| 英语口译、笔译资料下载 遵循五项原则携手构建命运共同体 Following
the Five Principles of Peaceful
Coexistence and Jointly Building a Community of Common Destiny
——在纪念和平共处五项原则60周年国际法研讨会上的讲话 –-Speech at the International
Colloquium Commemorating the 60th Anniversary of the Five Principles of
Peaceful Coexistence
外交部副部长
刘振民 H.E. Mr. LIU Zhenmin, Vice
Minister of Foreign Affairs, the People’s Republic of China
2014年5月27日，北京嘉里大酒店 Kerry Center, Beijing, May 27,
2014
尊敬的联合国法律顾问， 各位来宾， 女士们，先生们：
Honorable
Legal Counsel of the United Nations, Distinguished
Guests, Ladies
and Gentlemen,
大家好！首先，我谨代表中国外交部，向大家表示热烈的欢迎！
Good Morning. First please allow
me, on behalf of the Chinese Ministry of Foreign Affairs, to extend my warm
welcome to all of you.
今天，我们相聚北京，共同纪念和平共处五项原则发表60周年。专门从国际法角度研讨五项原则，这在历史上还是第一次，具有重要意义和长远影响。
Today, we gather here in Beijing
to commemorate the 60th anniversary of the
Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. An international law colloquium
specially dedicated to the Five
Principles is the first of its kind as far as I can remember. In that sense
I believe this event is of special and far-reaching significance.
60年前，中印缅三国在借鉴《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则的基础上提出了五项原则，因应了广大发展中国家反帝、反殖、反霸的时代要求，反映了发展中国家追求独立、自主、自强、发展的普遍诉求，开启了不同意识形态和社会制度国家之间交往的合作旅程，丰富和发展了以宪章为核心的国际法基本原则，表明了发展中国家遵循国际法基本原则的坚定立场。它面向亚洲，面向世界，体现着东方智慧，成为国际法和国际关系史上的创举。
Sixty years ago, drawing on the
purposes and principles of the UN Charter,
China, India and Myanmar jointly initiated the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence. The Five Principles were a direct response to developing countries’
appeal against imperialism, colonialism and hegemonism, and reflected the
aspirations of those countries for independence, autonomy, self-improvement and
development. The Five Principles also
pioneered a cooperative path for exchanges between countries with different
ideologies and social systems. Besides, these Five Principles enriched and developed the fundamental principles
of international law centered on the UN
Charter, testifying to developing countries’ firm adherence to the
fundamental principles of international law. Epitomizing oriental wisdom, the Five Principles were intended not only
for Asia, but also for the world at large, and were a true trailblazer in the
history of international law and international relations.
60年来，五项原则已发展成为中国独立自主和平外交政策的基石，载入《中华人民共和国宪法》，并被纳入中国与160多个国家的建交公报或双边条约。同时，五项原则也被国际社会广泛认同和遵循，成为指导国与国关系的基本准则，写入1955年《亚非会议最后公报》的“十项原则”和1974年联大《各国经济权利义务宪章》，并为1970年联大《关于各国依联合国宪章建立友好关系及合作之国际法原则之宣言》提供了宝贵的国家实践和法律确信，促进了国际关系健康稳定发展，维护了国际公平正义，为世界和平与人类进步作出了重要贡献。
During the past six decades, the Five Principles have served as the
cornerstone of China’s independent foreign policy of peace. They have been
written into the Constitution of the
People’s Republic of China, and incorporated into the communiqués on the
establishment of diplomatic relations or bilateral treaties that China signed
with over 160 countries. Internationally, they have received wide recognition
and compliance as part of the basic norms governing international relations. The
Five Principles found expressions in
the Ten Principles of Bandung
enunciated in the Final Communiqué of
the 1955 Asian-African Conference of
Bandung, and the 1974 UN Charter of
Economic Rights and Duties of States. Their broad application to
inter-state relations also provided evidence of a general practice of
fundamental principles accepted as law among states as contained in the 1970 UN Declaration on Principles of
International Law concerning Friendly Relations and Co-operation among States
in accordance with the Charter of the
United Nations. It is undeniable that these Principles have promoted the healthy and stable development of
international relations, helped achieve international justice, and contributed
to world peace and human progress.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
60年后的今天，世界已发生了重大而深刻的变化，国与国之间的相互联系、相互依存从未像今天这样紧密，人类的命运共同体意识不断加强，求和平、谋发展、促合作已经成为各国人民的普遍愿望和国际社会的共同追求。
Sixty years later, the world is
undergoing tremendous and profound changes. States have never been so closely
linked and interdependent as today. People across the world have increasingly
realized that they live in a community of common destiny. Peace, development
and cooperation have become the aspirations of people from all countries and
the common pursuit of the international community.
五项原则作为一个开放包容的国际法原则体系，60年来不断被赋予新的内涵，从“和平共处”到“和平发展”，到“和谐世界”，再到“合作共赢”的“命运共同体”，既有传承，更有发展，必将以其强大的生命力和广泛的适用性，继续为世界的和平与发展作出重要贡献。今天我们继承和发展五项原则，就是要大力弘扬五项原则四个核心价值观：
During the past six decades, the
tenets of the Five Principles, as a
set of principles of international law that is open and inclusive, have been
constantly enriched by evolving notions from peaceful coexistence to peaceful
development, to harmonious world, and to today’s win-win cooperation and
community of common destiny. With its strong vitality and universal
applicability, these Principles will continue to contribute significantly to
world peace and development. Today, as part of our efforts to carry forward
these Principles, we should uphold four core values enshrined in the Five Principles:
第一是主权观，这是五项原则的根本基础。坚持主权原则，就是要相互尊重彼此主权、安全和核心利益，尊重一国维护国家统一和领土完整的固有权利，相互尊重各自的社会制度、意识形态和发展道路，求同“融异”。一国的事情由本国人民做主，国际上的事情由各国人民商量着办。要依据《联合国宪章》和其他国际条约,尊重、保护和促进个人人权和集体人权以及维护发展权。坚持主权原则，就是要坚持不干涉内政。世界在变，国际社会的共同利益在扩大，但这均不能成为随意干涉他国内部事务的借口，更不能成为煽动内乱、鼓动分裂、颠覆政权的理由，否则就会天下大乱，国际社会的共同利益就无从谈起。
Firstly, the concept of
sovereignty, which forms the foundation of the Five Principles. The principle of sovereignty is about mutual
respect for sovereignty, security and core interests, respect for the inherent
right of a country to maintain its unity and territorial integrity, mutual
respect for social system, ideology and path of development, and seeking common
ground while reconciling differences. The domestic affairs of a country should
be determined by its people, whereas international affairs should be handled
through consultation by people of all countries in a democratic manner.
Individual and collective human rights must be respected, protected and
promoted, and the right to development be defended in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations and other
international treaties. No country shall interfere in the domestic affairs of
other countries. The world is indeed undergoing enormous changes and there is a
growing convergence of international common interests. But this should not be
used as an excuse for wilfully interfering in the domestic affairs of other
countries, or offer ground for acts aimed to incite civil strife, instigate
separation, or overthrow a government. Otherwise the world will be in chaos,
and the common interest of the international community is merely empty talk.
第二是和平观，这是五项原则的最高价值。要和平，就要坚持互不侵犯，反对战争，反对侵略，反对武力威胁和非法使用武力，就要维护以联合国安理会为核心的集体安全机制，不断完善以规则为基础的区域安全稳定架构。要和平，就必须和平解决国际争端，妥善处理历史遗留问题，尊重相互选择和平解决争端方法的权利，坚持以“同意”、“自愿”为基础的国际法精神，避免采取单方面行为，致力于通过谈判与协商解决分歧。
Secondly, the concept of peace,
which represents the supreme value of the Five
Principles. To maintain peace, countries must refrain from invasion and
oppose war, aggression, threat or use of force. They must uphold the system of
collective security where the Security Council plays the central role, and
constantly improve the rules-based regional security and stability
architecture. To maintain peace, countries must settle international disputes
peacefully, properly resolve issues left over from history, and respect each
other’s right to choose peaceful means for dispute settlement. They must uphold
the spirit of international law based on consent and voluntariness, refrain
from unilateral actions, and commit themselves to settling disputes through
negotiations and consultations.
第三是共赢观，这是五项原则的最终目标。实现共赢，就是要在平等基础上，通过国际合作，实现互利，同时，要推动构建共同发展、共享发展的命运共同体。要加强经济上的互利合作，以自身发展促进共同发展，以共同发展保障自身发展。要摒弃文明冲突思维，促进“茶文化”、“咖啡文化”和其他文化的交流互鉴。要促进经济、社会与环境的协调可持续发展，全面提升人类长久福祉，不断增进国际社会共同利益。
Thirdly, the concept of win-win
progress, which is the ultimate objective of the Five Principles. To achieve win-win progress, countries need to
engage in mutually beneficial international cooperation on the basis of
equality. They must promote the establishment of a community of common destiny,
in which development is achieved and shared by all. Countries should promote
economic cooperation on the basis of mutual benefit, and boost common development
through their own development, which in turn can be safeguarded by common
development. Countries must discard the thinking of clash of civilizations, and
promote exchanges between different cultures such as those of tea and coffee.
It is important to advance the coordinated and sustainable development of the
economy, society and environment, promote the long-lasting well-being of
mankind and the common interests of the international community.
第四是正义观，这是五项原则的内在要求。五项原则含有四个“互”字、一个“共”字，体现了各国权利、义务和责任相统一的精神。坚持正义，就是要在国际关系中依法办事，任何国家都没有超越国际法的特权，都不能有选择地适用国际法，也不能在适用国际法时采取双重标准。坚持正义，就是要倡导国际法治，推动国际关系民主化，通过法律手段维护国际和平与安全，促进合作与发展，建立以法律为基础的国际秩序。
Fourthly, the concept of justice,
which is the intrinsic requirement of the Five
Principles. The inclusion of the word “mutual” or the prefix “co-” in the Five Principles reflects the unity of
rights, obligations and responsibilities. Countries should engage in
international relations in accordance with international law. No country shall
place itself above international law, apply international law selectively, or
adopt double standards in the application of international law. To uphold
justice is to advocate the international rule of law, promote democracy in international
relations, maintain international peace and security through legal means,
promote cooperation and development, and establish a law-based international
order.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
国际法治是人类的共同追求。当前，倡导国际法治是国际社会的重要议程。坚持和平共处五项原则的核心价值观，对建设国际法治具有重要的指导意义：
The international rule of law is
the common pursuit of mankind and an important priority of the international
community. Adherence to the core values of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence will provide us with
valuable guidance for the establishment of international rule of law.
首先，在国际立法方面，各国应平等地参与国际法的制定，全面、均衡、公平体现各国的权利、义务和责任，兼顾各国利益和国际社会的共同利益，完善和充实现有法律框架，拓展新的法律领域，特别是加强在海洋、外空、网络和极地等新疆域的国际立法。
Firstly, as regards international
legislation, countries should participate in international law-making on an
equal footing, to reflect rights, obligations and responsibilities of all
countries in a comprehensive, balanced and fair manner, and accommodate the
interests of individual countries and the common interests of the international
community. The existing legal framework should be further improved and new
areas be explored. In particular, international legislation regulating our
activities in new domains such as high sea, outer space, cyberspace and polar
areas need to be enhanced.
其次，在国际法的解释和适用方面，各国必须严格遵守条约和习惯等国际法规则，依法行使权利，善意履行义务和责任，确保国际法的平等和统一适用。不论国内还是国际司法机构，都不应越权解释和适用国际法，更不得刻意曲解。国际法的解释和适用应有助于国际关系的和平与稳定以及国际公平正义。
Secondly, as regards
interpretation and application of international law, countries must strictly
abide by treaties, common practices, and other rules of international law. They
should exercise their rights within the legal bounds and fulfil their
obligations and responsibilities in good faith. They are also obliged to ensure
the equitable and coherent application of international law. Neither domestic
nor international judicial bodies shall ultra vires interpret or apply
international law, still less deliberately misinterpret the relevant rules. In
one word, the interpretation and application of international law should
contribute to international peace, stability and justice.
第三，在国际秩序方面，各国应致力于建设公平合理的国际政治经济新秩序，维护发展中国家充分的代表性和平等的发言权。各国应继续维护联合国在维持国际和平与安全、保障经济社会稳定与发展和强化国际治理方面的中心作用。倡导和平、合作、共赢的理念，有利于建设新型国家关系，实现人类的共同发展和世界的持久和平。
Thirdly, as regards international
order, countries should strive for the establishment of a fair and equitable
new international political and economic order, and ensure that developing
countries are fully represented and their voices equally heard. Countries
should continue to uphold the central role of the United Nations in maintaining
international peace and security, securing economic and social stability and
development and enhancing global governance. To sum up, the notions such as
peace, cooperation and win-win progress should be championed with a view to
forging a new type of international relations and achieving the common
development of mankind and lasting peace of the world.
女士们，先生们，
Ladies and Gentlemen,
中国是一个有担当的国家。我们将一如既往地维护《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则，努力践行和平共处五项原则，始终不渝地走和平发展道路，做国家主权的坚定捍卫者，国际和平与安全的有力维护者，经济社会合作与发展的全面推动者，国际秩序和国际法治的积极塑造者。
China is a responsible country.
We will, as always, uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, practice the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence,
and stick to the path of peaceful development. China will present itself as a
firm defender for state sovereignty, a staunch upholder for international peace
and security, an energetic promoter for economic and social cooperation and
development, and an active builder for international order and rule of law.
谢谢大家。
Thanks for your attention. |
