联合国人权事务高级专员纳维·皮莱2013年世界人权日致辞（中英对照）

英语口译、笔译资料下载

英文版：A 20-20 Human Rights Vision Statement by the UN High Commissioner for Human Righ.doc

中文版：联合国人权事务高级专员纳维·皮莱世界人权日致辞.doc

A 20-20 Human Rights Vision Statement by the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Navi Pillay for Human Rights Day

人权愿景：继往开来20载——联合国人权事务高级专员纳维•皮莱世界人权日致辞

 

10 December 2013

2013年12月10日

 

Twenty years ago, a historic document was adopted in Vienna. It crystallized the principle that human rights are universal, and committed States to the promotion and protection of all human rights for all people, regardless of their political, economic and cultural systems.

 

20年前，一份历史性文件在维也纳通过。它明确了普世人权原则，使各国政府致力于促进和保护所有人的所有人权，不论其政治、经济和文化体系如何。

 

Among many other significant and ground-breaking achievements, the Vienna Declaration led to the creation of my Office – the Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights.

 

《维也纳宣言》具有许多里程碑式的重要成就，其中之一就是促成了我所在的办事处——即人权事务高级专员办事处的设立。

 

Since then, there have been many advances – indeed more than people perhaps realize.

 

此后，又有许多进展——其实远远超出人们可能意识到的。

 

The fundamentals for protecting and promoting human rights are largely in place:  these include a strong and growing body of international human rights law and standards, as well as institutions to interpret the laws, monitor compliance and apply them to new and emerging human rights issues.

 

保护和促进人权的基础已基本到位：包括日益壮大的国际人权法和标准体系，以及解释这些法律、监督遵守它们的情况并将它们应用到新兴人权问题中的各个机构。

 

The key now is to implement those laws and standards to make enjoyment of human rights a reality on the ground. The political will, and the human and financial resources, to achieve this are too often lacking.

 

目前的关键是落实那些法律和标准，以确保将实现人权的工作落到实处。但是，达成这一目标所需的政治意愿以及人力和财力资源却经常缺失。

 

The 20 years since Vienna have also, unfortunately, seen many setbacks and a number of tragic failures to prevent atrocities and safeguard human rights.

 

不幸的是，在《维也纳条约》通过后的20年里，防止暴行和维护人权的事业经受了许多挫折以及一些惨痛的失败。

 

In several instances where deplorable, large-scale violations of international human rights law were occurring, the international community was too slow, too divided, too short-sighted – or just plain inadequate in its response to the warnings of human rights defenders and the cries of victims.

 

在一些大规模侵犯国际人权法的惨痛案例中，国际社会在回应维权人士的警告和受害者的呼救时，过于缓慢、过于分裂、且目光过于短浅——或者说是纯粹的不足。

 

The Vienna Declaration should be viewed as a blueprint for a magnificent construction that is still only half built.

 

《维也纳宣言》应被视为这座工期近半的宏伟建筑的蓝图。

 

The conduct of States is more scrutinised than ever, and the expansion of civil society organizations and individual human rights activists over the past 20 years has been truly remarkable. Along with independent national human rights institutions, these are the bedrock of human rights development at the national level. But, it is a matter of deep concern that they are also facing increasing harassment and intimidation in many countries.

 

如今，各国的举动受到前所未有的审视，民间社会组织和独立人权活动者的队伍在过去20年中也以惊人的速度壮大。他们和独立的国家人权机构，共同构成了国家层面上人权发展的坚实基础。然而，让人深感担忧的是，他们在许多国家不断受到骚扰和恐吓。

 

Women continue to suffer discrimination, violence and persecution.  So do ethnic, racial and religious minorities, and migrants, as well as individuals because of their sexual orientation. This shows how far we still have to go.

 

妇女、以及族裔、种族和宗教少数群体、移徙者和不同性取向者仍旧遭受着歧视、暴力和迫害。这表明人权事业依然任重道远。

 

Internal conflicts continue to produce horrendous and widespread human rights abuses. Peaceful protests by people exercising, and calling for, their legitimate rights are being ruthlessly crushed by authorities virtually on a daily basis.

 

境内冲突继续制造着恐怖而广泛的侵犯人权行为。通过和平示威来行使并呼吁其合法权利的人们几乎每天都受到当局的残酷镇压。

 

Changing and shifting populations, fuelled by rising poverty, refugee movements and volatile global economics, make countering ‘fear of the other’ a priority.

 

贫困增加、难民迁徙和国际经济动荡所加剧的人口变迁，促使反对“恐惧他人”的工作成为了一项优先任务。

 

And complex new challenges continue to emerge, such as climate change and global terrorist movements.

 

复杂的新挑战继续涌现，比如气候变化和全球恐怖活动问题。

 

The way we operate in this world is also changing at breakneck speed.

 

我们在这个世界的运作方式也在飞速的改变。

 

Modern technologies are transforming the way we do human rights work. In 1993, the World Wide Web was just four years old, and its future use and reach could barely have been imagined, nor how fundamentally the Internet would affect our lives. Together with social media and IT innovations, these technologies are dramatically improving real-time communications and information-sharing. They are also magnifying the voice of human rights defenders, shining a light on abuses, and mobilizing support for various causes in many parts of the world.

 

现代技术改变着我们开展人权工作的方式。1993年，万维网问世不过4年，人们几乎无法想象其未来的使用方式和规模，也想不到它可以怎样彻底地改变我们的生活。连同社交媒体和信息技术创新，这些技术大大地改善着实时沟通和信息分享。它们还在放大维权人士的声音、曝光侵权行为、动员世界各地支持各项事业。

 

But we have also seen how new technologies are facilitating the violation of human rights, with chilling 21st Century efficiency. In breach of international law, mass electronic surveillance and data collection are threatening both individual rights, and the free functioning of a vibrant civil society.

 

但是，我们也看到新技术如何以21世纪另人惊悚的效率方便着侵犯人权的行为。大规模电子监控和数据搜集活动，违反了国际法，威胁着个人权利以及活跃民间社会的自由运作。

 

A Tweet or Facebook post by a human rights defender can be enough to land him or her in jail. Drones can be, and are being, used for positive purposes. But armed drones are also being deployed, without due legal process, for the remote targeting of individuals. So-called “Killer robots” – autonomous weapons systems that can select and hit a target without human intervention – are no longer science fiction, but a reality.

 

维权人士发在“推特”或Facebook上的一贴足以令其身陷囹圄。无人机可以、而且正被用于积极的用途。但是武装无人机也正在缺乏合理法律程序的情况下被部署，对个人实施远程定点清除。所谓的“杀手机器人”（即无需人的干预就能挑选和攻击目标的自主武器系统）已不只是科幻小说中的角色，它已成为现实。

 

Their likely future deployment poses deeply troubling ethical and legal questions.

 

它们可能的未来部署提出了令人深感不安的道德和法律问题。

 

Continued vigilance is needed to ensure that new technologies advance rather than destroy human rights. No matter the scale of these changes, existing international human rights law and international humanitarian law governing the conduct of armed conflict remain applicable.

 

我们需要保持警惕，以确保新技术得以进步但不会破坏人权。无论这些变化的规模如何，管理武装冲突行为的现行国际人权法和国际人道主义法仍然适用。

 

States must ensure that they are applied.

 

各国政府必须确保这些法律的应用。

 

At the international level, a huge amount of work remains to be done to transform human rights from abstract promises to genuine improvement in the daily lives of all people, especially those who are currently marginalized or excluded.

 

在国际层面上，将人权从一个抽象的承诺化为真正改善全世界人民（尤其是目前正被边缘化和被排斥的人们）的生活的任务，依然任重道远。

 

The UN Human Rights Office will continue to work with all our partners to try to prevent human rights breaches from occurring. We will continue to be vocal about human rights violations. We will continue to ask States to do their part – the biggest part by far – to ensure that the tragic mistakes of the past are not repeated and that the human rights of all are protected and promoted.

 

联合国人权高专办将继续与各方伙伴合作，以防止侵犯人权的行为的发生。我们将继续揭发侵犯人权的行为。我们还将继续要求各国尽最大努力确保过去的悲惨错误不会再次发生，并保护和促进所有人的人权。

 

We can – and we must – do better.

 

我们可以——也必须——做得更好。

 

The vision and goals formulated 20 years ago in Vienna are still valid. They are still worth fighting for now – over the next 20 years – and beyond.

 

20年前在维也纳设定的愿景和目标历久弥新，依然值得我们现在、在未来的20年里、以及更远的将来，继续为之奋斗。