联合国教科文组织总干事博科娃2015年缅怀大屠杀受难者国际纪念日致辞（中英对照）

Message from Ms Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO, on the Occasion of International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust

联合国教科文组织总干事伊琳娜·博科娃“缅怀大屠杀受难者国际纪念日”致辞

27 January 2015

2015年1月27日

Seventy years ago to the day, Red Army troops discovered the Auschwitz-Birkenau German Nazi concentration and extermination camp, where they released thousands of exhausted prisoners. Some 1,100,000 people had already died, including nearly a million Jews, as well as Poles, Gypsies, Soviet prisoners of war and other prisoners and deportees from all over Europe.

70年前的今天，苏联红军发现奥斯威辛-比克瑙德国纳粹集中和灭绝营。他们解救出数千名筋疲力尽的囚犯。1100000人已经死亡，其中包括一百万犹太人以及波兰人、吉普赛人、苏联战俘及从欧洲各地遣送的其他囚犯。

In the name of a racist ideology, the central element of which was hatred of Jews, millions of people of all ages and all conditions were murdered on a continental scale. Auschwitz-Birkenau was, along with Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor and Treblinka, at the heart of this industrial killing, which cost the lives of nearly six million Jews. This collapse in values and human rights is not the history of just one people or one region: it is our common history. Transmission of this history sheds light on the mechanisms of exclusion and violence that we find, in various forms, in certain regions of the world today. It reminds us that fanaticism targets both the physical destruction of people and the obliteration of their culture and heritage. It forces us to open our eyes to the reality of anti-Semitism today and to fight it relentlessly.

借以仇视犹太人为核心内容的种族主义意识形态的名义，在整个欧洲大陆数以百万计的各种年龄和背景的人惨遭屠杀。奥斯威辛-比克瑙与贝尔赛克、切姆诺、马伊达内克、索比堡和特雷布林卡一道处于这一工业化屠杀系统的核心，它夺走了近600万犹太人的生命。价值观和人权沦陷的这一幕不只是某个民族或某种宗教的历史：它是我们共同的历史。传承这段历史会让我们清楚认识当今世界某些地区仍以各种形式存在的排斥和暴力机制。它警示我们狂热主义既要把人从肉体上毁灭，也要消灭他们的文化和遗产。它迫使我们正视今天反犹太主义的现实并与其做不懈的斗争。

UNESCO was founded 70 years ago, in the aftermath of the Holocaust, precisely in order to prevent the return of the criminal madness of the Nazis and their collaborators, by using the resources of education and culture, by strengthening the intellectual and moral solidarity of peoples, as guarantees for the equality and dignity of all women and men. This International Day shines the spotlight on the core principles that underpin all of our action and the absolute need to enforce them today.

70年前，在发生大屠杀之后，教科文组织正式创立。其宗旨是利用教育和文化资源，加强作为人类尊严和平等原则之保障的各国人民之间道义和思想上的团结，防止纳粹及其帮凶疯狂罪行的重演。国际日让我们重温自己行动所依托的基本原则并认识到落实这些原则的绝对必要性。

Education on the history of the Holocaust is a vital part of this struggle, which requires total commitment from teachers, the media and all social actors. It must help us to prevent future genocides. It must enable young people to protect themselves from hate speech, racism and anti-Semitism and to not be misled by the many guises they take today. This work involves responding, point by point, to those who deny the Holocaust or relativize the crimes committed against the Jews, who seek to justify and perpetuate the hate that caused the genocide.

大屠杀历史教育是这一斗争的基石。它需要教师、媒体以及所有社会行动者的坚定承诺。大屠杀历史的教育应有助于我们预防种族灭绝事件的发生。它应使青年人能够自我防护，不受传播仇恨、种族主义以及反犹太主义言论的毒害，不会被其形形色色的伪装所欺骗。这项工作要求我们逐一回应否认大屠杀或淡化对犹太人所犯罪行的论调，这些论调力图为曾经造成种族灭绝的仇恨辩解并延续这种仇恨。

Seventy years after Auschwitz, this struggle continues to this day, because racism and anti-Semitism, based on ignorance and prejudice, continue to kill men and women. The survivors we honour this year convey to us a message of vigilance, which we must hear and put into action. In the name of this shared heritage, I call upon all Member States to teach the history of the Holocaust in schools and to make the prevention of genocide and mass crimes an educational priority. In the fight against fanaticism that killed in the past and continues to kill today, I call on all to reaffirm, more than ever, UNESCO’s founding credo: “Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed”.

奥斯威辛70年后的今天，这一斗争依然具有现实意义，依托无知和偏见，种族主义和反犹太主义仍在杀人。我们今年所纪念的大屠杀事件的幸存者给我们传递的讯息是保持警惕，对此我们必须听取并落实到行动中。以这一共同遗产的名义，我呼吁所有会员国在学校里讲授大屠杀这段历史，把预防种族灭绝和大规模犯罪作为教育的重点。面对曾经并仍然在杀人的狂热主义，我呼吁大家比以往任何时候都要更加坚定地重申教科文组织的创始信条：“战争起源于人之思想，故务需于人之思想中筑起保卫和平之屏障”。