国际货币基金组织总裁拉加德在乔治城大学外交学院的演讲（中英对照）

英文版：The Challenge Facing the Global Economy.doc

中文版：全球经济面临的挑战.doc

The Challenge Facing the Global Economy: New Momentum to Overcome a New Mediocre

全球经济面临的挑战：抓住新势头克服新平庸

 

Christine Lagarde, Managing Director, International Monetary Fund

国际货币基金组织总裁克里斯蒂娜·拉加德

 

Georgetown University, School of Foreign Service, October 2, 2014

2014年10月2日，乔治城大学外交学院

 

Dear President DeGioa, thank you for the gracious introduction!

 

尊敬的DeGioa校长，感谢您的亲切介绍！

 

Dean Reardon-Anderson, students and faculty: Thank you for welcoming me here today!

 

Reardon-Anderson主任，各位师生：感谢对我今天来访的欢迎。

 

I am honored to be hosted by one of the world’s finest schools of foreign service. Your mission statement is “to contribute to global peace, prosperity and human wellbeing by educating future generations of world leaders.”

 

乔治城大学外交学院是世界一流的外交学院之一，将“通过培养未来的世界领袖为世界和平、繁荣和人类福祉做出贡献”作为自己的使命，我很荣幸能受邀来访此地。

 

The founders of your school had an ambitious and sustainable vision back in 1789; but they did not know that 70 years ago the IMF would be founded to pursue the same objectives – albeit by different means. I could not be at a better place than speaking here today.

 

1789年，贵学院的创始人设立了胸怀远大且可持续的愿景；但他们不知道70年前，基金组织的成立也是为了追求同样的目标，尽管实现目标的途径不同。今天能在此地演讲再也适合不过。

 

As I look at the grey and blue colors of Georgetown that adorn this beautiful campus, I am reminded of the themes that I will touch upon today: some “grey” clouds hovering over the global economy; and the “blue” skies of growth and prosperity to which we both aspire.

 

当注视乔治城用于装点这个美丽校园的灰色与蓝色时，我不禁想起今天的演讲主题：全球经济笼罩着一些“灰”云；以及我们同时期盼的象征着增长与繁荣的“蓝”天。

 

This will be the topic for the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors of our 188 member countries as they arrive in Washington next week for the Annual Meetings of the IMF and World Bank. They will also be discussing, of course, the role of the IMF.

 

下周，我们188个成员国的财长与央行行长将抵达华盛顿参加基金组织和世界银行年会，届时这将是他们探讨的议题。当然，他们还会讨论基金组织的作用。

 

Let me say a few words about the IMF and its task.

 

我先简要介绍下基金组织及其职责。

 

Founded in the aftermath of World War II, the Fund has helped the world to fight many economic crises – from Europe, to Asia, to Latin America, to the former Soviet Union, and back to Europe. We have helped emerging markets and the world’s poorest nations to integrate into the global economy. Across our entire membership, we have helped to build economic and financial capacity.

 

基金组织成立于第二次世界大战之后，至今已帮助世界应对了多次经济危机，从欧洲到亚洲到拉美再到前苏联，又再次回到欧洲。我们帮助了新兴市场和世界最贫困的国家融入全球经济。我们也帮助所有成员国培育了应对经济和金融问题的能力。

 

In recent years, we have provided assistance during the global financial crisis – the worst facing the world since the Great Depression. In recent months, we have provided support to Ukraine, nations in the Middle East, and the Ebola-stricken countries of West Africa.

 

近年来，我们在全球金融危机期间提供了援助，这是自“大萧条”以来世界面临的最严重的危机。近几个月，我们为乌克兰、中东国家以及受埃博拉病毒影响的西非国家提供了支持。

 

Our main job now is to help the global economy shift gears and overcome what has been so far a disappointing recovery: one that is brittle, uneven, and beset by risks.

 

目前我们的主要工作是帮助全球经济切换档位，从迄今为止令人失望的经济复苏中走出来，因为当前的复苏脆弱、不均衡并被风险所困。

 

This will be foremost on policymakers’ minds next week. Indeed, in many ways, the global economy is at an inflection point.

 

这将是下周政策制定者心中最重要的任务。的确，从许多方面看，全球经济正处于拐点。

 

Yes, there is a recovery but as we all know – and can all feel it – the level of growth and jobs is simply not good enough. The world needs to aim higher and try harder, to do it together and be country-specific.

 

是的，经济是在复苏，但正如我们所知，并且能感觉到，目前的增长和就业水平根本不够好。全世界需要志存高远、奋发图强、齐心协力、兼顾国情。

 

What does that mean? It means a mix of bolder policies to inject a “new momentum” that can overcome this “new mediocre” that clouds the future. That is what I want to discuss with you today.

 

这意味着什么？意味着采取更大胆的政策组合以注入可以克服 “新平庸”的“新势头”， 而“新平庸”正像乌云一样笼罩着未来。这是今天我想和大家探讨的内容。

 

As one of the most illustrious faculty members of this School and former Secretary of State Madeleine Albright once said: “The best speech will do it all – make us laugh, think, cry, and cheer – preferably in that order!” Today I would mainly like to make you think – and hopefully not make you cry too much!

 

正如本学院最杰出的教职工之一、前国务卿Madeleine Albright 曾经说过：“最好的演讲全都可以做到，可以让我们笑、思考、哭和欢呼，最好是这个顺序！”今天，我主要想让大家思考，但愿不会让大家掉太多眼泪！

 

I will focus on two topics:

 

我将重点谈到两个话题：

 

(i) First, the state of the global economy – and the risk that the world could get stuck for some time with a “mediocre” level of growth; and

 

（1）一是全球经济状况，以及世界一段时间受困于“平庸”的经济增长水平的风险；

 

(ii) Second, how all policymakers can generate the policy “momentum” needed to power up global activity, and avoid the new mediocre.

 

（2）二是所有政策制定者如何创造加快全球经济增长所需的政策“势头”，并避免出现新的平庸。

 

I will conclude with what I see as priorities for a new “multilateralism” – how to galvanize global cooperation and the role of the IMF.

 

最后，我将会谈谈我眼中新“多边主义”的优先点，即如何激励全球合作并发挥基金组织的作用。

 

So three M’s”: mediocre growth, momentum on policies, and multilateralism for action.

 

因此有三个M：平庸的增长，政策势头和行动的多边性（mediocre growth, momentum on policies, and multilateralism for action）。