| 英语口译、笔译资料下载 Daring
the Difference: The 3 L’s of Women’s Empowerment 挑战差别：女性赋权——学习、劳动、领导地位
Christine Lagarde, Managing
Director, International Monetary Fund 克里斯蒂娜·拉加德，国际货币基金组织总裁
National Democratic Institute,
Washington DC, May 19, 2014 全美国际事务民主学会，华盛顿特区，2014年5月19日
Good afternoon. It is great to be
here today among friends and kindred spirits. The National Democratic Institute
is a passionate advocate for the full participation of women in the life of
nations. I admire you, I salute you, I am with you.
下午好。今天能与志同道合的朋友们在一起，我感到很高兴。全美国际事务民主学会积极倡导女性全面参与国家生活。我钦佩你们，赞赏你们，支持你们。
Let me begin by thanking
Madeleine Albright, a great public servant, a great inspiration to us all, and
to me personally. I would also like to thank Kenneth Wollack, the president of
the Institute, and the talented Claire Shipman.
我首先要感谢马德琳·奥尔布赖特。她是一名杰出的公务员，给我们所有人，包括我个人，以极大鼓舞。我还要感谢肯尼斯·沃拉克会长，以及才华横溢的克莱尔·希普曼。
Let me also recognize the
wonderful organization being honored today, Aswat Nisaa, and its president,
Ikram Ben Saïd. This group is doing remarkable work in Tunisia in furthering
gender equality and women’s leadership—and will set standards, I hope, in
neighboring countries and around the world. The world needs more people who do
what you do.
我还想对今天得到表彰的名为“妇女的声音”的杰出组织及其主席伊克拉姆·本·赛德表示赞赏。在促进性别平等和提升女性领导地位方面，这个组织在突尼斯开展了令人瞩目的工作——我希望，这个组织成为其邻国乃至世界各地的一个标杆。这个世界需要更多他们这样的人。
I want to begin today with a
story—a well-known puzzle. A young boy is involved in a traffic accident, and
is immediately rushed to the hospital for urgent surgery.
我今天的演讲想从一个故事开始，一个著名的脑筋急转弯。一个小男孩出了交通事故，被立即送往医院进行紧急手术。
In the bustle and chaos of the
hospital environment, the surgeon strides into the operating room. Think of a
quintessential surgeon—brimming with confidence and authority, a true type-A
personality, one who knows instinctively how to take charge.
在医院的喧嚣忙乱之中，外科医生大步迈入手术室。大家想象的出，这是一位典型的外科医生——充满了信心和权威，真正的A型人格，在掌控局面方面得心应手。
Yet this distinguished surgeon
looks down at the boy and gasps, saying: “I can’t operate on this boy… it’s my
son”.
可是，这位杰出的医生低头看了一下男孩，倒吸了一口气，然后说：“我没法给这个男孩做手术……他是我的儿子。”
Indeed, the boy is the surgeon’s
son. Yet the surgeon is not the boy’s father. Who then?
男孩确实是这位外科医生的儿子。但医生不是男孩的父亲。那会是谁呢？
I know that everyone in this room
can see the answer immediately. It is simple—the surgeon is a she, she is the
boy’s mother.
我知道，在座的每个人都能马上知道答案。很简单——外科医生是一位女性，是男孩的母亲。
Yet I also know that plenty of
educated and erudite people—even educated and erudite women—do not see this at
first blush. They puzzle over it and circle around it; suggesting uncle,
grandfather, stepfather—answers that really make little sense.
但我也知道，很多受过良好教育的人、甚至博学之士——他们中还有很多是女性——都没能一下答出来。他们感到困惑不解，围着这个问题打转。他们猜是叔叔、爷爷、或者继父——所有答案都不合理。
Unfortunately, this is the rub.
When it comes to thinking about women in powerful positions, we are too often
blinded by the daggers of the mind, infected by the malignant mind bugs that
mire us in the prejudices of the past.
不幸的是，这恰恰就是问题所在。对于身居高职的女性，我们往往被固有看法蒙蔽，被“思想病毒”感染，从而陷在了过去的偏见之中。
You know this. It is what you
fight on a daily basis all over the world. And because we know it hurts the
global economy, it is on the radar of the IMF.
你们知道这一点。这也正是你们每天在世界各地奋力抗争的。我们知道，这个问题会损害全球经济，所以也成为了基金组织的关注领域。
My message is simple: we need a
21st century mentality for women’s economic participation. We need to flush
away the flotsam of ingrained gender inequality.
我想传达的讯息很简单：我们需要以21世纪的心态来看待女性对经济生活的参与。我们需要消除根深蒂固的性别不平等。
We need to, as I like to say,
“dare the difference”. To “dare” means to take risks, to step out of our cozy
comfort zones, to let hope extinguish fear and courage conquer timidity.
正如我总爱说的，我们要“挑战差别”。“挑战”意味着承担风险，走出我们舒适的安乐窝，用希望来消灭恐惧，用勇气来战胜胆怯。
Ultimately, daring the difference
means wedging open the door to the contribution of women—their learning, their
labor, and their leadership. The “3 L’s” of women’s empowerment. Let me talk
briefly about each of them.
最终，挑战差别意味着，为女性开启一扇大门，让她们做出自己的贡献——她们的学习，她们的劳动，她们的领导地位。以上统称为女性赋权的“3个L”。现在我就简单谈谈这三方面。
Learning 学习
Let me begin with learning. By
this I mean the over-riding importance of women’s education, the foundation
upon which everything else must be built.
我首先从学习开始。提到学习，我想指出的是，女性教育具有压倒一切的重要性，这是其他所有工作的立足基础。
Education is both an elevator and
a springboard. It allows people to raise themselves up and to break down the
divides that keep them apart. At its best, education is a breaker of
shackles—the shackles of exclusion and insularity.
教育发挥着电梯和跳板的作用。教育使人们提升自己，打破人与人之间的分隔。教育还能打破束缚——排斥和偏狭的束缚。
If we think of life as a long
race, it is education that provides the training, the nourishment, and the
support. Without good quality education, you walk up to the starting line with
a severe disadvantage.
如果我们把生命看作一次长跑，那么教育能提供训练、营养和支撑。没有高质量的教育，你将输在起跑线上。
Education has always been the
wide avenue of opportunity. It was the US’s trailblazing education policy that
helped drive its economic leadership across the 20th century—and gender
equality was a crucial component of that strategy.
教育是通向机遇的宽广大道。美国的开创性教育政策促成了其在20世纪的经济领导地位，而性别平等是这一战略的关键组成部分。
Now, as we face up to the great
challenges of the 21st century, we must continue to bet on education,
especially for women. We still have some ground to make up here. For example,
while women account for 41 percent of science and engineering doctorates here
in the US, they form less than a quarter of the workforce in science,
technology, engineering and mathematics. We can do better, and we must do
better.
现在，在我们面对21世纪的巨大挑战时，我们必须继续重视教育，特别是女性的教育。在这方面，我们仍有一些地方需要加强。例如，在美国，获得科学和工程博士学位的人中，有41%是女性，但在从事科学、技术、工程和数学的劳动力队伍中，只有不到四分之一是女性。我们能做得更好。我们必须做得更好。
But where investment in education
is mission critical is in the developing countries, where girls and women can
make a huge difference.
但教育投资在发展中国家更为关键。在这些国家，女孩和妇女在获得教育后能够发挥巨大作用。
The gains for girls are
substantial. One study suggests that an extra year of primary school boosts
earning potential by 10-20 percent—and by 25 percent for an extra year of
secondary school.
女孩将受益匪浅。一项研究显示，多接受一年初等教育，收入能力将提高10-20%；多接受一年中等教育，收入能力将提高25%。
Ultimately, when women do well,
society does better. A study of 60 developing countries estimated that the
economic loss from not educating girls at the same level as boys amounted to
$90 billion a year.
最终，当女性获得成功时，整个社会就会获得成功。一项针对60个发展中国家的研究估计，因女童没有得到与男童相同水平的教育而产生的经济损失每年达900亿美元。
Women are more likely to spend
their resources on health and education, creating a powerful ripple effect
across society and across generations. One study suggests that women invest up
to 90 percent of their earnings this way, as opposed to just 30-40 percent for
men.
女性更有可能把资源花在医疗卫生和教育上，从而在整个社会和代际范围内产生强有力的连锁反应。一项研究显示，女性将高达90%的收入以这种方式投资出去，而男性的这一比例仅为30-40%。
As the old African adage goes:
“If you educate a boy, you train a man. If you educate a girl, you train a
village”.
正如一句古老的非洲格言所说，“让一个男孩受教育，受教育的是一个人。让一个女孩受教育，受教育的是整个村庄。”
So we must carry the banner for
women’s education. Women’s education is not a threat, it is a blessing. We must
make it a global priority, because it is one of the leading causes of our day.
所以，我们必须高举女性教育的旗帜。女性教育不是一种威胁，而是一件幸事。我们必须使它成为全球重点，因为它是我们今天面临现状的主要原因之一。
This is why girls like Malala
Yousafzai from Pakistan, who faced down Taliban assassins to demand the right
to an education, are admirable.
也正是因为这个原因，巴基斯坦少女马拉拉·尤萨夫扎伊这样的女孩令人敬佩，她直面塔利班的暗杀枪手，要求受教育的权利。
This is why groups like Boko
Haram in Nigeria, who kidnap and sell into slavery young girls who simply want
to go to school, are despicable—they themselves should be found and forced to
go to school for life.
也正是因为这个原因，尼日利亚“博科圣地”这样的组织令人憎恶，他们绑架年轻的女孩并把她们卖为奴隶，而这些女孩只是想去上学——这些组织的人就应该终生在学校接受教育。
In a deep sense, the actions of
Boko Haram represent the complete antithesis of the values inherent in
education. For their action degrades the dignity of the human being, while
education uplifts, enflames, and ennobles the human spirit.
从一个深层的意义上讲，“博科圣地”的行为站在了教育固有价值的完全对立面。这是因为，他们的行为损害了人的尊严，而教育能使人的精神得以提升、得以焕发、变得高尚。
So let us join our voices to the
voices of the world, and let loose an impassioned plea: bring back our girls,
bring back our girls. Respect our girls.
所以，让我们与世界一同呼喊，发出热切的恳求：让我们的女孩回来，让我们的女孩回来。尊重我们的女孩。 |
