Ladies and gentlemen,
女士们，先生们，
The debate on the place of health
in the post-2015 development agenda continues to intensify. The Millennium
Development Goals strongly influenced resource flows. Competition among
multiple sectors for a place in the new agenda is fierce – very fierce.
关于卫生在2015年之后的发展议程中所处地位的辩论越来越激烈。千年发展目标对资源的流动产生了很强的影响。众多部门之间在新的议程中争夺地位的竞争很激烈，非常激烈。
I ask Member States to do
everything they can to ensure that health occupies a high place on the new
development agenda.
我要求会员国尽一切力量确保卫生在新的发展议程中占据优先地位。
Health contributes to and
benefits from sustainable development and is a measurable indicator of the
success of all other development policies. Investing in the health of people is
a smart strategy for poverty alleviation. This calls for inclusion of
noncommunicable diseases and for continued efforts to reach the health-related
MDGs after 2015.
卫生有助于并受益于可持续发展，而且是所有其它发展政策成功与否的一种可衡量的指标。投资于人民的健康是缓解贫穷的明智战略。其中需要包括非传染性疾病，并需要不断努力争取在2015年之后达到与卫生相关的千年发展目标。
At the same time, I want to
assure you that efforts to reach the health-related Millennium Development
Goals have accelerated during these last thousand days.
与此同时，我可以明确地告诉你们，在这最后的一千天内，已加快努力达到与卫生相关的千年发展目标。
This is especially true for
women’s and children’s health, and this is especially encouraging. Accelerating
efforts to reach these two goals means accelerating efforts to overcome some
very long-standing barriers to service delivery.
在妇幼卫生方面尤其是这样，这特别令人鼓舞。加快达到这两方面目标的努力，意味着加快努力克服服务提供方面的一些长期存在的障碍。
A new Integrated global action
plan for the prevention and control of pneumonia and diarrhoea was released by
WHO and UNICEF last month. The plan focuses on the use of 15 highly effective
interventions. Each one can save lives. When the 15 are put to work together,
this is powerhouse that can revolutionize child survival.
上个月，世卫组织和联合国儿童基金会发表了预防和控制肺炎与腹泻的全球综合性新行动计划。该计划注重于使用15种高度有效的干预措施。每种措施都可拯救生命。当这15种措施共同发挥作用时，就形成一种强大的力量，可以彻底改变儿童存活方面的现状。
The newest vaccines and best
antibiotics are included, but so are some time-tested basics, like
breastfeeding, good nutrition in the first 1000 days, soap, water disinfection,
sanitation, and the trio of vitamin A, oral rehydration salts, and zinc.
其中包括最新的疫苗和最好的抗生素，而且包括一些久经考验的基本措施，例如母乳喂养、出生后1000天内的良好营养、肥皂、水的消毒、环境卫生以及维生素A、口服补液盐和锌的三重组合。
Equally impressive are the
ingenious delivery solutions, worked out by front-line workers, for reaching
the poor and hungry children who are most at risk.
同样给人深刻印象的是，第一线的工作者为了达及风险最大的贫穷和饥饿儿童形成了独创的服务提供办法。
I find this integrated delivery
approach an exciting way to move forward. The tremendous success in controlling
the neglected tropical diseases clearly tells us that integrated strategies can
stretch the impact of health investments. They can stretch the value of development
dollars.
我觉得这种综合性的服务提供手段是一种令人兴奋的前进方法。控制被忽视的热带病方面的巨大成就清楚地告诉我们，综合战略可扩大卫生投资的影响，也可扩大用于发展工作的资金价值。
Ladies and gentlemen,
女士们，先生们，
I am most pleased to inform you
that well over 9 million people living with HIV in low- and middle-income
countries are now seeing their lives improved and prolonged by antiretroviral
therapy. This is up from 200,000 people just eleven years ago. This is the
fastest scale-up of a life-saving intervention in history.
我非常高兴地告诉你们，抗逆转录病毒疗法现在使低收入和中等收入国家中的900多万艾滋病毒携带者的生活得到了改善，生命得到了延长。相比之下，在11年之前，受益的人数仅为20万人。在历史上，这是一种拯救生命的干预措施推广得最快的一次。
WHO progressively simplified
testing and treatment approaches to make it possible to deliver high-quality
care in some of the poorest settings in the world. Prices dropped dramatically.
Treatment regimens became safer, simpler, and more effective. Sites for testing
and treatment moved closer to people’s homes, and they are trusted and used.
世卫组织逐步简化检测和治疗方法，以便能够在世界上最贫穷的一些地方提供高质量的医疗。价格大幅度下降。治疗方法变得更安全，更简单，更有效。检测和治疗地点更加接近患者的居所，而且获得信任并被利用。
The value of HIV treatment is now
well recognized. Where external funding has levelled off, domestic funding has
stepped in to ensure continued scaling up of treatment. In June, WHO will
simplify things further by issuing revised, consolidated guidelines for the use
of antiretroviral drugs for both HIV treatment and prevention.
现在已充分认识到艾滋病毒治疗的价值。外部资助逐渐减少，但国内资金取而代之，确保继续加强治疗。在6月，世卫组织将发表关于使用抗逆转录病毒药物治疗和预防艾滋病毒的修订汇总指导方针，使工作进一步简化。
For tuberculosis and malaria,
recent progress has been encouraging, but is increasingly threatened by the
spread of resistance to mainstay medicines. If we are not careful, all the
hard-won gains can go down the drain.
关于结核病和疟疾，近期的进展令人鼓舞，但主要药物的耐药性扩展，产生了越来越大的威胁。如果我们不小心谨慎，艰苦奋斗赢得的所有成就将会付注东流。
Efforts to stimulate the
development of new medical products are critically important for every country
in the world. The spread of antimicrobial resistance is rendering more and more
first-line treatments useless.
努力促进研制新的医药产品对世界上每个国家都是至关重要的。抗菌素耐药性的扩展正在使越来越多的一线治疗方法失去效用。
Some observers say we are moving
back to the pre-antibiotic era. No. With few replacements in the pipeline,
medicine is moving towards a post-antibiotic era in which many common
infections will once again kill.
有些观察者说我们正在退回到抗生素之前的时代。不对。由于研制中的替代品极少，药物正在走向后抗生素时代，多种常见感染会再一次置人于死地。
Health care cannot afford a
setback of this magnitude. We must recognize, and respond to, the very serious
threat of antimicrobial resistance.
不能让卫生保健出现这么大幅度的倒退。我们必须认识到并应对极为严重的抗菌素耐药威胁。
Last month, I attended the
Vaccine Summit in Abu Dhabi. Participants explored how the Global Vaccine
Action Plan can be used as a roadmap to save more than 20 million lives by 2020
by expanding access to ten existing vaccines.
上个月，我出席了阿布扎比的疫苗峰会。与会人员探索了如何使用全球疫苗行动计划作为路线图，通过扩大10种现有疫苗的可及性，到2020年拯救2000多万人的生命。
Polio eradication was given
special attention as a milestone in this visionary roadmap. A comprehensive
eradication and endgame strategy was issued last month and discussed during the
summit. Participants appreciated the strategy’s many innovations and expressed
the view that it has a very good chance of success.
在这一具有远见的路线图中，作为一个里程碑的消灭脊灰工作获得了特别重视。在上个月发表了综合性的消灭脊灰尾声战略，并在峰会期间进行了讨论。与会人员赞赏战略中的众多创新举措，并认为成功的机率很高。
I agree, but am fully aware of
the challenges we face. Insecurity continues to compromise the eradication
effort. We mourn the many polio workers who have lost their lives trying to
deliver vaccines.
我同意，但也充分意识到我们面临的挑战。缺乏保障的问题继续对消灭脊灰的工作造成影响。我们悼念在努力提供疫苗的过程中失去生命的众多脊灰工作者。
Importations continue to threaten
polio-free countries. As we speak, we are responding to new outbreaks.
输入病例继续对无脊灰的国家造成威胁。在我们讲话时，我们正在应对新的疫情。
Ladies and gentlemen,
女士们，先生们，
Research, evidence, and
information are the foundation for sound health policies, for monitoring the
impact, and for ensuring accountability. They keep us on track.
对可靠的卫生政策、监测影响和确保问责制而言，研究、证据和信息是基础，可以使我们不偏离方向。
The World Health Statistics
report, issued last week, brings some extremely good news. The past two decades
have seen dramatic improvements in health in the world’s poorest countries.
Progress has been equally dramatic in narrowing the gaps between countries with
the best and the worst health outcomes.
上周发布的《2013年世界卫生统计》报告带来了一些极好的消息。在过去20年中，世界上最贫穷的国家在卫生方面出现了巨大的改进。在缩小健康结果最佳和最差国家之间的差距方面，取得的进展也同样巨大。
The Millennium
Development Goals,
with their emphasis on poverty alleviation, have unquestionably contributed to
these encouraging trends.
千年发展目标的重点是缓解贫穷，对这些令人鼓舞的趋势毫无疑问地作出了贡献。
We have a right to be proud of
recent achievements, and also of the many innovative mechanisms and instruments
that were created in the drive to reach the goals. They brought out the very
best in human ingenuity and creativity.
我们有权对最近的成就以及在努力达到目标的过程中创建的众多创新机制和工具感到自豪。这些成就体现了人类最高的智巧和创造力。
At the same time, I need to
remind you that what lies ahead, especially as we tackle noncommunicable
diseases, is not going to be easy.
与此同时，我必须提醒你们，前进的路上遇到的问题将不容易解决，尤其是当我们应对非传染性疾病时。
Today’s health challenges are
vastly different from those faced in the year 2000, when the Millennium
Declaration was signed. Efforts to safeguard public health face opposition from
a different set of extremely powerful forces.
与2000年签署千年宣言时所面临的情况相比，当今的卫生挑战极为不同。与当时不同的一系列极为强大的力量在抵制保护公共卫生的工作。
Many of the risk factors for
noncommunicable diseases are amplified by the products and practices of large
and economically powerful forces. Market power readily translates into
political power.
许多非传染性疾病危险因素由于经济上强大的大型势力的产品和做法而扩大。市场力量很容易转化为政治力量。
This power seldom impeded efforts
to reach the MDGs.
这种力量几乎没有阻碍实现千年发展目标方面的努力。
No PR firms were hired to portray
the delivery of medicines for HIV and TB as interference with personal
liberties by the Nanny State, with WHO depicted as the Mother Superior of all
Nannies. No lawsuits were filed to stop countries from reducing the risks for
child mortality.
并没有雇佣任何公共关系公司将提供艾滋病毒和结核病药物说成是“保姆”国家干涉个人自由，并将世卫组织描述成所有“保姆”的“大管家”。也不曾提出任何诉讼，阻止国家降低儿童死亡风险。
No research was funded by
industry to cast doubt on the causes of maternal mortality. Mosquitoes do not
have front groups, and mosquitoes do not have lobbies.
产业不曾资助开展研究，使人怀疑孕产妇的死亡原因。没有人为蚊子辩护和游说。
But the industries that
contribute to the rise of NCDs do. When public health policies cross purposes
with vested economic interests, we will face opposition, well-orchestrated
opposition, and very well-funded opposition.
但那些促使非传染性疾病增加的产业有人为其辩护和游说。当公共卫生政策与
既得经济利益发生冲突时，我们将面临反对，精心策划的反对和有充分资助的反对。
WHO will never be on speaking
terms with the tobacco industry. At the same time, I do not exclude cooperation
with other industries that have a role to play in reducing the risks for NCDs.
世卫组织永远不会与烟草业交往。但同时，我并不排除与能够在减少非传染性风险方面发挥作用的其它产业进行合作。
There are no safe tobacco
products. There is no safe level of tobacco consumption. But there are
healthier foods and beverages, and in some cultures, alcohol can be consumed at
levels that do not harm health.
任何烟草制品都是不安全的。任何程度的烟草消费都是不安全的。但是可以有更健康的食品和饮料，而且在某些文化中，可以在无害健康的程度上消费酒精。
I am fully aware that conflicts
of interest are inherent in any relationship between a public health agency,
like WHO, and industry.
我很清楚在世卫组织这样一个公共卫生机构与产业之间建立任何关系都必然存在利益冲突。
Conflict of interest safeguards
are in place at WHO and have recently been strengthened. WHO intends to use
these safeguards stringently in its interactions with the food, beverage, and
alcohol industries to find acceptable public health solutions. WHO will
continue to have no interactions whatsoever with the tobacco industry.
世卫组织已经具备防范利益冲突的措施并且最近给予了加强。世卫组织准备在与食品、饮料和酒精产业的互动中严格采用这些防范措施以便找到能令人接受的公共卫生解决办法。世卫组织将继续不与烟草业进行任何互动。
As I said, this is not an easy
time ahead. As just one example, not one single country has managed to turn
around its obesity epidemic in all age groups. Just this one example makes us
reflect on the importance of adopting the right policy options.
如我前面说过的，前景不易。仅举一个例子，不曾有一个国家能够扭转其各年龄组中的肥胖流行趋势。仅此一例便可让我们深思采纳正确政策方案的重要性。
The UN political declaration on
NCDs clearly states that prevention must be the cornerstone of the global
response. I agree. Yet even if prevention were perfect, we would still have
clinical cases of heart disease, diabetes, cancer, and chronic respiratory
disease.
联合国大会关于预防和控制非传染性疾病问题高级别会议的政治宣言清楚阐明预防必须是全球应对的基石。我同意。但是即便预防工作做得十分完善，我们仍要对付心脏病、糖尿病、癌症和慢性呼吸系统疾病的临床病例。
The response to NCDs depends on
prevention but also on clinical care which is cost-effective and financially
sustainable. This is another challenge that lies ahead.
应对非传染性疾病不仅要依靠预防而且要通过有成本效益和财政上可持续的方式进行临床护理。这是我们未来面临的另一项挑战。 |
