽我们的努力来提供帮助，通过这种方式，使中国和非洲人民可以共同为了我们的梦想而奋斗。
Q: Just to clarify on the last
part. Is the interaction between the Chinese government and Chinese companies
more than an informal conversation? Does the Chinese government provide
incentives, any policy incentives or tax incentives for Chinese companies to do
training centers in South Africa and other African countries?
问：中国政府是否出台政策、财税激励措施鼓励中国企业培训当地员工？
A: Training programs come in two
categories. One is the training courses between governments. The other is the
training of local staff by companies. The Chinese government hopes and supports
companies to training the workers. Our policy is to help African people, to
share with them “how to fish” to improve their ability of self-development.
答：这个问题包括两部分：政府层面培训及企业对当地员工的培训。对于企业培训，中国政府希望、支持它们这么做，我们的政策就是帮助非洲人民、“授人以渔”以提高其自我发展能力。
Q: I want to also ask about Prime
Minister Abe’s recent trip to Africa. It is a concern for China to have the
Prime Minister here, someone that you object, and now trying to improve ties
with African countries? Do you see it as a threat?
问：日本首相安倍最近对非洲进行了访问，中国是否感到担忧？是否认为是一种威胁？
A: China and Africa are sincere
friends, partners and good brothers. We sincerely wish for better developments
of Africa. We hope China-Africa relationship can be even better, Africa’s
relationship with other countries can be better, and we hope more countries
could engage in greater efforts to benefit African countries and people, and do
more things to promote economic and social development, safeguard peace and
security and improve people’s wellbeing of Africa. I’ve noticed that Mr. Abe
has made many promises during the visit. We will see how he implements all
these measure. During his visit, Mr. Abe said that China assists Africa only
for its market and resources. I think this is very unprofessional, and absurd.
I’ll not elaborate as I’ve already shared with you many things about
China-Africa cooperation.
答：我们和非洲是真诚的朋友、伙伴，好兄弟，我们真诚的希望非洲发展得越来越好，中非关系越来越好，非洲和其他国家关系也越来越好，希望其他国家多做有利于非洲国家和人民利益的事情，多做有利于非洲社会经济发展、维护和平与安全、改善民生的事。日本首相此行做出很多承诺。我们对他的落实情况拭目以待。安倍访非期间说，中国对非援助只是为了夺取非洲市场和资源，我认为这是非常不专业的，也是非常荒唐的。具体我已谈过，不再展开。 |
