I’m
very pleased to announce today that with the support of our Board, we now have
the capacity to nearly double our annual lending to middle-income countries
from $15 billion to as much as $28 billion dollars a year. This means that the
World Bank’s lending capacity – or the amount of loans we can carry on our
balance sheet -- will increase by $100 billion dollars in the next decade, to
roughly $300 billion dollars. This is in addition to the largest replenishment
in history of IDA, our fund for the poorest countries, with nearly $52 billion
dollars in grants and concessional loans.
今天我很高兴地在此宣布，在世行执董会的支持下，我们现在已有能力将每年向中等收入国家提供的贷款额增加近一倍，从年均150亿美元增加到280亿美元。这意味着世界银行的贷款能力——或者说我们的资产负债表能够承受的贷款额——可以在未来十年增加1000亿美元，达到约3000亿美元。除此之外，国际开发协会有史以来实现的最大增资还可为最贫困国家提供近520亿美元的赠款和优惠贷款。
At
the same time, we are also increasing our direct support to the private sector.
MIGA is planning to increase its new guarantees by nearly 50 percent over the
next four years. IFC expects it will nearly double its portfolio over the next
decade to $90 billion. In 10 years, we believe IFC’s annual new commitments
will increase to $26 billion dollars.
与此同时，我们也不断增加对私营部门的直接支持。多边投资担保机构计划在未来四年内将新增担保额增加近50％。国际金融公司预计将在未来十年内将其资产组合增加近一倍达到900亿美元。我们相信十年后国际金融公司的年度新增承诺额将增加到260亿美元。
Taken
as a whole, the World Bank Group’s annual commitment, which today is around $45
to $50 billion dollars, is expected to grow to more than $70 billion in the
coming years. This increased financial firepower represents unprecedented
growth for the World Bank Group. We are now in a position to mobilize and
leverage, in total, hundreds of billions of dollars annually in the years
ahead.
总的来看，世界银行集团的年度承诺额目前为450亿到500亿美元，预计今后几年将突破700亿美元。财力的增加标志着世界银行集团前所未有的成长。我们现在处于有利地位可以每年调动和利用总额多达数千亿美元的资金。
At
the same time, as a matter of integrity we needed to look inside our
institution and identify savings. Almost every large organization can become
more efficient. We announced a goal of saving $400 million dollars in the next
three years, and in the days ahead we will give details about the majority of
those savings, which we will then reinvest in countries. I believe we must get
leaner in order to get bigger.
与此同时，从廉政的角度来说，我们需要从机构内部寻找节约开支的途径。几乎每个大型机构都有提高效率的空间。我们已宣布了在未来三年节约四亿美元的目标，并将在今后几天提供大部分节支途径的详细情况，然后我们将把节约的资金再用于各国的投资项目。我认为我们必须瘦身才能更加强大。
In
the coming years, what will we be doing? We will follow the evidence and we
will be bold. The fact is that two-thirds of the world’s extreme poor are
concentrated in just five countries – India, China, Nigeria, Bangladesh, and
the Democratic Republic of Congo. If you add another five countries –
Indonesia, Pakistan, Tanzania, Ethiopia, and Kenya – the total grows to 80
percent of the extreme poor. Expect us to focus on these countries. But we will
not ignore the others. We will have a strategy that ensures no country is left
behind as we move toward the target in 2030.
未来几年我们将会做什么？我们将遵循实证指引，我们将大胆作为。事实是，世界上三分之二的极贫人口集中在五个国家——印度、中国、尼日利亚、孟加拉国和刚果民主共和国。如果再加上五个国家——印尼、巴基斯坦、坦桑尼亚、埃塞俄比亚和肯尼亚，总数会达到极贫人口的80％。预期我们会专注于这些国家，但我们也不会忽略其他国家。我们将要奉行的战略是确保在迈向2030年目标的进程中不让任何一个国家掉队。
So
how will we be bold?
那么，我们怎样才算大胆作为？
Well,
one example is in China, where last week we launched our report with the
government on the future of China’s cities. This report included the work of
more than 100 World Bank Group staff and has already spurred China to make
policy decisions that address critical development and urbanization challenges,
including green growth, pollution, and land rights for farmers. This report
will help China shift its focus from the quantity of growth to the quality of
growth in order to improve the lives of its citizens. We hope these lessons
from China will be benefit cities around the world.
一个例子是中国，上周我们和政府一起发布了中国城镇化报告。这份报告有100多名世行员工参与研究，并已促使中国作出应对发展与城市化重大挑战的政策决策，包括促进绿色增长，治理污染和保障农民的土地权益。这份报告将帮助中国将关注点从增长的数量转向增长的质量，提高国民的生活水平。我们希望这些中国的经验对于世界各地的城市也会有益。
A
second example is our work on the Inga hydroelectric project. Just two weeks
ago, our Board approved a $73 million dollar grant to the Democratic Republic
of Congo. Grand Inga could be the world’s
largest hydropower site, generating more 40 gigawatts of power, which is equal
to a half of all the installed capacity of all of sub-Saharan Africa today.
第二个例子是我们围绕印加水力发电项开展的工作。就在两周前，世行执董会批准向刚果民主共和国提供赠款7300万美元。印加有可能成为世界上最大的水电站，装机容量超过40GW，相等于整个撒哈拉以南非洲目前装机总容量的一半。
Moreover,
it would prevent the emission of 8 billion tons of carbon over 30 years if coal
was used to generate the same amount of power.
We need this power desperately in Africa; today the combined energy
usage of the billion people who live in the entire continent of Africa equals
what Belgium offers to its 11 million residents. This is a form of energy
apartheid that we must tackle if we are serious about helping African countries
grow and create opportunities for all Africans.
此外，这个项目与煤炭发电相比在30年里可实现碳减排80亿吨。非洲迫切需要电力，目前整个非洲大陆十亿居民的能源消耗总量仅仅相当于比利时1100万居民的能源消耗量。这是一种能源种族隔离，我们必须加以解决，才能真正有助于非洲各国的经济增长和为全体非洲人创造机会。
A
third example of being bold is our work in supporting conditional cash transfer
programs. These programs provide monthly payments to poor families if, for
example, they send their children to school or go to the doctor for a check-up.
The results have been astounding. Before conditional cash transfer programs,
school attendance by poor children in parts of Cambodia was 60 percent; today,
after the program started, nearly 90 percent of the children attended
school. In Tanzania, along with the
country leaders and the United Nations, we have decided to greatly expand the
conditional cash transfer program, which was started in 2010 for 20,000
households. By the middle of next year, we estimate it will reach 1 million
households – covering 5 to 6 million of the country’s poorest people. This is
what we mean by identifying successful programs, working with partners, and
taking transformational solutions to scale.
第三个大胆作为的例子是我们在支持有条件的现金转移支付计划方面的工作。比如，这些计划每月给贫困家庭提供现金供他们送孩子上学或者看病做检查。其结果一直令人惊叹。在没有实行有条件的现金转移支付计划之前，柬埔寨部分地区的贫困儿童入学率为60％，而在该计划启动后，如今近90％的儿童都上了学。在坦桑尼亚，我们与联合国以及该国领导人联手，决定大规模推广有条件的现金转移计划，该计划在2010年启动时涉及2万户居民。到明年年中，我们估计将达到100万户居民，包括该国5到6百万最贫穷的人口。这就是我们所说的发现成功的项目，与合作伙伴密切协作，大规模推广具有变革意义的解决方案。
This
is the path we are taking in order to serve countries better. The World Bank
Group is committed to working in more effective ways with key partners and
stakeholders, including those in civil society and the private sector. We need
partnerships, strong global institutions, a vibrant private sector and
committed political leaders. Most important of all, we need to unite people
around the world in a global movement to end poverty.
这是我们为了更好地服务于各国所选择的路径。世界银行集团更加致力于寻找更有效的方式加强与其他主要合作伙伴及利益相关方的合作，也包括与公民社会和私营部门加强合作。我们需要伙伴关系，需要强大的国际机构，需要充满活力的私营部门，需要做出承诺的政治领袖。最重要的是，我们需要团结全世界人民，共同投入一场争取终结贫困的全球性运动。
As
a physician, health activist and later health policymaker, I had the privilege
to be part of the international HIV/AIDS movement that emerged in the 1990s.
The AIDS fight is a story of vast human suffering—but it’s also one of history’s
most inspiring examples of successful global mobilization to reach shared
goals.
作为一名医生、健康活动家和后来的卫生政策制定者，我有幸参与了上世纪90年代兴起的国际艾滋病运动。艾滋病之战是一个反映人类巨大痛苦的故事，但也是一个有史以来成功进行全球社会动员实现共同目标的最鼓舞人心的例子。
When
HIV treatment appeared in the late 1990s, organizations reached across borders
to build a genuinely global AIDS movement, committed to making treatment
available to everyone. The 200-fold
expansion in access to AIDS treatment in developing countries over the last
decade is the fruit of this movement. Millions of lives have been saved, and
millions of children still have a mother and a father.
随着上世纪90年代抗逆转录病毒疗法的出现，各个机构跨越国界建立了一个真正的全球性艾滋病运动，致力于向所有人提供治疗。在过去十年间，发展中国家艾滋病治疗的可及性扩大了200倍，正是这一运动取得的硕果，数以百万计的生命得以挽救，数以百万计的儿童仍有父母荫蔽。
Social
movements can produce solutions to problems that appear insurmountable. We need
to take the lessons from such efforts and apply them to nurturing a movement
around today’s great challenges: ending poverty … boosting shared prosperity …
and ensuring that our economic progress does not irreparably compromise our
children’s future because of climate change.
社会运动可以产生针对貌似无法解决的问题的解决之道。我们需要从这些努力中汲取经验教训，并将其运用于围绕当前的巨大挑战发起一场运动：终结贫困……促进共享繁荣……并确保我们的经济发展不会因为气候变化而对子孙后代造成不可弥补的损害。
Last
fall, I had the opportunity to discuss these issues with Pope Francis. When I
described our commitment to build a global movement to end extreme poverty by
2030, the Pope answered simply, “Cuenta conmigo.” Count on me. With leaders
like Pope Francis, a global movement to end poverty in our lifetime is
possible.
去年秋天，我曾有机会与教皇方济各探讨这些问题。当我介绍了我们决心开展一场全球性运动推进2030年终结极贫的目标时，教皇的回答很干脆：“Cuenta
conmigo，”相信我。有了像教皇方济各这样的领导人，开展一场在我们有生之年终结贫困的全球性运动是完全有可能的。
All
parts of our global society must unite to translate the vision of a more just,
sustainable economy into the resolute action that will be our legacy to the
future. In global institutions, governments, companies, and communities around
the world, people have begun to work to make the vision real. To all those
people, to all of you, I say: We stand with you.
我们国际社会各方必须团结起来，将建立更公正、可持续的经济的愿景转化为坚定的行动，这将成为我们留给未来的遗产。在国际机构、政府、企业和世界各地的社区，人们已开始致力于使这一愿景变为现实。对所有这些人，对在座的各位，我要说：我们和你们站在一起。
We
are ready. Cuenten con nosotros. You can count on us.
我们准备好了。Cuenten con nosotros。你们可以相信我们。
Thank
you very much.
谢谢各位。 |
