| 英语口译、笔译资料下载 Opening
Remarks at the International Conference on Urban China: Toward Efficient,
Inclusive and Sustainable Urbanization 在“中国：推进高效、包容、可持续的城镇化国际研讨会”上的讲话
Sri Mulyani Indrawati, Managing
Director and Chief Operating Officer, the World Bank Group 世界银行集团常务副行长英卓华
Beijing, China 北京，中国
March 25, 2014 2014年3月25日
Honorable
Ministers, Ladies and Gentlemen,
尊敬的各位部长，女士们，先生们，
I am delighted to be here today
to present our work. This is the second time the Development Research Center
and the World Bank are looking into critical issues of China’s future. Just
over two years ago we jointly published the
China 2030 Report. The findings of that report are today widely accepted
and many of the recommendations are being implemented.
很高兴今天在此发布我们的研究成果。这是国务院发展研究中心和世界银行第二次共同探讨中国未来的关键问题。
两年前，我们共同发布了《2030年的中国》报告。该报告的结论今天已得到广泛接受，许多建议已付诸实施。
Fifteen months ago, during Jim
Yong Kim’s first visit to China as World Bank Group President, he and Premier
Li Kequiang decided to work on another study, this time on urbanization.
15个月前，在世界银行集团金墉行长上任后首次访华期间，他和李克强总理决定再开展一个合作研究项目，这次的主题是城镇化。
I would like to thank Premier Li
for his strong commitment to this project. President Kim and I are excited
about the outcome and impressed with the spirit of openness, analytical rigor
and diligence that went into this work.
我想感谢李克强总理给予这个项目的强有力的承诺。金墉行长和我对项目的结果倍感兴奋，也对在这项研究中表现出的开放、严谨和勤奋的精神留下了深刻印象。
I would also like to thank Vice
Minister Shi and Vice Minister Han for hosting today’s conference, and bringing
together this distinguished audience to discuss the work. I also would like to
express my appreciation to Vice Minister Liu Shijin. Together with Vice
Minister Han he led the team at the Development Research Center of the State
Council. Their leadership throughout this project has been exemplary.
我还想感谢史副部长和韩副主任主持今天的会议，邀请了这么多贵宾出席讨论研究成果。我也想向领导发展研究中心团队的刘世锦副主任和韩俊副主任表示感谢，他们在这个项目中领导作用堪称楷模。
Why
focus on urbanization? 为什么关注城镇化？
We live in a rapidly urbanizing
world. We are discussing China’s urbanization today. But let us be mindful that
world at large will be urbanized during our lifetime. 2011 was the year when,
for the first time in history more than 50 percent of the people lived in
cities.
我们生活在一个快速走向城市化的世界。今天我们讨论中国的城镇化问题，但我们要牢记全世界在我们的有生之年都会走向城镇化。在2011年，有史以来第一次城市人口超过 了50%。
By 2030 the global urban
population will have doubled, adding 2 billion more people to cities. The size
of built-up areas will have tripled from what it was in 2000. Every year, 20
million Chinese move into cities. That is 1.8 million a month, the equivalent
of the cities of Hamburg or Vienna.
到2030年，全球的城市人口将会增加一倍，即增加20多亿人。城市建成区的面积将会是是2000年的三倍。
每年有2000万中国人迁入城市，即每月平均180万人，相当于汉堡或维也纳的人口。
If managed well, urbanization can
create enormous opportunities: allowing innovation and new ideas to emerge,
saving energy, land and natural resources, managing climate and the risk of
disasters. Globally, almost 80 % of GDP is generated in cities. It will be
difficult for any country to reach middle-income status and beyond without
getting urbanization right.
管理好城镇化可以创造巨大的机遇：有助创新和新想法不断涌现，节约能源、土地和自然资源，管控好气候和灾害风险。
从全球来看，近80％的GDP产生在城市。任何一个国家，如果不把城镇化的事情做好，很难达到中等或者更高的收入水平。
Urbanization creates
opportunities. But cities also consume around 70% of the world’s energy and
account for nearly 80% of global greenhouse gas emissions.
城镇化创造机遇。但城市也占世界能源消耗量约70％，占全球温室气体排放量近80％。
As we think about new approaches
to urbanization here in China, we are also providing solutions for other
countries facing similar issues. China’s success in urbanization will lead the
way for global solutions.
当我们考虑中国的新型城镇化模式时，也是在为其他面临类似问题的国家提供解决之道。中国城镇化的成功可以为全球解决城镇化问题提供指导。
This type of sharing knowledge,
capacity, and experience is vital to development success. We hope that the
research we present today can and will be applied in cities like Lagos, Rio de
Janeiro, Mumbai, or elsewhere.
这种知识、能力和经验的共享对于发展事业的成功至关重要。我们希望今天在此介绍的研究成果能够而且将会在拉各斯、里约热内卢、孟买以及其他城市得到应用。
The
challenges 挑战
Over the past three decades,
about 260 million migrants moved to China’s cities. Many left poverty and farm
work behind in favor of more productive and higher paying jobs. In 2030, just
16 years from now, up to 70 percent of all Chinese will live in cities. We are
talking about one billion people who strive for success in functioning and
sustainable urban settings.
在过去的30年里，中国城市的外来人口约有2.6亿人。许多人离开贫困乡村和农业劳动来寻找生产率和收入更高的工作。
到2030年，即从现在起16年后，中国人口中将有多达70％居住在城市。我们所说的是10亿人在运转良好和具有可持续性的城市环境中努力奋斗争取成功。
China’s urbanization supported
the country’s impressive growth and rapid economic transformation. And China
avoided some of the common ills of urbanization, notably poverty, unemployment
and slums. But despite the success, strains are starting to show. Many of them
are familiar to you. Let me highlight the most pressing:
中国的城镇化支持了中国举世瞩目的经济增长和快速的经济转型。中国避免了城镇化的一些通病，特别是贫困、失业和贫民窟。但是，尽管取得了成功，压力也开始显现，其中许多为各位所熟知。我着重讲一下最迫切的问题：
China’s growth has been driven by
investment rather than productivity. But investment has become less effective
in generating growth both in cities and nationwide.
中国的经济增长一直是靠投资而不是生产力驱动。但是，投资对增长的刺激效应在城市和全国范围都已减弱。
Urbanization has relied on land
conversion and land financing, which is causing urban sprawl and, on occasion,
ghost towns and waste.
城镇化一直是依靠土地用途转换和土地融资，因而导致了城市蔓延，有时也造成空城和浪费。
Land conversion has added to inequalities,
and has fed social unrest among farmers whose land has been expropriated,
especially in peri-urban areas.
土地用途转换加剧了不平等，在被征地农民中造成社会动荡，特别是在城乡接合部。
Barriers to migration have kept
China’s urbanization rate artificially low, curbing economic opportunities and
widening urban-rural income inequality.
人口迁移存在障碍，人为地造成了中国城镇化率偏低，抑制了经济机会，扩大了城乡收入差距。
Citizens without urban household
registration do not enjoy have equal access to public services in cities,
another barrier to mobility.
没有城市户籍的居民在城市里无法享受均等的公共服务，这是影响人口流动的又一个障碍。
Smog and poor water are putting
the health of citizens and particularly their children at risk.
雾霾和水质差将国民尤其是其子女的健康置于风险之下。
And finally, land-intensive
urbanization has reduced farmland. It creates competition for water, adds to
pollution, while undermining agricultural productivity and food security.
最后，土地密集型城镇化导致农田减少，造成水资源竞争，加重了污染，同时也影响了农业生产力和粮食安全。 |
