李克强总理给第44届世界经济论坛年会的特别致辞（中英对照）

中文版：在改革、开放与合作中重塑世界经济.doc

英文版：Reshaping the World Economy through Reform.doc

在改革、开放与合作中重塑世界经济

Reshaping the World Economy through Reform, Opening up and Cooperation

 

中华人民共和国国务院总理 李克强

Li Keqiang, Premier of the State Council of the People’s Republic of China

 

2014年1月22日

December 22, 2014

 

新年新起点，孕育新希望。世界经济论坛作为观察世界经济的风向标和“头脑风暴”的重要平台，在世界经济出现新的积极迹象、又面临诸多不确定因素的形势下，当能集思广益，传递信心，贡献良策。

 

A new year marks a new beginning and brings new hope. The World Economic Forum is a barometer for observing the world economy and an important platform of global brainstorming. I believe that with both new positive signs and uncertainties in the world economy, the Forum will certainly pool wisdom, spread confidence and contribute advice.

 

中国作为最大的发展中国家和G20、APEC等一系列多边经济机制的成员，经济现状和走向对世界经济有重要影响。当前中国经济稳中向好，稳中有进，稳中提质。2013年中国GDP增长率为7.7%，从全球范围看，继续保持了中高速增长。居民消费价格涨幅控制在2.6%，全年城镇新增就业人数超过1300万，是历年最多的，城镇居民人均可支配收入和农民人均纯收入实际分别增长7%和9.3%。经济整体呈现出增长较快、物价较稳、就业扩大、收入增加的良好态势。中国与世界经济的联系更加紧密，合作进一步扩大。去年中国的进出口额、利用外资都实现了可观的增长，其中进口总额接近2万亿美元。中国企业对外直接投资也超过了900亿美元。在国际金融危机余波未平、世界经济尚待复苏和中国经济结构转型升级的背景下，这样一张“成绩单”来之不易，再次验证了中国经济的韧性和活力。

 

China is the largest developing country in the world and a member of the G20, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) and other multilateral economic mechanisms. Its economic health and trends have a major impact on the world economy.

 

Currently, the Chinese economy, while maintaining stability, has taken a turn for the better, with notable achievements and improved performance. In 2013, China’s gross domestic product (GDP) grew by 7.7%, which remains mid-to-high growth in the world. The rise of the consumer price index (CPI) was kept at 2.6%. Over 13 million new urban jobs were created, more than in any previous year, and per capita disposable income of urban residents and per capita net income of rural residents rose by 7% and 9.3% in real terms, respectively.

 

The Chinese economy, on the whole, has enjoyed good momentum of fairly fast growth, relatively stable price levels, expanding employment and income increase. China’s economy has become more closely connected with the world economy and China’s cooperation with the world is further widening. Last year, China’s import, export and use of overseas investment all achieved considerable growth. Total imports approached $2 trillion. Overseas direct investment by Chinese enterprises exceeded $90 billion. Given the lingering international financial crisis, the unrecovered world economy and China’s effort of economic restructuring and upgrading, such a “score report” is indeed a hard-won achievement, proving once again the resilience and vitality of the Chinese economy.

 

比数据更重要的是，去年，面对世界经济不景气、国内经济下行压力一度加大甚至国际上有人认为中国经济会“硬着陆”的情况，我们没有采取短期刺激政策，既不增加赤字，也不放松银根，而是积极有为，围绕“增活力、稳预期、促转型”，创新宏观政策调控方式，应对挑战。

 

Yet there is something more important than those figures. Last year, despite the sluggish global economy, the once increasing downward pressure on the Chinese economy and some outside prediction that our economy might have a hard landing, we didn’t resort to short-term stimulus policies such as increasing the deficit or monetary expansion. Instead, we took proactive steps to boost economic vitality, stabilize expectations and promote economic transformation. Our focus was to innovate the approach to macro-regulation and rise to the challenges.

 

一是从改革开放入手，着眼处理好政府与市场的关系，大力推动简政放权，释放改革红利。通过大量减少各级政府的审批事项、推进贷款利率市场化等金融改革、建立中国上海自由贸易试验区、探索负面清单管理模式、放宽市场准入等举措，激发了市场活力和经济发展内生动力，调动了民间投资的积极性。全年新登记注册私营企业达233万户，比上年增长30%。

 

First, we started by reforming and opening up. We focused on properly handling relations between the government and the market. We vigorously streamlined governance and delegated power so as to release the dividends of reform. We slashed the number of items to be approved by government at various levels and pushed forward financial reform to make the interest rates of loans more market-based. We established the China (Shanghai) Pilot Free Trade Zone, instituted a “negative list” management model and relaxed market access. These measures fuelled market vitality and the internal driving force for economic growth and stimulated the enthusiasm of private investment. Last year, the number of newly registered private enterprises reached 2.33 million, up by 30% from the previous year.

 

二是明确经济运行的合理区间，提出把经济增长7.5%左右、新增城镇就业900万人以上作为下限，把物价上涨不超过3.5%左右作为上限。只要经济处于合理区间，就保持宏观政策稳定，主要靠结构改革、靠市场力量稳增长、促发展。这大大提振了市场信心，稳定了社会预期。下半年以来，中国PMI指数在50%的临界点以上平稳抬升。

 

Second, we defined a reasonable range of economic operation. The floor we set was a growth rate of about 7.5% and the creation of over 9 million urban jobs. The ceiling was to cap CPI growth at around 3.5%. As long as the economy operates within this reasonable range, we will be able to maintain stability of macroeconomic policies and achieve steady growth by mainly relying on structural reform and market forces. This has significantly boosted market confidence and stabilized people’s expectations. Since the second half of last year, China’s purchasing manager’s index has climbed steadily above the tipping point of 50%.

 

三是着力在调结构上下功夫。抓住市场潜力大、发展相对滞后的“短板”，着力加快服务业发展，连续推出促进信息、金融、养老、健康服务业等发展的政策措施，同时着力推进节能环保等新兴产业发展。我们坚持以结构调整拉动内需和改善供给，坚持在扩大开放中扩大内需，继续发挥好内需的主动力作用。这些措施既利当前，更惠长远。去年，中国服务业占GDP的比重已达46.1%，首次超过第二产业。单位GDP能耗比上年下降3.7%。

 

Third, we readjusted the structure with intensive efforts. We introduced measures to tap the huge market potential and address “weak links” where development is needed. We stepped up development of the service industry by introducing policy measures to promote growth in information, finance, old-age care and health services. We also promoted energy-saving, environmentally friendly and other emerging industries. We persisted in our effort to drive domestic demand and improve supply through structural readjustment and to boost domestic demand through greater openness. And we continued to allow domestic demand to act as the main driver of growth. These measures do not just serve immediate interests. More importantly, they will generate long-term benefit. Last year, the share of services in China’s GDP rose to 46.1%, surpassing that of the secondary sector for the first time. And energy intensity per unit of GDP was reduced by 3.7% from the previous year.

 

中国宏观调控的创新理念与方式和形成的新经验，有助于中国经济在今后乃至今后一段时期继续拿到好成绩。而且，在全球经济不确定因素较多、国际市场对主要经济体宏观政策动向异常敏感的情况下，中国稳定财政、货币政策，保持合理的流动性，向国际市场发出了明确的稳定预期的信号，这也是中国对世界经济发展的负责任之举。

 

China’s innovative ideas and approaches and new experience in macro-regulation will help ensure that the economy continues to perform well this year and beyond. Moreover, given the numerous uncertainties in the global economy and the unusual sensitivities of the international market to macro-policy developments in major economies, the stable fiscal and monetary policy and reasonable liquidity in China have combined to send a clear signal that stabilizes the international market’s expectations. This is also an act of responsibility by China in the interest of world economic development.

 

今年中国经济政策的基调是稳中求进、改革创新，我认为，这与国际社会对重塑世界经济的期待是吻合的。我们将按照十八届三中全会的部署，全面深化改革，进一步扩大开放，保持宏观政策连续性和稳定性，积极扩大内需，促进经济平稳增长，在推进结构调整中更加注重提质增效升级，更加注重缩小城乡、区域这两大差距，采取更有力的措施扩大就业、扶贫帮困，促进社会公正，使发展的成果惠及全体人民。中国经济的持续健康发展，也将为世界发展带来新机遇、增添新动力。

 

The keynote of China’s economic policy this year is to seek steady progress through reform and innovation. In my view, this is consistent with international expectations for reshaping the world economy. We will follow the arrangements made at the Third Plenum of the 18th Communist Party of China Central Committee, comprehensively deepen reform, continue to open up, maintain the continuity and consistency of macro-policies, actively boost domestic demand, and promote steady economic growth. When readjusting the structure, we will focus more on quality, efficiency and upgrading. We will work even harder to narrow the two major gaps between urban and rural areas and among different regions. We will take more effective measures to create more jobs, reduce poverty and help those in need. This will lead to greater social equity and enable the entire population to share in the benefits of development. The sustained and sound development of the Chinese economy will also offer new opportunities and inject new impetus to development of the world.

 

2008年国际金融危机的爆发和近几年世界经济在困境中复苏艰难的状况，对世界经济体系和格局的调整完善提出了许多新课题。当前虽然不少经济体复苏更加明显，但变数犹存，仍有许多不稳定因素，需要深度调整和变革。本次论坛年会以“重塑世界”为主题展开讨论，恰逢其时。

 

The international financial crisis that started in 2008 and the difficulties facing world economic recovery in the following years have raised many new tasks for the adjustment and improvement of the world economic system and architecture. Some economies have shown clear signs of recovery. But there remain uncertainties and factors that are not conducive to stability. All these cry out for in-depth adjustment and change. I therefore find it most fitting and relevant that the Forum convenes its Annual Meeting with “the reshaping of the world” as its theme.

 

重塑世界经济，重要的是构建和完善开放合作、互利共赢的全球经贸体系。国际社会应始终以多元、开放、包容、互惠为方向，继续维护二战后形成的国际政治秩序与世界和平环境，坚持发挥好以WTO为核心的多边贸易框架的积极作用，探索各种形式的区域贸易安排，坚决反对贸易投资保护主义。我们主张，不同发展水平和阶段的经济体，应当发扬同舟共济的精神，摒弃零和博弈的做法，携手应对共同挑战。尤其是发达经济体和新兴经济体要发挥各自优势，形成促进全球经济增长的“双动力”和互补互利互惠的好局面，塑造合作共赢的经济全球化新格局。

 

To reshape the world economy, it is important to institute and improve an open, cooperative and win-win global economic and trade system. The international community should continue to work towards diversity, openness, inclusiveness and mutual benefit, and uphold the post-World War II international political order and the world environment for peace. It should enable the multilateral trading framework with the World Trade Organization at the centre to play a more positive role. It should explore regional trade arrangements in various forms, and resolutely reject trade and investment protectionism. China maintains that economies at different development levels and phases should embrace the spirit of solidarity in difficult times, discard zero-sum practices, and join hands to meet common challenges. Developed and emerging economies in particular should bring out their respective strengths to drive global economic growth by acting as the “double engines” of the global economy, reinforcing and benefitting each other. This way, we will open up a new prospect of economic globalization featuring win-win cooperation.

 

当前国际形势总体平稳，世界和平与发展既有新的机遇，也面临许多挑战。中国作为负责任的大国，将始终不渝走和平发展道路，为增进人类共同利益作出更多努力，为促进世界和平与发展的崇高事业发挥建设性作用。

 

The international situation is stable on the whole. And the world faces both new opportunities and many challenges for peace and development. China, as a responsible major country, will be firmly committed to the path of peaceful development, make greater contribution to expanding the common interests of mankind, and play a constructive role in advancing the lofty cause of world peace and development.

 

中国将坚定不移向现代化目标奋进，愿继续与世界各国加强合作，推动世界经济早日走出国际金融危机的阴影，踏上强劲、可持续和平衡增长的康庄大道。世界经济论坛年会在冬天举办，这也预示着春天已经不远。

 

China will be steadfast in its pursuit of modernization. We look forward to closer cooperation with other countries so as to move the world economy out of the dark shadows of the international financial crisis as soon as we can and bring it onto a broad and bright path of strong, sustainable and balanced growth. The World Economic Forum Annual Meeting is held in winter. What it heralds, though, is spring, which will not be far behind.