马朝旭大使：维护南海的和平与稳定（中英对照）

中文版：驻澳大利亚大使马朝旭就南海问题发表署名文章.doc

英文版：Maintaining Peace and Stability in the South China Sea.doc

注：中英文版本并非逐一对应。

2015年5月26日，驻澳大利亚大使马朝旭在澳主流媒体《西澳人报》发表题为《维护南海的和平与稳定》的署名文章。全文如下：

 

On May 26, 2015, The West Australian published a signed article titled ‘Maintaining Peace and Stability in the South China Sea’ by Chinese ambassador MA Zhaoxu. The full text is as follows:

 

维护南海的和平与稳定

Maintaining Peace and Stability in the South China Sea

 

中国对南沙群岛及其附近海域拥有无可争辩的主权，并有充分的历史和法理依据。

 

It is China’s long-standing position that it has indisputable sovereignty over the South China Sea Islands and their adjacent waters.

 

中国是最早发现、命名并最早开发经营南沙岛群岛的国家，也是最早并持续对南沙群岛行使主权管辖的国家。根据史料记载，中国对这些岛礁的发现最早可追溯至东汉时期（公元23年至220年）。二战结束后，中国政府从日本手中实地接收了战争期间被其侵占的南沙群岛，并在相关岛礁上树立了主权标志，举行了接收仪式和派兵驻守。

 

And China has a solid historical and legal basis for that.

 

The Chinese were the first to discover and develop the islands.

 

The discovery of the islands by the Chinese people can be traced back to as early as the Han Dynasty between 23 and 220 AD, as documented by ancient books of that time.

 

The Chinese Government was the first to exercise sovereignty and jurisdiction over the islands, which came under Chinese jurisdiction from the Yuan Dynasty between 1271 and 1368 AD. After World War II, China took over the archipelagoes invaded and occupied by Japan during the war, and erected on them marks of sovereignty.

 

上世纪70年代初以前，没有任何国家质疑中国对南沙群岛的主权，南海局势是平静的。然而此后，一些沿海国开始非法侵占中国南沙岛礁。南海问题的核心，是南海周边一些国家非法侵占中国南沙群岛部分岛礁引发的南沙领土争议和南海部分海域的海洋权益主张重叠问题。

 

Before the 1970s, no country had ever disputed China’s sovereignty over the islands. However, since the 1970s, some coastal countries have illegally occupied some of China’s islands and reefs. This is the crux and root of the South China Sea disputes between China and other countries.

 

中国政府对南沙部分驻守岛礁进行的相关建设完全是中方主权范围内的事，合法、合理、合情，不影响也不针对任何国家。有关建设主要有三个目的：一是改善驻岛人员的生活和工作条件，二是更好履行海上搜寻与救助、防灾减灾、生态环境保护等国际责任和义务，三是在航行安全、海洋科研、气象观察、渔业生产等方面更好地提供国际公共服务。需要强调的是，南沙群岛是中国领土，中国有权在相关岛礁上部署必要的军事防御设施。但岛礁上设施的功能更多地还是为各类民事需求服务。

 

China’s construction work on some of the islands and reefs has recently attracted much media limelight. However, China has every right to do so since it falls entirely within China’s sovereignty and is completely lawful, reasonable and justified.

 

The construction is carried out mainly for three purposes: improving the living and working conditions of people stationed there; better performing China’s international responsibility and obligation in maritime search and rescue, disaster prevention and mitigation, environmental protection; and better providing international public good such as navigation safety, marine science and research, meteorological observation and fishery production.

 

In short, after the construction, the islands and reefs will be able to provide all-round and comprehensive services to meet various civilian demands besides satisfying the need for necessary defence purposes.

 

中国不是第一个、更不是唯一在南沙岛礁上进行建设的国家。长期以来，一些国家纷纷在非法侵占的岛礁上进行大规模的扩建工程，修建大量固定设施，包括机场、码头、直升机场、办公场所、军营、宾馆和灯塔，并部署导弹、榴弹炮、加农炮等攻击性武器。

 

China was not the first or only country to carry out construction on the islands.

 

Over the years, some countries have carried out large-scale land reclamation and construction on disputed islands, building fixed facilities such as airports, harbour basins, helipads, office buildings, barracks, hotels and lighthouses as well as deploying offensive weapons like missiles, artillery guns and cannons.

 

南海的航行自由从来不是问题。南海是中国对外贸易和能源进口的重要运输通道，保障南海航行自由与安全对中国同样十分重要。中国一贯坚持各国依国际法在南海享有的航行自由应得到保障。中国并在这一原则指导下，积极参与地区海上安全合作。中国维护在南海的主权和海洋权益，从未、将来也不会影响这一海域的航行自由。

 

It is in China’s interest to maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea, because it is not only a well-known international sea lane, but also an important route for China’s foreign trade and energy import.

 

Despite the disputes, freedom of navigation in the South China Sea has never been a problem.

 

China has always maintained that navigation freedom in the South China Sea enjoyed by all countries based on international law should be guaranteed. Guided by this principle, China has actively participated in regional maritime safety co-operation.

 

Its efforts to uphold sovereignty and maritime rights in the South China Sea have not affected and will not affect freedom of navigation in that part of the sea in any way.

 

中国在南海捍卫领土主权的决心是坚定的。中国主张有关争议应由直接当事国在尊重历史和国际法基础上通过谈判和协商解决，南海的和平稳定由中国同东盟国家共同维护。令人鼓舞的是，中国正就全面落实2002年签署的《南海各方行为宣言》（DOC）、制定“南海行为准则”（COC）同东盟国家开展磋商，并取得积极成果。

 

China’s determination to safeguard its sovereignty and territorial integrity in the South China Sea is firm.

 

On the other hand, China believes that disputes should be resolved through negotiation and consultation between parties directly concerned on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law, and China and ASEAN member states should work together to maintain peace and stability in the South China Sea.

 

It is encouraging that positive outcomes have been achieved in the consultations between China and ASEAN countries regarding fully implementing the Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea (DOC) signed in 2002 and formulating a Code of Conduct in the South China Sea (COC).

 

中国将继续倡导有关各方共同努力全面实施DOC，认真管控分歧，推进海上务实合作，将南海建设成和平之海、合作之海和友谊之海。

 

China will continue to call on all parties to make concerted efforts for the full implementation of the DOC, careful management of frictions and practical co-operation on the sea, so that the South China Sea could become a sea of peace, co-operation and friendship.