共同开创亚洲发展新未来 Jointly
Open up New Vistas for Asia’s Development
——在博鳌亚洲论坛2014年年会开幕式上的演讲 —Speech at the Opening Plenary of
the Boao Forum for Asia Annual Conference 2014
中华人民共和国国务院总理
李克强 H.E. Li Keqiang, Premier of the
State Council of the People’s Republic of China
2014年4月10日，海南博鳌 Boao, April 10, 2014
尊敬的各位嘉宾，女士们，先生们，朋友们：
Dear
Guests, Ladies
and Gentlemen, Dear
Friends,
很高兴在春和日丽的季节，同来自52个国家和地区的朋友们相聚在中国美丽的海南岛，一起出席博鳌亚洲论坛2014年年会。在此，我代表中国政府，对年会的召开表示热烈的祝贺！对远道而来的嘉宾表示诚挚的欢迎！
In the lovely spring, I am
delighted to meet with friends from 52 countries and regions at the Boao Forum
for Asia Annual Conference 2014 in the beautiful island of Hainan. On behalf of
the Chinese government, I wish to extend warm congratulations on the opening of
the annual conference and a hearty welcome to all forum participants.
博鳌亚洲论坛已举办十二届，成为聚焦亚洲、放眼世界的一个重要平台。“水美鱼丰”，这是博鳌的特征，也是论坛硕果累累的象征。出席本届论坛年会的有亚太和非洲多位政府首脑，也有众多的商界领袖和智库、传媒界的杰出人士，老友新朋汇聚一堂，大家都为亚洲和世界的发展大计而来。思想越辩越新，朋友越交越真。希望各位畅所欲言，发表真知灼见。
The Boao Forum for Asia has
entered its 12th year, and it has become an important platform with an Asian
focus and a global vision. “Boao”, the site of the Forum, means “enchanting
water and abundant fish” in Chinese, and I think it is a symbol of the Forum’s
fruitful achievements. Attending this year’s annual conference are many heads
of government from Asia and Africa, and a great number of business leaders, and
think tank and media representatives. Friends, both old and new, are meeting
here to discuss ways to boost development of both Asia and the world. Exchange
of views will create new vision, and more interactions bring friends closer. I
hope that you will be fully engaged in forum discussions, and I look forward to
benefiting from your insights.
当今世界正处于深刻变化之中。国际格局面临新的调整，影响全球与地区局势的不确定不稳定因素增多，热点问题此起彼伏，多极化进程曲折。世界经济深度调整，发达经济体虽有新的变化，新兴经济体又遇到新的挑战，不同国家经济走势分化，全球复苏进程缓慢艰难，增长动力仍然不足，实现经济强劲、可持续、平衡增长任重道远。
Our world today is undergoing
profound changes. The international architecture faces new adjustment.
Uncertainties and destabilizing factors affecting the global and regional
environment are increasing. Hotspot issues emerge from time to time. The world
is moving towards multi-polarity amidst twists and turns. The global economy is
in profound adjustment. Developed economies have seen new changes, while
emerging economies have encountered new challenges, and many countries are on
different economic trajectories. The global recovery has been a slow and
difficult process and growth remains lackluster. To achieve strong, sustainable
and balanced growth is still a daunting challenge facing all of us.
今天的亚洲正处在发展的关键时期。亚洲是全球最具活力的地区之一，经济规模占世界的1/3，人口有40多亿，劳动力供给充足，后发优势明显，发展潜力远未释放。同时，亚洲大多是发展中国家，人均GDP不高，地区发展水平很不平衡，还有7亿多人生活在国际贫困线以下，发展经济、改善民生的任务依然艰巨。亚洲各国既面临老问题，也有不少新烦恼。解决亚洲的问题，归根结底，还是要靠发展。发展改变世界，发展创造未来。发展仍是亚洲国家的第一要务。
Asia is at a crucial stage of
development. Asia is one of the most dynamic regions in the world. It boasts
one third of the global GDP, over 4 billion people and ample supply of labor
force. It enjoys distinct advantages as a late comer and has tremendous
untapped development potential. That said, most Asian countries are developing
nations, with low per capita GDP and uneven regional development. Over 700
million people in Asia still live below the international poverty line. Asia is
faced with the huge challenge of growing the economy and improving people’s
livelihood. And Asian countries have to address both old problems and new ones.
Ultimately, the key to solving Asia’s problems lies in development. It is
development that will change the world and shape the future. Development
therefore remains the top priority of Asian countries.
新形势下，亚洲保持发展势头需要源头活水，最重要的是发掘新的动力。本届年会以“亚洲的新未来：寻找和释放新的发展动力”为主题，很有现实针对性，这对亚洲乃至全球都具有深远意义。在此，我愿提出几点看法，与大家交流。
To sustain its development
momentum under the new conditions, Asia needs to find a dynamic source of
development to re-energize itself. The theme of the annual conference: “Asia’s
New Future: Identifying New Growth Drivers” cannot be more relevant and is
crucial to Asia and the world. Here, I wish to share with you my views as
follows:
第一，坚持共同发展的大方向，结成亚洲利益共同体。在经济全球化背景下，亚洲各国的发展，不可能独善其身，也不应该是“零和博弈”，而是你中有我、我中有你的互利合作，能产生“一加一大于二”的叠加效应，甚至是“二乘二大于四”的乘数效应。时至今日，国际金融危机的影响还没有过去，发达国家宏观政策调整又增加了发展环境的复杂性，部分亚洲国家经济增速下滑、通胀上升，甚至出现资本外流、货币贬值现象，国际上唱衰新兴经济体的声音再起。面对这些新情况、新问题，亚洲国家要继续同舟共济、共克时艰，把经济的互补性转化为发展的互助力，不断扩大利益交汇点，实现互惠共存、互利共赢。
First, we should stick to the
overarching goal of common development and build an Asian community of shared
interests. In the age of economic globalization, no Asian countries can achieve
development in isolation from each other, still less can they pursue
development as a “zero-sum game”. Rather, with our interests closely entwined,
we the Asian countries need to seek mutually beneficial cooperation where “one
plus one can make more than two” and even produces a multiplying effect in
which “two plus two makes more than four”. The impact of the international
financial crisis still affects us. Macro-policy adjustments made by developed
countries have added uncertainty to the environment for development. Some Asian
countries have experienced economic slowdown, rising inflation, and even
capital flight and currency depreciation. Pessimistic views about the prospects
of emerging economies have resurfaced. Faced with these new developments and
new problems, we countries in Asia should continue to act in the spirit of
solidarity in face of difficulties, turn our strong economic complementarity
into mutual support for each other’s development, expand convergence of
interests and achieve mutually beneficial coexistence and win-win development.
过去十多年，亚洲区内贸易规模从1万亿美元扩大到3万亿美元，占区域各国贸易总量的比例从30%上升到50%，但如与欧盟相比还有很大差距。区域经济一体化是地区各国的共同利益所在，我们应齐心协力促进贸易自由化和投资便利化，提升区域和次区域合作水平。“区域全面经济伙伴关系协定”（RCEP）是亚洲地区参与成员最多、规模最大的贸易协定谈判，是对既有成熟自贸区的整合。RCEP具有较强的包容性，符合亚洲产业结构、经济模式和社会传统实际，采取循序渐进方式，兼顾成员国不同发展水平，不排斥其他区域贸易安排。中方愿与各方一道，积极推动谈判进程。与此同时，可考虑启动亚太自贸区（FTAAP）的可行性研究，以实现亚太地区贸易投资利益最大化。中国对“跨太平洋战略经济伙伴关系协定”（TPP）持开放态度，只要有利于世界贸易的发展，有利于公平开放的贸易环境，中方乐见其成。我们坚持维护世界贸易组织（WTO）多边贸易体制在全球贸易发展中的主导地位，RCEP和TPP应成为多边贸易体制的重要补充，二者可以并行不悖、相互促进，希望RCEP在2015年能够达成协议。众人拾柴火焰高。只要地区各国同心并力，就一定能够继续发挥亚洲作为世界经济重要引擎的作用。
In the past decade and more,
intra-regional trade in Asia has expanded from US$1 trillion to US$3 trillion,
and its share of total trade of all Asian countries increased from 30% to 50%.
Yet this is still far less than that in the EU. Regional economic integration
meets the interests of all Asian countries. We need to work in unison to
promote trade liberalization and investment facilitation, and upgrade regional
and sub-regional cooperation. The negotiation on the Regional Comprehensive
Economic Partnership (RCEP) is the largest trade agreement negotiation with the
most extensive participation in East Asia, and the RCEP is integration of
existing mature free trade areas. Being highly inclusive and based on Asia’s
industrial structure, economic model and social tradition, the RCEP is a
phased-in arrangement that accommodates member countries at different levels of
development, and it does not exclude other regional trading arrangements. China
will work with all other parties to accelerate the negotiating process. At the
same time, the launching of a feasibility study on a Free Trade Area of the
Asia-Pacific (FTAAP) may be considered to maximize the benefits of trade and
investment in the Asia-Pacific. China takes an open position towards the
Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP). As long as the TPP is conducive to the development
of global trade and the fostering of an equitable and open trading environment,
China is happy to see its conclusion. We are committed to upholding the central
role of the WTO multilateral trading system in global trade development. Both
the RCEP and the TPP should become important supplements to the multilateral
trading system, and these two mechanisms should go hand in hand and reinforce
each other. We hope that agreement can be reached on the RCEP by 2015. As a
Chinese saying goes, “When everybody puts firewood in the fire, the flame rises
high.” As long as the Asian countries make concerted efforts, we can ensure
that Asia will continue to serve as an important engine driving the global
economy.
第二，构建融合发展的大格局，形成亚洲命运共同体。实现亚洲共同发展，根本出路在于经济融合。创造亚洲的美好未来，要靠各国的自身发展，更要靠地区的共同进步。中国有句谚语，“单丝难成线，独木不成林。”地区国家要深化各领域务实合作，在开放中融合，在融合中发展，系牢经济联系的纽带，抓住创新发展的机遇，掌握自己的发展命运。
Second, we should foster a
general environment for integrated development and form an Asian community of
common destiny. Economic integration is central to achieving common development
in Asia. Asia’s beautiful future hinges upon not only the development of each
and every country but, more importantly, the common progress of the whole
region. As a Chinese adage aptly puts it, “A single thread cannot be spun into
a cord. And a single tree cannot create a forest.” We the Asian countries need
to deepen result-oriented cooperation in all fields, pursue integration through
opening-up and development through integration, strengthen economic ties, seize
the opportunity of innovation-driven development, and thus hold the destiny of
development in our own hands.
基础设施互联互通是融合发展的基本条件。地区各国应携起手来,加快推进铁路、公路、航空、水运等基础设施建设。中方愿与相关国家一起，规划建设孟中印缅经济走廊、中巴经济走廊，打造中国－东盟自贸区升级版，今年还要推动“丝绸之路经济带”和“21世纪海上丝绸之路”建设的重要项目。中方愿与域内外相关方抓紧磋商亚洲基础设施投资银行筹备事宜，争取早日正式成立。产业互接互补是融合发展的主要内容。各国应利用相互毗邻的地缘优势，推动上、中、下游全产业链深度合作，形成优势互补的产业网络和经济体系。亚洲经济的命运取决于改革创新和结构调整。各国要顺应全球新技术革命大趋势，加强相互交流，借鉴彼此经验，促进科技进步和人才培养，尤其是青年人才的培养，推动以绿色能源环保、互联网等为重要内容的“新经济”发展，占领未来发展制高点，提升产业和经济竞争力。这不仅有助于增强本区域持久发展的内生动力，也将为全球经济复苏带来新的机遇。
Infrastructure connectivity is a
basic condition for integrated development. Countries in the region should join
hands and speed up infrastructure construction including rail, road, air and
water transportation. China is ready to work with countries involved to draw up
plans for building the Bangladesh-China-India-Myanmar (BCIM) Economic Corridor
and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, and upgrade China-ASEAN FTA. China
will continue to promote the important projects of the Silk Road Economic Belt
and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road this year. China is ready to intensify
consultations with relevant parties in and outside Asia on the preparations for
the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank and hopes that the bank can be
officially launched at an early date. Industrial complementarity is a key
aspect of integrated development. We the Asian countries should take advantage
of our geographical proximity to deepen cooperation across the upstream,
mid-stream and downstream industrial chains, and build an industrial network
and economic system that draw on our respective comparative strengths. The
destiny of the Asian economy hinges on reform, innovation and structural
adjustment. Asian countries need to ride the global trend of new technology
revolution, enhance exchanges, and draw on each other’s experience to advance
scientific and technological progress and personnel training, especially young
people, boost the “new economy” featuring green development, energy,
environmental protection and the internet so as to seize an advantageous
position in future development and raise industrial and economic
competitiveness. This will not only increase the internal impetus for achieving
sustained development in our region, but also create new opportunities for
global economic recovery.
第三，维护和平发展的大环境，打造亚洲责任共同体。地区动荡是祸，周边稳定是福。亚洲的进步得益于和平稳定的地区环境，和平稳定是亚洲发展的基础保障。60年前，中国、印度和缅甸共同倡导的“和平共处五项原则”，已成为国际关系基本准则，这充满了东方智慧，也是对人类文明作出的重要贡献，我们要把和平共处的理念世代传承下去。远亲不如近邻，近邻可成友邻。实现亚洲的和平与稳定，需要地区国家凝聚共识，积极作为，共同担当起应尽的责任。各国应推动安全对话与磋商，加强灾害管理、海上搜救、反对恐怖主义、打击跨国犯罪等非传统安全领域合作，积极探讨建立亚洲区域安全合作框架。
Third, we should maintain the
general environment of peaceful development and build an Asian community of
shared responsibilities. Regional turbulence courts disaster while stability in
the neighborhood brings prosperity. Asia owes its progress to a peaceful and
stable regional environment, and peace and stability are the fundamental
safeguards for Asia’s development. Sixty years ago, China, India and Myanmar
jointly initiated the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, which have
become basic norms governing international relations. These principles embody
Oriental wisdom and represent a major contribution to human civilization, and
we should pass on the vision of peaceful coexistence from generation to
generation. A close neighbor is better than a kinsman afar, and close neighbors
can become best friends. To achieve peace and stability in Asia, we the Asian
countries should build consensus, make active efforts and jointly fulfill our
due responsibilities. We should promote security dialogue and consultation,
strengthen cooperation on non-traditional security issues, including disaster
management, maritime search and rescue, counter-terrorism and combating
transnational crimes, and actively explore the establishment of a regional
security cooperation framework in Asia.
这里我要强调，中国将继续坚持走和平发展道路，奉行睦邻友好的周边外交政策。同时，我们维护本国领土主权的意志是坚定不移的，愿通过和平手段解决争端的主张也是明确的。对加强海上合作的积极行动，我们会倾力支持；对破坏南海和平稳定的挑衅行为，我们会果断回应。中国人历来讲求“以德报德，以直报怨”，我们重情义，不会亏待朋友；我们讲原则，坚定维护根本立场。南海和平稳定符合包括中国在内的周边国家的共同利益，中方愿在《南海各方行为宣言》（DOC）框架下，稳妥推进“南海行为准则”（COC）磋商进程，共同维护南海的和平稳定和航行自由。中国珍爱和平、渴望发展，愿与地区各国共同致力于建设和平、繁荣和开放的亚洲，在不断增强政治互信中维护亚洲周边的和平、稳定和安宁。
Here I wish to emphasize that
China is committed to peaceful development. We pursue a neighborhood policy of
building amity and friendship, and we are firm in our resolve to uphold China’s
territorial sovereignty. We also follow a clear-cut policy of seeking peaceful
solutions to disputes. We will give full support to initiatives that help
strengthen maritime cooperation. We will not accept acts that undermine
stability in the South China Sea. We Chinese believe in repaying kindness with
kindness and meeting wrongdoing with justice. We value friendship and never
treat friends unfairly, and we also stand by principles and firmly uphold our
fundamental position. A peaceful and stable South China Sea is in the interest
of all littoral countries, including China. China is ready to steadily advance
consultation on a code of conduct in the South China Sea within the framework
of the Declaration on the Conduct of
Parties in the South China Sea, and work with other countries to ensure
peace, stability and freedom of navigation in the South China Sea. China loves
peace and cherishes development. It is ready to work with other countries in
the region to build a peaceful, prosperous and open Asia and maintain peace,
stability and tranquility in our neighborhood by enhancing political mutual
trust. |
