美国国务卿克里在印尼雅加达美国中心就气候变化问题发表的讲话（中英对照）

Now, as I’ve already acknowledged, I am the first one to recognize the responsibility that the United States has, because we have contributed to this problem. We’re one of the number – we’re the number two emitter of greenhouse gas emissions. The number one is now China. The fact is that I recognize the responsibility that we have to erase the bad habits that we have, which we adopted, frankly, before we understood the consequences. Nobody set out to make this happen. This is the consequence of the industrial revolution and the transformation of the world, and many of the advances that we made that have changed the world for the better came from these steps. But now we do know the attendant consequences that are linked to these actions.

诚如我已经承认，我首先认识到美国具有的责任，因为我们对这个问题的出现起了作用。我们是其中一个——我们是第二大温室气体排放国。第一大国现在是中国。事实是，我认识到，我们有责任摈弃我们在——坦白说——尚未充分理解后果之前所采取的不良惯例。发生这种情况不是任何人的本意。这是工业革命和世界变革的后果，而我们取得的许多让世界变得更好的进步来自这些步骤。 但是现在我们确实懂得了随这些行动而产生的后果。

President Obama has taken the moral challenge head on. Over the past five years, the United States has done more to reduce the threat of climate change – domestically and with the help of our international partners – than in the 20 years before President Obama came to office.

欧巴马总统已经在直接迎战这种道义挑战。过去五年来美国为减少气候威胁所做的努力——在国内以及通过我们国际伙伴的帮助——超过了欧巴马总统上任前的20年。

Thanks to President Obama’s Climate Action Plan, the United States is well on our way to meeting the international commitments to seriously cut our greenhouse gas emissions by 2020, and that’s because we’re going straight to the largest sources of pollution. We’re targeting emissions from transportation – cars trucks, rail, et cetera – and from power sources, which account together for more than 60 percent of the dangerous greenhouse gases that we release.

今天，由于欧巴马总统的气候行动计划，美国在实现到2020年将我们的温室气体排放大幅减少的国际承诺上取得长足进展。这是因为我们直究最大的污染源。我们注重抓运输业——汽车、卡车、铁路等——以及发电行业，这两者共占我们释放的危险温室气体的60%以上。

The President has put in place standards to double the fuel-efficiency of cars on American roads. And we’ve also proposed curbing carbon pollution from new power plants, and similar regulations are in the works to limit the carbon pollution coming from power plants that are already up and already running.

总统已制定了将行驶在美国公路上的车辆的燃油效率翻番的标准。我们还提出了遏制新的发电厂的碳污染的规章，而且计划实行对已经投产运行的发电厂的碳污染加以限制的类似规章。

At the same time, Americans have actually doubled the amount of energy we are creating from wind, solar, and geothermal sources, and we’ve become smarter about the way we use energy in our homes and in our businesses. A huge amount of carbon pollution comes out of buildings, and it’s important in terms of the lighting, in terms of the emissions from those buildings, the air conditioning – all these kinds of things thought through properly can contribute to the solution. As a result, today in the United States, we are emitting less than we have in two decades.

与此同时，美国人确已将利用风能、太阳能和地热能源的发电量增加了一倍，而且我们在家中和公司企业中使用能源的方式也更加合理。楼房建筑产生大量碳污染，照明问题、这些建筑的排放问题、空调问题都很重要——适当地全面考虑所有这些问题能为解决问题作出贡献。因此，我们今天的排放量低于我们20年来的排放量。

We’re also providing assistance to international partners, like Indonesia. This year the Millennium Challenge Corporation launched the $332 million Green Prosperity program to help address deforestation and support innovation and clean energy throughout the country. We also implemented what we called “debt for nature” swaps, where we forgive some of the debt – and we have forgiven some of Indonesia’s debt – in return for investments in the conservation of forests in Sumatra and Kalimantan.

我们还在向印度尼西亚等国际伙伴提供援助。今年，世纪挑战集团启动了3.32亿美元的绿色繁荣项目，帮助应对印尼的滥伐森林问题，并支持该国各地的清洁能源创新。我们还实行了一个名为“以债务换自然”的交换项目，由我们免去印尼的部分债务——而且我们已免去了印尼的一些债务——以换取用于保护苏门答腊和加里曼丹森林的投资。

But the United States – simple reality: just as I talked about the scientific facts in the beginning, this is a fact – the United States cannot solve this problem or foot the bill alone. Even if every single American got on a bicycle tomorrow and carpooled – instead of – or carpooled to school instead of buses or riding in individual cars or driving, or rode their bike to work, or used only solar powers – panels in order to power their homes; if we each, every American, planted a dozen trees; if we eliminated all of our domestic greenhouse gas emissions – guess what? That still wouldn’t be enough to counter the carbon pollution coming from the rest of the world. Because today, if even one or two economies neglects to respond to this threat, it can counter, erase all of the good work that the rest of the world has done. When I say we need a global solution, I mean we need a global solution.

但是美国——事实简单明了：正如我在开始时谈到科学数据那样，这是一个事实——美国无法独自解决这个问题或独自承担费用。即使每个美国人明天都骑车或搭车——而不是——或搭车去上学而不乘公共汽车或者自己坐自己的车或开车，或骑车上班，或只使用太阳能——太阳能板为住房供电；如果我们每个人，每个美国人都种植12棵树；如果我们以某种方式消除所有的国内温室气体排放——结果会怎样呢？这仍不足以抵消来自全世界其他地区的碳污染。因为今天，哪怕只有一两个经济体疏于应对这一挑战，也会起反作用，使全世界其他地区所作的一切有益努力付诸东流。当我说我们需要一个全球性解决方案时，我所指的正是一个全球性解决方案。

That is why the United States is prepared to take the lead in bringing other nations to the table. And this is something that President Obama is deeply committed to. And as Secretary of State, I am personally committed to making sure that this work is front and center in all of our diplomatic efforts. This week I will be instructing all of the chiefs of our missions at American embassies all over the world to make climate change a top priority and to use all the tools of diplomacy that they have at their disposal in order to help address this threat.

这就是美国准备好发挥主导作用并让其他国家坐到谈判桌前的原因。这是欧巴马总统的一项深切承诺。身为国务卿，我本人致力于确保这项工作处于我们各项外交工作的首要及核心地位。本周，我将指令驻世界各地的美国大使馆的所有外交使节将气候变化作为一项首要重点，并利用他们所掌握的一切外交手段来应对这一威胁。

Now I have just come here today, I arrived last night from China, where I met with government leaders and we discussed our cooperation, our collaboration on this climate change front at length. The Chinese see firsthand every single day how dangerous pollution can be. I recently read that an 8-year-old girl was diagnosed with lung cancer because of all the air pollution that she was inhaling. Eight years old. And the devastating human toll pollution, it takes comes with a very hefty price tag: Air pollution already costs China as much as 8 percent of its GDP because two things happen as a result of the pollution: healthcare spending goes up and agricultural output goes down.

我今天在这里，是昨晚离开中国来到这里的，我在那里会晤了政府领导人并详尽地探讨了我们在这个气候变化问题上的合作和我们的协作。中国人每天都亲眼目睹污染有多么危险。我最近读到过一名8岁女孩被确诊患有肺癌，原因是她所吸入的大量的空气污染物。她只有8岁。污染给人类造成的惨重损失还有极高的经济代价：空气污染给中国造成的损失已占到其国内生产总值的8%， 因为它带来了双重后果：医疗费用上升以及农业产出下降。

Now I am pleased to tell you that the leaders of China agree that it is time to pursue a cleaner path forward. And China is taking steps, and we have already taken significant steps together through the U.S.-China Climate Change Working Group that we launched in Beijing last year.

我高兴地告诉大家，中国领导人同意现在是沿着一条更清洁的路线前行的时候了。中国正在采取步骤，而且我们已经通过去年在北京发起的美中气候变化问题工作组共同采取了重大步骤。

Just yesterday, we announced a new agreement on an enhanced policy of dialogue that includes the sharing of information and policies so that we can help develop plans to deal with the UN climate change negotiation that takes place in Paris next year, in planning for the post-2020 limit to greenhouse gas emissions. These plans are a key input into UN negotiations to develop a new global climate agreement, and we have hopes that this unique partnership between China and the United States can help set an example for global leadership and global seriousness.

就在昨天，我们宣布了一项有关强化对话政策的新协议，其中包括交流信息和有关政策，使我们能够帮助制定有关明年将在巴黎举行的联合国气候变化问题谈判的计划，以制定2020年之后限制温室气体排放的计划。这些计划将为联合国制定一项新的全球气候协议的有关谈判提供关键性建议，我们希望中国和美国之间的这个独特的伙伴关系能有助于为全球性领导作用和全球性严肃态度树立一个典范。

Now make no mistake: this is real progress. The U.S. and China are the world’s two largest economies. We are two of the largest consumers of energy, and we are two of the largest emitters of global greenhouse gases – together we account for roughly 40 percent of the world’s emissions.

毋庸置疑，这是切切实实的进展。美国和中国是全世界最大的两个经济体。我们是最大的两个能源消费国，而且是全球温室气体的最大的两个排放国——我们的排放量合计约占全球排放量的40%。

But this is not just about china and the United States. It’s about every country on Earth doing whatever it can to pursue cleaner and healthier energy sources. And it’s about the all of us literally treating the pain in the foot, so the whole body hurts a little less.

但这不仅仅关系到中国和美国。这关系到地球上每个尽其所能寻求更清洁、更健康的能源的国家。这还关系到我们所有人，的确是通过治疗脚痛以减轻全身疼痛。

Now this is going to require us to continue the UN negotiations and ultimately finalize an ambitious global agreement in Paris next year. And nations need to also be pursuing smaller bilateral agreements, public-private partnerships, independent domestic initiatives – you name it. There’s nothing to stop any of you from helping to push here, to pick things that you can do in Indonesia. It’s time for us to recognize that the choices the world makes in the coming months and years will directly and substantially affect our quality of life for generations to come.

这将要求我们必须继续参与联合国的谈判并最终在明年于巴黎正式达成一项宏大的全球性协议。而且各国还应当争取达成规模较小的双边协议、公私合作伙伴关系、独立的国内行动计划——凡此种种。没有什么能阻止你们任何人在这里帮助予以推动，选择你们能在印度尼西亚从事的工作。现在是我们认识到全世界在今后几个月和今后几年所作的抉择将直接地、切实地影响到子孙后代的生活质量的时候了。

Now I tell you, I’m looking out at a young audience here. All of you are the leaders of the future. And what we’re talking about is what kind of world are we going to leave you. I know that some of what I’m talking about here today, it seems awful big, and some of it may even like it’s out of reach to you. But I have to tell you it’s not. One person in one place can make a difference – by talking about how they manage a building, how they heat a school, what kind of things you do for recycling, transportation you use. What you don’t – I think what you don’t hear enough about today, unfortunately, and I’ve saved it for the end, because I want you to leave here feeling, wow, we can get something done. There’s a big set of opportunities in front of us. And that’s because the most important news of all: that climate change isn’t only a challenge. It’s not only a burden. It also presents one of the greatest economic opportunities of all time.

我要告诉你们，我看到今天在座的都是年轻人。你们大家都是未来的领袖。我们正在讨论的是我们将给你们留下一个什么样的世界。我知道我今天在这里所说的一些话听起来大得不得了，有些甚至可能超出了你们力所能及的范围。但我必须告诉你们并非如此。每个地方的每个人都能出力——通过讨论他们如何管理一栋建筑，如何为一所学校供暖，能为回收做哪些工作，以及使用哪些交通工具。这些是你们没有——我认为你们今天听到的这方面的内容不多，这令人遗憾，但我把这些留在最后说，就是希望你们在离开这里时感到：哇，我们真能做点什么。我们面前有一系列重大机会。因为最重要的一点是：气候变化不只是一个挑战。它不只是一个负担。它还提供了有史以来最重大的经济机会之一。

The global energy market is the future. The solution to climate change is energy policy. And this market is poised to be the largest market the world has ever known. Between now and 2035, investment in the energy sector is expected to reach nearly $17 trillion. That’s more than the entire GDP of China and India combined.

全球能源市场是未来所在。解决气候变化的方案在于能源政策。这个市场势必成为全世界有史以来规模最大的市场。从现在起到2035年，对能源部门的投资预期将达到近17万亿美元。这比中国和印度的国内生产总值加起来还高。

The great technology – many of you have your smart phones or your iPads, et cetera, here today – all of this technology that we use so much today was a $1 trillion market in the 1990s with 1 billion users. The energy market is a $6 trillion market with, today, 6 billion users, and it’s going to grow to maybe 9 billion users over the course of the next 20, 30, 40 years. The solution to climate change is as clear as the problem. The solution is making the right choices on energy policy. It’s as simple as that. And with a few smart choices, we can ensure that clean energy is the most attractive investment in the global energy sector.

了不起的技术——今天在座的很多人都拿着智能手机或iPad等等——所有这些我们今天如此广泛地使用的技术在1990年代只是一个价值1万亿美元、拥有10亿用户的市场。今天的能源市场是一个价值6万亿美元、拥有60亿用户的市场，而且可能在今后的20、30或40年中发展到拥有90亿用户。解决气候变化的方案与问题本身一样鲜明。解决方案就是作出有关能源政策的正确抉择。其实就这么简单。通过作出一系列明智抉择，我们能够确保清洁能源是全球能源部门中最具吸引力的投资对象。

To do this, governments and international financial institutions need to stop providing incentives for the use of energy sources like coal and oil. Instead, we have to make the most of the innovative energy technology that entrepreneurs are developing all over the world – including here in Indonesia, where innovative companies like Sky Energy are building solar and battery storage and projects that can help power entire villages.

为此，各国政府和国际金融机构应当停止提供鼓励使用煤炭和石油等能源的手段。取而代之的是，我们必须最充分地利用全世界的企业家正在开发的创新性能源技术——包括在印尼这里，像“天空能源”这样的创新公司正在创建太阳能和电池储备和项目，能够帮助为一座座村庄提供电力。

And we have to invest in new technology that will help us bring renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro power not only to the communities where those resources are abundant –but to every community and to every country on every continent.

我们还必须投资于能帮助我们提供太阳能、风能和水力发电等可再生能源的新技术，不仅将它们带给这类资源丰富的社区——而且带给每个大洲的每个社区和每个国家。

I am very well aware that these are not easy choices for any country to make – I know that. I’ve been in politics for a while. I know the pull and different powerful political forces. Coal and oil are currently cheap ways to power a society, at least in the near term. But I urge governments to measure the full cost to that coal and that oil, measure the impacts of what will happen as we go down the road. You cannot simply factor in the immediate costs of energy needs. You have to factor in the long-term cost of carbon pollution. And they have to factor in the cost of survival. And if they do, then governments will find that the cost of pursuing clean energy now is far cheaper than paying for the consequences of climate change later.

我非常清楚这些决策对于任何国家都不是轻而易举地就能作出的——我知道这一点。我从政已经有些年头了。我知道这种牵引力以及各种强大的政治势力。煤炭和石油目前是为一个社会提供能源的廉价方式，至少在近期如此。但我促请各国政府全面衡量那些煤炭和石油的成本，衡量一下我们长此以往将产生的后果的影响。你们不能仅仅把眼下能源需求的成本计算在内。你们必须将碳污染的长期成本计算在内。而且还得将生存成本计算在内。如果他们这样做了，那么各国政府将会发现现在开发清洁能源的成本远远低于以后应对气候变化的种种后果的代价。

Make no mistake: the technology is out there. None of this is beyond our capacity.

毋庸置疑：这种技术已经存在。这绝不是超出我们的能力的。

I am absolutely confident that if we choose to, we will meet this challenge. Remember: we’re the ones – we, all of us, the world – helped to discover things like penicillin and we eradicated smallpox. We found a way to light up the night all around the world with a flip of the switch and spread that technology to more than three quarters of the world’s population. We came up with a way for people to fly and move from one place to another in the air between cities and across oceans, and into outer space. And we put the full wealth of human knowledge into a device we can hold in our hand that does all of the thinking that used to take up a whole room almost this size.

我绝对相信，如果我们愿意，我们就能应对这一挑战。请记住：正是我们——我们，我们大家，整个世界——帮助研发了青霉素等药品，并且根除了天花。我们发明了一种一开开关就能在全世界照亮黑夜的方式，并将这种技术在全世界超过四分之三的人口中推广普及。我们发明了让人们从城市间的一个地方飞到另一个地方以及飞越海洋并飞向太空的方式。我们还将人类的全部知识和智慧用于发明一种我们能握在手中并能从事一切脑力活动的装置，而这种装置过去要占满几乎像这么大的一个房间。

Human ingenuity has long proven its ability to solve seemingly insurmountable challenges. It is not a lack of ability that is a problem. It is a lack of political resolve that is standing in our way. And I will tell you as somebody who ran for elected office, when you hear from the people, when the people make it clear what they want and what they think they need, then people in politics respond.

历史已经证明了人类的创造力具有解决看似不可战胜的挑战的能力。问题并不在于缺乏能力。阻碍我们前进的是缺乏政治决心。身为一个曾竞选过公职的人，我要告诉你们，当听到民意时，当人民说明他们想要什么以及他们认为自己需要什么时，政界人士便会予以响应。

Today I call on all of you in Indonesia and concerned citizens around the world to demand the resolve that is necessary from your leaders. Speak out. Make climate change an issue that no public official can ignore for another day. Make a transition towards clean energy the only plan that you are willing to accept.

今天，我呼吁印度尼西亚全体人民以及全世界关注此事的公民要求你们的领导人拿出应有的决心，大胆直言，使气候变化成为任何公职官员一天都不能再忽略的议题，使向清洁能源过渡成为你们愿意接受的唯一计划。

And if we come together now, we can not only meet the challenge, we can create jobs and economic growth in every corner of the globe. We can clean up the air, we can improve the health of people, we can have greater security; we can make our neighborhoods healthier places to live; we can help ensure that farmers and fishers can still make a sustainable living and feed our communities; and we can avoid disputes and even entire wars over oil, water, and other limited resources. We can make good on the moral responsibility we all have to leave future generations with a planet that is clean and healthy and sustainable for the future.

如果我们现在齐心协力，我们不仅能够应对挑战，而且能够在全球各地创造就业机会和经济增长。我们能够清洁空气，我们能够改善人民的健康，我们能够增进安全；我们能使我们的街区变成更健康的生活场所；我们能够帮助确保农民和渔民仍能维持可持续性生计并为我们的社区提供食物；而且我们能够避免石油、水资源及其他有限的资源所引发的纠纷乃至战争。我们能够尽到我们所有人都肩负着的道义责任，留给子孙后代一个清洁、健康、拥有可持续未来的地球。

The United States is ready to work with you in this endeavor. With Indonesia and the rest of the world pulling in the same direction, we can meet this challenge, the greatest challenge of our generation, and we can create the future that everybody dreams of.

美国已准备好同你们共同进行这一努力。随着印度尼西亚及全世界其他国家都向着同一个方面迈进，我们能够应对这个我们这代人所面临的最艰巨挑战，并能创造一个人人都梦想拥有的未来。

Thank you all very much for letting me be with you. Thank you. (Applause.)

非常感谢大家让我来到你们中间。谢谢你们。（掌声）