| 笔译、口译资料下载 Mobilizing
Agricultural Science and Technology for Ending Poverty in Africa and Beyond 利用农业科技来终结非洲及其他地区的贫困
World Bank Africa Region Vice
President Makhtar Diop 世界银行非洲地区副行长马克塔•迪奥普
Beijing, China 中国
北京
June 5, 2013 2013年6月5日
Mr.
Chairman, Distinguished Guests, Ladies and Gentlemen, thank you for the honor
of your invitation.
主席先生，尊敬的来宾，女士们，先生们：
感谢你们对我的邀请。
This is my second visit to China
since being appointed Vice President for Africa at the World Bank. I look forward to nurturing the China-World
Bank partnership particularly on today’s vital topic: mobilizing agricultural
science and technology for ending poverty, in Africa and beyond.
这是我担任世界银行非洲地区副行长以来第二次访问中国。我期待着进一步发展中国与世行的伙伴关系——特别是在今天这个至关重要的议题上：利用农业科技来终结非洲及其他地区的贫困。
We meet at a critical time in the
global economy. Even as industrialized countries
are suffering from anemic growth rates, Sub-Saharan Africa’s 49 countries are
booming with growth rates of five percent and more. Demand for food is rising globally, and food
prices are more volatile. Adding to this
complex mix, we know that climate change will impact Africa’s agricultural
potential, particularly in dry land areas that are home to a majority of poor
people.
当前全球经济正处于一个严峻时刻。尽管工业化国家经济增长乏力，但撒哈拉以南非洲的49个国家却在繁荣增长，增长率达到5%或更高。全球食品需求增长，而食品价格的波动加剧。此外，我们也知道，气候变化将影响非洲的农业生产潜力，特别是在大多数贫困人口所生活的干旱地区。这使我们面临的形势更加复杂。
As you may be aware, under the
leadership of our new President, Jim Yong Kim, the World Bank has set new goals
for ending poverty and achieving shared prosperity in our lifetime.
你们可能已经知道，在我们的新行长金墉的领导下，世界银行已经确定了在我们这一代结束贫困、实现共同繁荣的新目标。
Reducing the percentage of people
living on less than $1.25 a day to three percent by 2030 and increasing the
incomes of the bottom 40 percent of the population in every developing country
will require a thriving agricultural sector that provides jobs, food and income
security, as well as greater, more open market access and trade, including
within Africa.
要想在2030年以前把每个发展中国家每天生活在1.25美元以下的人口比例降至3%、使收入最低的40%的人口收入增加，这需要一个生机勃勃的农业部门来提供就业、粮食和收入保障，还需要更多、更开放的市场准入和贸易——包括非洲内部的市场准入和贸易。
I am here to talk about Africa
and its unrealized – but achievable – potential in the farm sector.
今天我要谈的就是非洲以及它在农业领域尚未发挥——但可以发挥——的潜力。
China feeds nearly 20 percent of
the human family. Africa can and must
benefit from the wealth of China’s experiences in sustainable food production
and rural transformation.
中国养活了人类大家庭里20%的人口。中国在可持续的粮食生产和农村转型方面有着丰富经验，非洲可以也必须学习这些经验，以便从中受益。
Nowhere is the need for an
agricultural transformation greater than in Africa’s dryland areas. In the Sahel sub-region, over 10 million
people are facing chronic food insecurity.
In the Horn of Africa, over 8.32 million people are facing a stressed or
crisis phase of food insecurity. We are
taking a strategic, regional approach to tackling these challenges focusing on
reducing vulnerability and increasing resilience, and promoting greater
economic opportunity and integration.
非洲干旱地区面临的农业变革需求比世界其他任何地区都更为迫切。在萨赫勒（Sahel）地区，有1000多万人长期缺乏粮食保障。在非洲之角，超过832万人面临粮食紧张和粮食危机。我们正在采取一个战略性、地区性的方式来解决这些挑战，把重点放在降低脆弱性和提高韧性上，同时努力扩大经济机会和经济融合。
The World Bank is committed to
making a positive difference in Africa’s farm economy.
世界银行致力于对非洲的农业经济作出积极贡献。
Given the importance of the
agricultural sector, the World Bank’s Action Plan commits us to providing
$8-$10 billion annually. A significant portion of this, up to one-third, is
being directed to the specific needs of Africa’s farm sector.
由于农业部门的重要性，世界行动的行动计划承诺，我们将每年为农业提供 80-100亿美元资金。其中很大一部分——近三分之一——是用于满足非洲农业部门的具体需要。
We have scaled-up the World
Bank’s agricultural program in Africa quantitatively and qualitatively. Notably, we are:
我们已经从数量上和质量上加强了世界银行在非洲的农业项目。特别值得一提的是：
-Expanding our lending program,
from US$0.4 billion in 2008 to US$1.2 billion a year. In addition to budget support and traditional
investment projects, these investments will support public-private partnerships
and larger, sub-regional operations that generate economies of scale and
transformational impact.
我们正在扩大贷款项目，从2008年的4亿美元增长到每年12亿美元。除了用于预算支持和传统的投资项目外，这些资金还将支持公私伙伴关系和更大规模的次区域业务，以产生规模效应和深刻影响。
-Working to boost Africa’s
irrigated area, from 20 percent currently to 40 percent by 2030. This goal will require US$40 billion, with
the Bank potentially financing one-quarter of the investment needed.
我们正在努力扩大非洲的灌溉区域，要从现在的20%增长到2030年的40%。实现这一目标需要400亿美元，世界银行可能会提供四分之一的投资。
-Moving from modest and
fragmented pilot efforts to bold, systematic projects in land administration. It is time for a big push to scale-up best
practices, and we aim to deliver at least two new land administration projects
per year, US$150 million each, leading to at least US$1.5 billion over 10
years. A target worth striving for would
be to reduce time required for registering property from 65 days to 30.
从小规模、零散的土地管理试点项目转变为大胆、系统性的项目。现在是大规模推广土地管理最佳实践的时候了，我们的目标是每年至少推出两个新的土地管理项目，每个1.5亿美元，10年时间里共投资至少15亿美元。一个值得努力推动的目标是将登记土地资产所需的时间从65天降为30天。
Working to increase market
access, remove trade barriers, and improve competitiveness to double food trade
in ten years. We want to be ambitious,
improve trade, transport, infrastructure and food safety systems with a 10-year
target of cutting by half the costs of bringing produce to market.
我们正在推动扩大市场准入，消除贸易壁垒，改善竞争力，从而使食品贸易在10年内翻一番。我们要充满雄心，改善贸易、交通、基础设施和食品安全体系，在10内把将农产品销售到市场上的成本降低一半。
These are some examples of how we
can achieve catalytic, transformational impact in Africa’s farm economy.
关于如何对非洲的农业经济产生催化性、革命性的影响，我们有一些先例可循。
Overall, the focus of our
investments will be on achieving the big prize of truly transformational change
by: raising agricultural productivity particularly in dryland areas, linking
farmers to markets, strengthening value chains, reducing risk and
vulnerability, promoting gender equality and enhancing the environmental
contribution of agriculture in reducing greenhouse gas emissions.
总体来说，我们的投资重点将是通过以下活动实现真正革命性的重大影响：提高农业生产率，特别是干旱地区；将农民与市场相联系；强化价值链；降低风险和脆弱性；推动性别平等；扩大农业对环境的贡献，减少温室气体排放。 |
/1 
