外交部副部长张业遂在第三届世界和平论坛午餐会上的演讲（中英对照）

二、中国是不是试图改变国际规则？

Second, is China trying to change the international rules?

新中国成立后，曾长时间被孤立在国际体系之外。随着在联合国合法席位的恢复，中国逐步融入国际体系。迄今为止，中国参加了包括联合国、国际货币基金组织、世界银行、世界贸易组织、亚太经合组织、上海合作组织等在内的100多个政府间国际组织，加入了400多项国际多边公约。

After the founding of the People’s Republic, China had been kept out of the international system for a long time. Following the restoration of its lawful seat in the United Nations, China gradually took its place in the international system. As of today, China has joined over 100 inter-governmental international organizations, including the UN, IMF, World Bank, WTO, APEC and SCO and has acceded to over 400 international and multilateral conventions.

中国是国际规则的维护者和建设性参与者。早在60年前，中国和印度、缅甸共同倡导和平共处五项原则，成为公认的处理国与国关系的基本准则。中国切实践行和平共处五项原则，五项原则已载入中华人民共和国宪法，体现在中国与几乎所有建交国的建交公报或双边条约中。中国在五项原则基础上，通过谈判解决了与12个陆上邻国的边界问题，同越南解决了北部湾划界问题。作为联合国安理会常任理事国，中国的每一次投票都以《联合国宪章》和国际关系基本准则为依据，维护的不是一己之私，而是人类的公平正义。中国积极参与《联合国海洋法公约》的制订，对现代国际海洋秩序的形成与发展作出了自己的贡献。今年是公约生效20周年，我们呼吁尚未批准公约的国家尽快批准公约，进一步增强公约的普遍性。对于网络空间等国际新疆域，中国主张各国共同制定普遍接受的国际规则，不能把个别国家的标准当作“国际标准”、把个别国家的规则当作“国际规则”。

China is a defender and constructive contributor to the international rules. The Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence championed by China, India and Myanmar 60 years back is a universally recognized basic norm for managing state-to-state relations. China is earnest in implementing the Five Principles. The Five Principles are written into the Constitution of the People’s Republic of China and reflected in the communiqués on the establishment of diplomatic relations or bilateral treaties between China and almost all the countries that it has diplomatic ties with. Based on the Five Principles, China has resolved the boundary issue with 12 overland neighbors through negotiations, and completed the delimitation of the Beibu Gulf with Vietnam. As a permanent member of the UN Security Council, China abides by the UN Charter and the basic norms governing international relations in every voting, endeavoring to safeguard not its own narrow interests but equity and justice of humanity. China had taken an active part in the formulation of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), and contributed its share to the formation and evolution of the contemporary international maritime order. This year marks the 20th anniversary of the coming into effect of the UNCLOS. We call on those countries that have not ratified the UNCLOS to do so as quickly as possible in order to further enhance the universality of the convention. As for cyber space and other new international frontiers, China maintains that countries should work together to develop international rules acceptable to all. The standards and rules of individual countries cannot be taken as “international standards and rules”.

维护海上航行自由与安全符合各方利益。多年来，南海航行自由与安全从来没有发生过问题，今后也不会发生问题。对于同周边一些国家的领土和海洋权益争议，中方主张直接当事国通过谈判协商寻求和平解决办法，在争议解决前各方保持冷静克制以管控分歧、避免冲突，通过搁置争议、共同开发为争议解决创造条件，维护地区和平与稳定。我们反对有关国家提起南海问题国际仲裁，是行使《联合国海洋法公约》赋予的合法权利。按照国际法，各国有权自主选择和平解决争端的方式，任何一国都不能把自己的意志强加给另一国。《联合国海洋法公约》规定，涉及岛礁主权和海域划界等争端，缔约国可以作出声明，不接受第三方强制管辖。目前有34个国家根据这一规定作出了声明。中国在2006年就作出了类似声明。中国不接受、不参与有关国家提起的南海问题国际仲裁是依法办事。我们坚决反对有关国家打着所谓“法治”的幌子侵犯别国合法权益。希望有关国家着眼大局和长远，回到对话磋商谈判的轨道上来，维护有关各方达成的共识，维护地区稳定。

To maintain freedom and safety of navigation on the sea serves the interests of all parties. Over the years, there has never been any problem with regard to freedom and safety of navigation in the South China Sea, nor will there be any in the future. For disputes over territories and maritime rights and interests with some neighboring countries, China maintains that it is up to the countries directly concerned to seek a peaceful settlement through negotiations and consultations between them, and that pending a settlement, the relevant parties should remain calm and exercise restraint so as to manage differences and avoid conflicts, create conditions for the settlement of disputes through shelving differences and carrying out common development, and work together to uphold peace and stability in the region. China is opposed to the submission of the South China Sea issue for international arbitration by certain country, and we are doing so to exercise the legitimate rights enshrined in the UNCLOS. According to international law, countries are entitled to independent choice of approach to peaceful settlement of disputes, and no country should impose its own will on the other. The UNCLOS allows States to declare that they exclude disputes on the sovereignty over islands and reefs, and delimitation of maritime boundaries from compulsory dispute settlement procedures. So far 34 countries have already made declarations pursuant to this provision and China did so in 2006. China’s rejection to accept or participate in the relevant international arbitration is based on international law. China is firmly opposed to certain country’s act of violating the legitimate rights and interests of another country under the pretext of its so-called “rule of law”. China hopes that relevant country would bear in mind the larger picture and long-term interests, return to the track of dialogue, consultation and negotiations, and uphold the consensus of relevant parties, so as to maintain stability in the region.

三、中国主张建立什么样的亚太秩序？

Third, what kind of order does China envisage for the Asia-Pacific?

亚太地区是世界上最具发展活力和潜力的板块，同时也面临贫富差距悬殊、民生问题突出、经济结构不合理等问题。亚太国家大多数是发展中国家，发展是地区多数国家的首要任务和最大安全关切，也是解决地区安全问题的“总钥匙”。地区国家应当聚焦发展主题，积极推动亚太区域一体化进程，不断提升亚太贸易自由化和投资便利化水平，将各国经济互补性转化为共同发展的互助力，为亚太地区的发展和增进地区人民福祉注入强劲动力。

The Asia-Pacific boasts the greatest development vitality and potential in the world. It also faces such problems as big wealth gap, prominent livelihood issues, and unbalanced economic structure. The Asia-Pacific consists of mostly developing countries. Development is the top priority and biggest security concern of most countries in the region, and is the master key to addressing regional security issues. Countries in this region should focus their efforts on development by actively promoting regional integration and advancing regional trade liberalization and investment facilitation so as to turn economic complementarities among them into mutually-reinforcing power for common development and give a strong boost to the development of the Asia-Pacific and the well-being of its people.

人与人因相互尊重而成为朋友，国与国因相互尊重而成为伙伴。我们共同生活在亚太大家园之中，利益交融、安危与共。各国都有平等参与地区安全事务的权利，也都有维护地区安全的责任。应当尊重并照顾各方合理安全关切，不能牺牲别国安全谋求自身所谓绝对安全。过分突出军事安全议题不具建设性，加强沟通协作、提升地区国家互信水平才是维护地区安全的正确途径。亚太地区多样性突出，应从地区实际出发处理地区安全事务，要尊重地区国家长期形成的循序渐进、协商一致、照顾各方舒适度等行之有效的方式。我们支持探讨建立平衡、有效的地区安全架构。

It is out of mutual respect that people become friends and countries become partners. We all live in the big Asia-Pacific family, with shared interests and security needs. All countries are entitled to participate in regional security affairs on an equal footing, and are obliged to uphold regional security. We need to respect and accommodate the reasonable security concerns of all parties, and no one should seek the so-called absolute security for itself at the expense of the security of others. It is not constructive to put excessive emphasis on military and security agenda. The right way to uphold regional security is through closer dialogue and coordination and by elevating mutual trust between countries in the region. Given the immense diversity in the Asia-Pacific, we need to handle security affairs in light of the region’s reality, and to respect those regional approaches that have been developing over many years and proven effective, including gradualism, consensus and accommodating the comfort level of all parties. We support the discussions on establishing a balanced and effective regional security architecture.

开放包容是亚太区域合作健康发展的基本原则。我们支持建立合作而非对立的关系，倡导开放而非封闭的理念，寻求共赢而非零和的结果。要坚持开放的区域主义，建设包容性经济和区域合作框架，维护自由、开放、非歧视的多边贸易体制，反对各种形式的保护主义。中方对任何有利于亚太区域融合的机制安排都持开放态度，希望各种双边、区域及跨区域自贸倡议相互补充、相互促进。

Openness and inclusiveness are basic principles for the healthy development of Asia-Pacific cooperation. We support a cooperative rather than confrontational relationship, advocate an open rather than exclusive mindset, and pursue a win-win rather than zero-sum result. To uphold open regionalism, we need to build an inclusive economy and regional cooperation framework, uphold a free, open and non-discriminatory multilateral trade system, and oppose all forms of protectionism. China is open to all mechanisms and arrangements that facilitate Asia-Pacific regional integration, and hopes that various bilateral, regional and trans-regional free trade initiatives would complement and reinforce each other.

女士们，先生们，朋友们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Dear Friends,

世界和平论坛自2012年举办以来，日益成为国际安全交流对话的重要平台。本届论坛以“追求共同安全：和平、互信、责任”为主题，具有很强的针对性。相信各位嘉宾的真知灼见将为维护国际和地区安全提供重要启示和借鉴。预祝本届论坛圆满成功！

Since its inception in 2012, the World Peace Forum has grown into an important platform for international security exchange and dialogue. Under the theme of “In Pursuit of Common Security: Peace, Mutual Trust, and Responsibility”, this year’s forum meeting is highly relevant. I am sure your insights and visions will provide all of us with important inspiration and reference as we work to promote security in the region and beyond. I wish this forum a complete success.

谢谢大家。

Thank you.