联合国开发计划署驻华代表处国别主任白桦在中国慈善论坛上的演讲（中英对照）

英文版：Speech at the Opening of China Philanthropic Forum.doc

中文版：白桦在中国慈善论坛上的演讲.doc

Speech at the Opening of China Philanthropic Forum

在中国慈善论坛上的演讲

 

Mr. Christophe Bahuet, Country Director of UNDP China

联合国开发计划署驻华代表处国别主任白桦先生

 

Beijing, China

中国 北京

 

16 August 2014

2014年8月16日

 

His Excellency Mr. Chen Changzhi, Vice-Chairman of the 12th session of the Standing Committee of The National People’s Congress (NPC),

His Excellency Mr. Li Liguo, Minister of Civil Affairs of PRC, Chairman of the China Charity Alliance,

Distinguished Fellow Key Note Speakers and Panelists,

Guests and colleagues, Ladies and gentlemen,

 

第十二届全国人民代表大会常务委员会副委员长陈昌智阁下，

民政部部长，中国慈善联合会会长李立国阁下，

尊敬的各位演讲人及嘉宾，

来宾们及同事们，女士们先生们，

 

Firstly, allow me to thank the China Charity Alliance and the Lao Niu Foundation, as well as the various supporting partners, for hosting this important event at such a crucial time for China’s philanthropy sector. I am extremely glad to be invited to join you today to share UNDP’s perspectives on the role of philanthropy in development, both from China and the Globe. I sincerely hope this will contribute to the important discussion at this forum.

 

首先，请允许我感谢中国慈善联合会和老牛基金会、以及其他支持单位在中国慈善事业如此关键的时刻举办此次重要的活动。我非常荣幸今天被邀请加入你们并分享联合国开发计划署在中国以及全球角度如何看待慈善事业在发展中的角色。我真诚希望这将对此次论坛作出贡献。

 

Over the next two days you will explore different issues and perspectives related to one common goal: unleashing the true potential of philanthropy in China.  The United Nations Development Programme is here to support your efforts towards this goal, whether by strengthening the cooperation between China and other middle-income countries, sharing international experiences in the development of philanthropic sectors, or looking at ways to reform the governance of philanthropy to improve its ability to tackle poverty and inequality.

 

接下来两天中你们将会探索各类议题及观点。他们都指向同一个目标：释放中国慈善事业的真实潜能。联合国开发计划署会帮助你们朝这个目标努力，这包括加强中国和其他中等收入国家合作、分享国际慈善事业发展经验以及改进慈善治理以增加其降低贫困和不平的能力。

 

Philanthropy – literally the “love of humanity” – is an expression of human generosity that exists and is reflected in most of the world’s cultures and religions as private giving for the betterment of others. In the modern world, philanthropy can make a pivotal contribution to sustainable development, and can complement or make up for the failure of governments or the marketplace.

 

慈善，意为“对人性的热爱”，表现了人类的无私。在世界各文化和宗教中表现为私人为了他人生活的改进而进行给予。现代社会中，慈善可以为可持续发展发挥关键作用，并弥补政府或市场的不足。

 

In fact, in the last 15 years the growth in global philanthropy has transformed the international development sector. Its resources have grown exponentially as a proportion of total Official Development Assistance.  In 2013, official development aid from all OECD DAC nations reached US$134.8 billion. Private capital flows from North to South amounted to about $577 billion, over four times the official flows that year. Of that, philanthropic financial flows were around $59 billion. The UN recognizes that corporate and private philanthropy played an important role in supporting progress made towards the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs).

 

事实上，过去十五年全球慈善事业已经转变成了国际发展领域，并在政府开发援助中的份额中翻倍增长。2013年，经合组织开发援助委员会的援助额达到了1,348亿美元。发达国家对发展中国家的私有资金达到了约5,770亿，是当年官方援助的四倍之多。联合国认为企业及私营慈善在实现千年发展目标的进程中发挥着重要的作用。

 

Development aid, and more broadly international public finance for sustainable development, will remain essential in the decades to come. However, we cannot ignore the shrinking proportion of ODA within total financial flows to the South. Today the largest proportion of financial flows comes from foreign direct investment; the second largest is remittances; and the third is private philanthropy.  This represents an enormous opportunity, since a broader range of philanthropists is emerging and becoming engaged in international giving, as well as domestic giving within developing countries.

 

用于可持续发展的发展援助以及更广泛的国际公共财政将在接下来几十年继续发挥重要作用。但是我们不能忽视官方援助在所有流向发展中国家的资金流量的份额在减少。当今最大的资金来源于外商直接投资，第二是境外汇款，第三是私营慈善。更大范围的慈善家越来越多参与国际以及国内的捐赠，这代表了无限的机遇。

 

Countries like China, but also Brazil, India and South Africa, have become deeply involved in foreign assistance not only through government aid but also through private investment, philanthropy, and remittances. Philanthropic contributions from those four countries to the developing world already amounted to around $400 million in 2013, a 30% growth from a year before.

 

中国、巴西、印度、南非等国家已积极参与国际援助，不仅仅通过政府援助，并且也通过私企投资、慈善以及跨境汇款。这四个国家对于发展中国家的慈善贡献在2013年已达到约4亿美元，较上年增加了30%。

 

However, philanthropy should not be viewed simply as a “gap filler” for ODA. Instead, and most importantly, philanthropy brings a complementary and beneficial set of new actors, approaches, and types of funding to development. And this comes at a pivotal moment for global development cooperation.

 

但是，慈善不应该被简单地被视为填补官方发展援助的空白。更重要的是，慈善事业带来了互补并有益的新的参与者、新的视角、以及新的资助发展的方式。这些都意味着全球发展合作到了重要时期。

 

Planning for the Post-2015 Development Agenda is well underway. Looking forward, it is clear that philanthropy will play an even bigger role in supporting the achievement of the new goals, which will be endorsed by the international community next year. In this context, UNDP has commissioned a review of Philanthropy’s contribution to development globally. Its results will be discussed in September at a side-event of the UN General Assembly week in New York.

 

2015年后发展议程的规划正在进行中。展望未来可以清晰地预见慈善将在支持新目标中扮演更重要的角色。国际社会将在明年公布这些新目标。在此背景下，联合国开发计划署委任了一个有关全球慈善对于发展的贡献的研究。研究成果将于九月在纽约作为联合国大会的周边会议讨论。

 

Yet philanthropy as a sector still receives little attention in these processes and in turn does little to engage actively with them.  Processes are led by UN member states and multilateral agencies. While other important stakeholders like civil society organizations and the private sector have gradually become more included as non-state actors, the philanthropic sector is still not engaged enough in these processes and discussions.

 

但是慈善事业在这些过程中仍收到很少的重视并很少参与其中。这些过程由联合国成员国和多边组织领导，其他重要的利益相关者，如公民社会组织和私营机构越来越多被融入到非国家参与者。慈善组织还没有充分参与到这些过程和讨论中。

 

Joining the forces of official development cooperation and philanthropy in the service of the new international development goals will make a substantial difference. For this to happen, however, philanthropy needs to leverage the larger resources and expertise of official development cooperation actors. And the UN system and governments need to leverage the insights, innovations and more nimble approaches of the philanthropic sector.

 

加入官方发展合作和慈善事业的力量以服务新的国际发展目标服务，将带来实质的区别。但是，要做到这一点，慈善事业需要借助更大的资源和官方发展合作各方的专业知识。联合国系统和各国政府需要利用慈善行业的洞察力、创新和更灵活的方法。

 

As the world looks for additional sources of financing to fight against poverty, inequality and disease, a lot of hope is resting on the rise of philanthropy in countries like China. A strong and healthy philanthropic sector in China, confident in looking outside its borders, will benefit China as well as the rest of the world.

 

全球正寻找额外资金来源以消除贫困、不平等和与病魔作斗争。很多期望被搁在像中国这样的国家的慈善事业的崛起上。一个强大而健康、在中国有信心放眼边界之外的慈善行业，将有利于中国和世界其他地区。

 

In many ways China today has the unprecedented opportunity to tap into its increasing economic development and its expanding non-profit sector. At the end of last year there were over 3,600 foundations in China, a 50% increase from just five years ago. According to some estimates, between January 2011 and March 2012 China’s top 100 philanthropists together contributed the equivalent of $1.6 billion to support charitable causes including healthcare, education, poverty alleviation, disaster relief as well as culture and sports.

 

在许多角度而言，今天的中国有一个难得的机会开发其日益增加的经济发展和扩大非营利部门。在去年年底，中国有超过3600个基金会，相比仅仅五年前增长了50％。据估计，2011年1月和2012年3月间中国百强慈善家一共贡献了16亿美元支持慈善事业，包括医疗、教育、扶贫、救灾、文化以及体育等。

 

Most importantly for the philanthropic sector, according to recent estimates, the levels of personal wealth in China are rising faster than ever before.  At the end of last year more than 230 billionaires resided in China, surpassing the number residing in the USA.  The total net worth of the 400 richest people in China was valued at around $570 billion USD, a 35% increase from the year before. Many of these wealthy individuals are starting to give back, by setting up private foundations or by supporting the work of other social organizations.

 

最重要的是在慈善行业，根据最近的估计，中国的个人财富水平上升速度比以前更快。在去年年底，超过230个亿万富豪在中国居住，超过居住在美国的人数。400个最富有的人在中国的总身家总值约5700亿美元，增幅为去年的35％。许多富裕人士也开始回馈，包括通过设立私人基金会或支持其他社会组织的工作。

 

However, we all know that there are also challenges ahead. Despite the rapid growth in corporate and personal wealth, total charitable giving in China is just 4 per cent of the level in the US and Europe. In 2013 total charitable donations in China actually dropped (17 per cent) from a year before. In many respects, China is still a place where philanthropists are finding it hard to build, promote, and sustain effective charitable organizations. This is due to a combination of public distrust in the sector because of some recent scandals, an unclear legal and policy framework, and a governance system that needs more transparency. In particular, weak tax incentives for individuals to donate and difficult registration and operation procedures for foundations and civil society organizations continue to slow the growth of the sector.

 

然而，我们都知道，未来也有不少挑战。尽管企业和个人财富快速增长，累计慈善捐款在中国仅仅是美国和欧洲水平的4％，在2013年总慈善捐款在中国实际上是相比前一年下降17％。在很多方面，中国仍然是一个慈善家们发现很难建立、促进和维持有效运作慈善组织的地方。这是源于最近的一些丑闻，一个不明确的法律和政策框架，需要更多透明度的管理制度相结合导致的公众不信任，特别是税收上鼓励个人捐赠的制度薄弱，基金会和民间组织困难的注册和运作程序，继续导致行业放缓增长。

 

UNDP has always incorporated the support for an enabling environment for civil society and philanthropy as a key component of effective development cooperation at the national and global levels. In China, UNDP is proud of its longstanding partnership of many years with the Ministry of Civil Affairs, focusing on improving the policy and legal environment for civil society organizations as well as their engagement in policy-making and public service delivery.

 

联合国开发计划署一直致力支持为国家和全球层面有效发展合作的重要组成部分——为民间社会和慈善事业创造有利的环境。在中国，联合国开发计划署为多年与民政部的长期合作伙伴关系感到自豪，关注于为民间社会组织完善政策和法律环境，以及提高他们在政策制定和公共服务的参与。

 

Over the years through this partnership we have supported important pilot initiatives regarding the administration and management of civil society organizations (CSOs). These pilots have led to some important breakthroughs. In 2009 in Shenzhen, we supported the local government in piloting a tax deduction policy for donations made to CSOs, as well as the simplification of registration procedures for CSOs and foundations. These policies were officially adopted and now allow the direct registration of 4 types of organizations. I commend the leadership of both the Ministry of Civil Affairs and Shenzhen Government on these achievements in reform.

 

通过多年合作，我们一直支持有关民间社会组织（CSOs）的行政和管理的重要试点项目。这些试点已经带来一些重要的突破。2009年，我们支持深圳市政府在试点推行捐赠民间组织可得到减税的政策及民间组织和基金会登记手续的简化。这些政策已被正式采用，4种组织现在被允许作直接登记。容我再此赞扬民政部和深圳市政府在这些改革成就中的领导作用。

 

UNDP will continue to work with the Ministry of Civil Affairs to promote the development of civil society and philanthropy in China. Our goal will continue to be a more enabling legal and policy environment for social organizations, including their registration and management procedures.  However, the transparency and credibility of the sector needs to be enhanced. In particular, legal reforms that ensure transparency and better disclosure of spending by foundations and non-profits are needed to create a new culture of transparency across the non-profit sector and to regain the trust of the Chinese public.

 

开发计划署将继续与民政部门合作推动中国公民社会和慈善事业的发展。我们的目标仍然是为社会组织建立更加有利的法律​​和政策环境，包括其注册和管理程序。然而，社会组织的透明度和公信力依然需要得到增强。特别是，需要法律改革确保基金会和非营利组织的透明度和​​更好披露开支，以此建立整个非营利行业新的透明文化和重拾中国公众的信任。

 

Ladies and Gentlemen,

 

女士们，先生们，

 

To promote philanthropy, we also need to look at social innovation and the growing role that social media and the Internet are playing in charitable giving. As non-profit organizations in China are becoming ever more innovative in the ways they publicize their work, tools such as mobile giving, fundraising pages and crowd-funding are becoming more common and have the potential to open incredible opportunities for the non-profit sector.

 

为推动慈善事业，我们也需要放眼社会创新以及社交媒体和互联网在慈善捐赠上发挥的日益重要的作用。由于中国非营利组织在宣传工作上也变得越来越多创新，工具如手机捐赠、筹款网页和群集资金越来越普遍，这为非营利部门开放了不可思议的机会。

 

New technology is creating a world where effective philanthropy is no longer the exclusive domain of big foundations or organizations, but of anyone interested in giving back. This invigorates people to think that they can make a difference and then urge others to make a difference as well. All of this should be supported and encouraged.

 

新科技使慈善不再是只有大型基金会和组织的独有领域，任何对回报社会感兴趣的人都可以参与。这促使人们意识到他们也可以做出改变并且激励别人也做出改变。所有这些都应该得到支持和鼓励。

 

Globally, since 2010, in an effort to support this type of innovation, UNDP has partnered with the Gates Foundation to organize the Social Good Summit. This has become a global event organized in New York during the UN General Assembly week but also concurrently in many countries. The Social Good Summit aims to unite people from around the world around one common theme: the power of social media, innovation and technology to solve our world’s greatest challenges. 

 

全球范围内，自2010年以来，为支持此类创新，联合国开发计划署和盖茨基金会合作组织了社会公益峰会。峰会不仅仅在联合国大会期间在纽约召开，并且同时在各个国家举行，已成为全球性的活动。社会公益峰会旨在以一个共同的主题联合全世界人们：用社交媒体的力量，用创新和科技解决我们世界最大的挑战。

 

The true question that lingers today is how we can better leverage these innovations as well as the growing work of philanthropic organizations and the private sector to achieve a lasting and sustainable impact globally and here in China.

 

今天真正的问题是，我们如何更好使用这些创新以及慈善组织和私营企业不断增长的贡献以对中国和全球产生持续深远影响。

 

Einstein once said: “it is every man’s obligation to put back in to the world at least the equivalent of what he takes out of it”. By supporting the development of philanthropy in China we can all contribute to a more equitable, prosperous, and stable world. I therefore wish this forum to be most successful.

 

爱因斯坦曾经说过：“每个人都有义务以至少等同于他从社会中汲取的量来回报社会”。通过支持中国慈善业发展，我们可以建成一个更平等、繁荣、稳定的世界。预祝此次论坛成功。

 

Thank you for your attention!

 

感谢大家！