外交部副部长刘振民在第五届香山论坛晚宴上的演讲（中英对照）

中文版：外交部副部长刘振民在第五届香山论坛晚宴上的演讲.doc 

英文版： Laying the Foundations of Peace and Stability for an Asian Community of Shared Destiny.doc

为构建亚洲命运共同体营造和平稳定的地区环境

Laying the Foundations of Peace and Stability for an Asian Community of Shared Destiny

 

外交部副部长 刘振民

Vice Foreign Minister Liu Zhenmin of China

 

2014年11月21日

November 21, 2014

 

尊敬的国务委员兼国防部长常万全上将，

尊敬的各位嘉宾，

女士们，先生们，朋友们：

 

Your Excellency General Chang Wanquan, State Councillor and Defense Minister,

Distinguished Guests,

Ladies and Gentlemen,

 

大家晚上好！很荣幸出席第五届香山论坛晚宴活动。

 

Good evening! It’s my great honor to attend the Xiangshan Forum.

 

本届论坛以“合作与共赢：构建亚洲命运共同体”为主题，准确把握了亚洲的脉搏。

 

The theme of this year’s forum cannot be more appropriate. As far as we can see, “Win-win through Cooperation: Building an Asian Community of Shared Destiny” is the way to go for Asia.

 

亚洲曾是古代文明的发源地。但近代以来，亚洲历经磨难，不少国家沦为殖民地或半殖民地。二战后，亚洲国家相继获得独立，但又深受冷战影响。冷战结束以来，亚洲国家积极探索符合自身国情和实际的发展道路，坚持相互尊重、平等互利、合作共赢，扎实推动经济一体化，创造了举世瞩目的亚洲奇迹，成为全球最具发展活力和潜力的地区。亚洲复兴正成为时代强音。

 

Asia was the cradle of ancient civilization. Yet Asia suffered a lot in modern times. Many Asian countries fell prey to colonial or semi-colonial rule. Many of them won back their independence after WWII, only to be trapped in a Cold War.

 

Since the end of the Cold War, Asian countries were finally able to focus on development and on exploring a path suited to their national conditions. Embracing the principles of mutual respect, equality and win-win cooperation, Asian countries ushered in the age of Asian rejuvenation and created the Asian miracle.

 

在全球化深入发展的今天，世界已经变成“地球村”，各国利益交融的广度和深度前所未有，形成你中有我、我中有你、安危与共的命运共同体。亚洲经济已成为世界经济的第三极和全球增长的重要引擎，但亚洲的发展不平衡问题也日益突出，一是自身发展不平衡，二是经济与安全两个轮子不平衡，三是地区国家的利益和域外国家的利益之间的协调面临问题。站在新的历史起点上，亚洲惟有顺应潮流，把握机遇，构建更为紧密的命运共同体，才能行稳致远。

 

Forces of globalization have transformed our world into a global village. The interests of countries have never been so closely inter-connected. We are all bound together as one community of shared destiny.

 

While we take pride in Asia becoming a major pillar and driver of growth for the world economy, we are aware of the imbalances building up in Asia, imbalances in Asia’s development, imbalances between the two wheels of economy and security, and the rising challenge in balancing the interests of regional countries and outside players.

 

Asia can only go far if it follows the trend of ours times, seize opportunities and build up the community of shared destiny.

 

中国新一届领导集体执政近两年来，中国政府在推进全面深化改革和继续对外开放的同时，高度重视加强区域合作和国际合作。中国领导人已就深化区域合作提出一系列重要倡议和概念，包括：丝绸之路经济带、21世纪海上丝绸之路、亚洲安全观、中国─东盟命运共同体、亚洲命运共同体。作为一个拥有14个陆地邻国、8个海上邻国的亚洲大国，中国深知自己的和平与发展身系亚洲，中国对构建亚洲命运共同体有很高期待。

 

In the past two years since taking office, the new Chinese leadership placed much priority on enhancing regional and international cooperation, as it pressed ahead with the agenda of comprehensive deepening of reform and opening-up.

 

Chinese leaders put forward a wide range of initiatives and proposals for regional cooperation, such as the Silk Road Economic Belt, 21st Century Maritime Silk Road, the Asian Security Concept, and a community of shared destiny between China and ASEAN and in Asia in general.

 

As a big Asian nation with 14 neighbors on land and 8 across the sea, China knows only too well that it depends on Asia for peace and development, and that its hope and future lies in building the Asian community of shared destiny.

 

依敝人拙见，构建亚洲命运共同体需要打牢三个支柱：

 

In my humble views, we need to build three pillars for the Asian community.

 

一是利益共同体。这是命运共同体的物质基础。地区国家应着力提升区域合作水平，把各国经济互补性转化为发展互助力，不断深化利益融合，实现共同发展。而经济一体化是打造利益共同体的根本途径。大国要支持东盟共同体建设，支持东盟主导的区域合作框架，用好东盟与对话合作伙伴（10+1）和东盟与中日韩（10+3）合作平台，深化务实合作，逐步构建东亚经济共同体。

 

First, a community of shared interests. This is the foundation for the Asian community. Asian countries should complement each other’s strengths through cooperation and tighten the bond of common interests and economic integration.

 

Major countries should support ASEAN community-building and ASEAN centrality in regional cooperation. We should make good use of the ASEAN plus one (10+1) and ASEAN plus three (10+3) frameworks to deepen practical cooperation and gradually shape an East Asian economic community.

 

二是责任共同体。这是命运共同体的安全保障。稳定是福、动荡是祸。相较其他地区，亚洲总体稳定，不存在大的安全威胁，这一局面值得倍加珍惜。地区国家应担负起维护地区安全的首要责任，通过加强对话合作不断增强理解互信，提供更多公共安全产品，携手维护地区和平稳定。

 

Second, a community of shared responsibility. This is an important safeguard for the Asian community. Prosperity comes only with peace. Compared with some other regions, Asia is blessed with overall stability. There exists no major threat to lasting peace in Asia. This situation should be cherished.

 

Asian countries bear primary responsibility for the security of their region. We should enhance mutual understanding and trust through closer dialogue and cooperation, and jointly promote regional peace and stability.

 

三是人文共同体。如果说经济和安全是构建亚洲命运共同体的两个轮子，那人文就是连接两个轮子的轴。亚洲不同文明多姿多彩，交相辉映，应加强交流对话，包容互鉴，共同进步。要着力扩大人员往来，增进国民友好感情，把亚洲建设成为和谐和睦的大家庭。

 

Third, a community of culture and people. If economy and security are the two wheels driving the Asian community, then cultural and people-to-people exchanges is the spoke connecting the two wheels.

 

Asia is rich in diversity and cultural heritage. We should promote exchanges, dialogue, and encourage inclusiveness and mutual learning. We should increase the flow of our peoples, deepen friendship and turn Asia into a big and harmonious family.

 

女士们，先生们，朋友们，

 

Ladies and Gentlemen,

 

作为全球经济增长的重要引擎，亚洲的稳定越来越具有世界意义，受到越来越多关注，这也是本届论坛重点探讨的议题。这里，我想就如何为构建亚洲命运共同体营造和平稳定的地区环境谈几点看法。

 

Stability in Asia has wider global significance and is drawing global attention. I’m glad it is also the central topic of this Forum. Let me share with you a few thoughts on how to build a foundation of peace and stability for the Asian Community of Shared Destiny.

 

一要树立新型安全理念。理念是行动的先导，解决新问题需要新理念。面对日新月异的区域经济合作势头，冷战思维、零和博弈、武力至上的陈旧安全理念已不合时宜。强化双边军事同盟，谋求自身绝对安全只会制造对立和隔阂。亚洲还没有普遍接受的共同安全观。各国应与时俱进，以开放包容精神加强团结合作，以新理念、新方式为维护亚洲安全探索出新路径。

 

First, there needs to be new concepts and approaches to security. Old security concepts based on the Cold War mentality, zero-sum game, and worship of force are being overtaken by new trends of regional economic integration. Strengthening bilateral military alliances and ensuring absolute security for oneself will easily worsen divisions and confrontation in the region.

 

In the absence of a generally accepted common security concept in Asia, countries should embrace openness and inclusiveness and explore a new path for Asian security.

 

今年在上海举行的亚信峰会上，习近平主席提出应树立共同、综合、合作、可持续的亚洲安全观。共同，就是要尊重和保障每个国家的安全。综合，就是统筹维护传统和非传统领域安全。合作，就是通过对话合作促进各国和本地区安全。可持续，就是要发展和安全并重以实现持久安全。这一安全观顺应时代潮流，是对地区安全合作理念的传承和创新，为亚洲安全合作开创了新的广阔空间。中国是亚洲安全观的倡导者，也是积极践行者，愿以新型安全理念为指引，同地区国家一道走共建、共享、共赢的安全之路。

 

At the CICA Conference (Conference on Interaction and Confidence Building Measures in Asia) in Shanghai this year, President Xi Jinping proposed an Asian security concept based on common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security.

 

Common security means respecting and ensuring the security of each and every country. Comprehensive security means upholding security in both traditional and non-traditional fields. Cooperative security means promoting the security of both individual countries and the region as a whole through dialogue and cooperation. Sustainable security calls for both development and security to make security durable.

 

This security concept is developed from the common security and cooperative security approach long existing in our region. It opens up broad new prospects for security cooperation in Asia. China is both a proponent and practitioner of this Asian security concept. We are ready to work with regional countries to achieve security for all through win-win cooperation.

 

二要夯实双边关系基础。邻国无法选择，彼此长相往来，磕磕碰碰在所难免。各方应秉承和平共处五项原则，以地区和平稳定大局为重，尊重和照顾彼此利益关切，以和平方式妥处矛盾分歧，确保世代友好相处。中国已同俄罗斯、塔吉克斯坦、吉尔吉斯斯坦、巴基斯坦、阿富汗等国签署《睦邻友好合作条约》，正与东盟探讨商签“中国─东盟国家睦邻友好合作条约”，这意味着将双方发展睦邻友好关系的良好意愿以法律形式固定下来，将为双边关系发展提供制度保障。

 

Second, there needs to be stable bilateral relations. One cannot choose its neighbors, and it is natural that neighbors encounter problems with each other. All parties should uphold the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, accommodate each other’s interests and concerns, and resolve disputes through peaceful means.

 

China has signed treaties of good-neighborliness, friendship and cooperation with a number of countries including Russia, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan and Afghanistan and is in discussions with ASEAN on a similar treaty. What these treaties do is to reaffirm the commitment of countries to good-neighborly relations through the force of law to institutionalize stable bilateral relations.

 

领土和海洋权益问题涉及各国根本利益和国民感情，解决起来十分困难。有关国家既要尊重国际法也要尊重历史事实，既要考虑现实因素也要考虑未来发展，不可偏执一方。对于一时解决不了的问题，可以搁置争议、共同开发，通过对话合作逐步减缓分歧，为今后彻底解决问题创造条件。

 

Territorial and maritime disputes bear on countries’ fundamental interests and national feelings, and hence are highly difficult to resolve. We should respect international law and historical facts. Disputes that do not have quick solutions may be shelved and parties can go for joint development. This would be a good way to narrow differences and create conditions for future resolution.

 

由直接相关方协商谈判解决争议是60多年来中国和相关国家处理边界和海洋问题的宝贵经验。中国已同14个邻国中的12国彻底解决陆地边界问题。中印通过边界问题特别代表机制保持密切沟通，既在推动边界问题谈判又共同致力于维护边境地区和平安宁。中国与不丹的边界谈判也在有序进行。中越完成北部湾划界，并积极探讨湾口外海域划界与共同开发。中韩商定2015年正式启动海域划界谈判。

 

Opting for negotiated settlement by parties directly concerned is a valuable experience gained by China through handling boundary and maritime issues in the past six decades. China has settled boundary issues with 12 out of 14 land neighbors.

 

China and India maintain close communication through the Special Representatives on the Boundary Question. Talks on the boundary issue between China and Bhutan are going smoothly.

 

China and Vietnam have delineated the maritime boundary in the Beibu Bay and are discussing delimitation and joint development in the outer mouth of the Beibu Bay. China and the ROK have agreed to officially launch negotiations on maritime delimitation in 2015.

 

中国和东盟国家就南海问题保持有效沟通，达成许多共识。我们提出处理南海问题的“双轨思路”，即由直接当事国协商谈判解决争议，中国与东盟国家共同维护南海和平稳定，为妥善处理南海问题找到了现实有效途径。各方均致力于全面有效落实《南海各方行为宣言》，同意在协商一致基础上早日达成“南海行为准则”，并已商定“准则”磋商“早期收获”，包括批准第一份共识文件，建立海上联合搜救热线平台及应对海上紧急事态外交高官热线等。中国愿同东盟国家在此进程中不断深化合作与信任，切实维护南海和平稳定。

 

China and ASEAN countries maintained effective dialogue on the South China Sea issue and made significant headway. We follow the “dual-track” approach, namely, disputes are to be resolved through negotiations by countries directly concerned while peace and stability in the South China Sea is maintained jointly by China and ASEAN countries. This is a realistic and effective way to properly handle the South China Sea issue.

 

Parties should remain committed to fully and effectively implement the DOC and conclude a COC based on consensus at an early date. “Early harvest” for the COC is being discussed. These include the first document on commonalities, and joint maritime search and rescue hotline and senior officials’ hotline for maritime emergencies. China is committed to deepening trust and cooperation and safeguarding peace and stability in the South China Sea with ASEAN countries.