李克强总理在全国推进简政放权放管结合职能转变工作电视电话会议上的讲话（中英对照）

二、推动简政放权向纵深发展，进一步释放市场活力和社会创造力

II. Push for greater depth in streamlining administration and delegating power to further unleash market vitality and public creativity

深化简政放权，既要有勇气，也要有智慧。改革进行到现在，要更多触及深层次矛盾、触动利益的“奶酪”，还要改变原来习惯的管理方式，很不容易。何况，简政放权实质是政府的自身革命，自我削权限权就像割自己的肉，更为困难。目前这一改革如同顶风逆水搏激流，不仅不进则退，慢进也会退。为了国家发展和人民福祉，为了使经济运行保持在合理区间，实现经济社会持续健康发展，我们必须以壮士断腕的决心和勇气，着力把简政放权加快向前推进。坚决把该“放”的彻底放开、该“减”的彻底减掉、该“清”的彻底清除，不留尾巴、不留死角、不搞变通。同时，要做好深化简政放权的统筹谋划，因地制宜，讲究策略和方法，确保改革顺利推进和取得更大成效。

To deepen this reform takes both courage and wisdom. The reform has come to a stage where more deep-lying problems and vested interests will be targeted and the accustomed style of management will be changed. This is by no means an easy task. What makes it even more difficult is that as a self-imposed reform by the government to shed and restrain its own power, to streamline administration and delegate power is just like taking a knife to one’s own flesh. This is like sailing upstream against strong headwind. We would get pushed back if no progress is made, or simply if progress is not made fast enough. To ensure national development and people’s well-being and sustained and sound economic and social development and that the economy continues to perform in a proper range, we must speed up this reform with utmost determination and courage. We must ensure the thoroughness of the reform without skipping or watering down any step or leaving any issue unaddressed. It is also important to design the reform measures properly and choose the approach and method wisely in light of specific circumstances to ensure smooth progress and greater effectiveness of the reform.

深化简政放权，要注重把握好三点：一要开门搞改革。民之所望，施政所向。人民群众对审批之弊感受最深，对改什么、如何改最有发言权。我们要把主要由政府部门“端菜”变为更多由人民群众“点菜”，以群众需求为导向、从反映强烈的突出问题入手，确定深化改革的重点、措施和路径，更为精准、更加精细地清除阻碍创新发展的“堵点”、影响干事创业的“痛点”和监管服务的“盲点”。二要上下联动。上下同欲者胜。在简政放权这场重大改革中，上下必须协同推进。上级政府在设计改革方案时，要重视听取下级特别是基层政府的意见，使改革举措更具可行性、操作性。下级政府在贯彻执行上级要求的同时，要结合自身实际制定好落实的具体办法。除涉及国家安全、生态安全和公众健康等重大公共利益事项外，其他的审批事项原则上要以取消为主。确需下放的，各部门要协调同步，把整个审批链全下放，不能你放他不放、责放权不放。只要有一个部门不放，企业创业和投资项目就整个运作不起来。因此，有关部门对确需保留的审批事项，不论是前置还是后置，都要有时限要求，而且要联网、要公开。事项下放到哪一级，要根据地方各级政府的职责来确定，不能层层往下甩包袱，最后导致基层接不住。三要由人民群众和实践评判改革成效。群众和企业满意不满意，实践效果如何，是检验简政放权成效的根本标准。不能光看你下了多大功夫，数字上取消下放了多少，关键要看群众和企业办起事来是不是快了、花钱少了、成本低了。

In deepening this reform, three things are vital. First, the reform must be a transparent process. Our policy must meet the needs of the people. It is the people who feel most deeply about the problems in our review and approval system and know the best what needs to be changed and how reform should proceed. Instead of simply asking the people to accept government decisions, the government should give the people the right to decide. It is their needs and what they feel most strongly about that should be the main focus of the reform. And steps and pathways of the reform should be formulated accordingly. We need more targeted and detailed measures to remove the “choking points” in innovation, “stumbling blocks” in getting things done and “blind spots” in regulation and service. Second, the reform must be carried out in unison between the higher and lower levels of government. As an old Chinese saying goes, “An army wins that unite all its ranks around the same spirit.” In the context of this major reform, different levels of government must work closely together. For governments at higher levels, they need to listen to the suggestions from lower levels, the grassroots level in particular, to make the reform plan more feasible and operable. For governments at lower levels, while following through on the instructions from above, it is important to come up with concrete implementation steps suited to the actual circumstances. Except for matters concerning major public interests such as national security, environmental security and public health, the priority should be to reduce matters requiring approval. In cases where power delegation is duly required, different departments need to check with each other to ensure that the entire approval chain is delegated. No department shall cling to the power or simply pass on the responsibility without giving up the final say. Otherwise, any single department that refuses to delegate its power could completely stall a business start-up or investment program. That is why there must be a deadline for any necessary approval, be it before or after registration. The departments must link up their approval system and make relevant information known to the public. To which level should power be delegated shall be determined on the basis of the due responsibilities of local governments instead of passing the buck and simply leaving it to the grassroots-level government which may not be capable of handling the delegated matters. Third, it is up to the public to evaluate the effectiveness of the reform. Ultimately, it is the level of satisfaction of the people and companies and the actual results that should serve as the criteria for our reform efforts. The result should be measured not only by how hard we work or how many approval items we have abolished or delegated, but rather by if it is easier for our people and businesses to get things done with less time, money and energy.

为确保落实到位，必须突出重点、明确时限、扎实推进。

Solid efforts should be made to promote streamlined administration and delegate power this year with clearly-set priorities and deadlines.

（一）再砍掉一批审批事项，切实降低就业创业创新门槛。5月底前，全面完成国务院部门非行政许可审批事项清理工作，今后不再保留这一审批类别。年底前，再取消一批“含金量”高的行政审批、投资项目核准及前置审批、资质资格许可认定、评比达标表彰等事项。清理取消中央指定地方实施的行政审批事项，年底前取消200项以上，为地方放权进一步打开空间。

(I) Cut down still more review and approval items to earnestly lower the threshold to employment, entrepreneurship and innovation. By the end of May, we will finish sorting out all items requiring non-governmental review and approval by the State Council departments and will thereafter revoke such review and approval category. By the end of the year, we will further revoke some items greater in “value” to society, such as administrative review and approval, review and preliminary approval of investment project, qualification and credential review and certification as well as making performance evaluation, reaching standards, and awarding commendations. By removing by the end of the year over 200 administrative review and approval items as previously designated by the central government for implementation by local governments, we will open greater space for local governments to delegate power.

（二）再砍掉一批审批中介事项，切实拆除“旋转门”、“玻璃门”。要抓紧制定并公布国务院部门行政审批中介服务事项清单，精简中介评估事项。加快摘掉中介机构的“红顶”，与行政审批部门彻底脱钩，斩断利益链条。这里要明确，我们国家中介服务业与发达国家相比还有很大差距，发展空间很大，是新的经济增长点。清理规范中介服务，不是要限制这个行业发展，而是要通过营造公平竞争环境，强化服务职能，使其更好更快发展。

(II) Cut down still more review and approval items by intermediaries to truly dismantle the so-called “revolving doors” and “glass doors”. We should speed up efforts to formulate and announce a list of intermediary services of administrative review and approval by State Council departments while simplifying procedures for intermediary evaluation. We should completely delink the intermediaries from administrative review and approval agencies so as to cut off the chain of interests between the two. Obviously, China’s intermediary services fall far short of those in developed countries, an area that promises great potential as a new growth point. Sorting out and regulating intermediary services should not result in restricting their development. Rather, it is aimed at promoting their better and faster development by creating a level playing field and strengthening their functions of services.

（三）再砍掉一批审批过程中的繁文缛节，切实方便企业和群众办事。9月底前，国务院部门要简化行政审批流程，压缩前置审批环节并公开时限，推行并联审批和网上审批，着力解决环节多、时间长、随意性大等问题。加快建设信息共享、覆盖全国的投资项目在线审批监管平台。6月底前实现部门间“横向联通”，年底前实现中央和地方“纵向贯通”。

(III) Cut down still more red tape in the review and approval process to help the companies and individuals involved. By the end of September, State Council departments should simplify administrative review and approval procedures, reducing the preliminary procedures and making relevant deadlines public, promote integrated and online review and approval, and effectively address problems such as overly complicated and time-consuming procedures and arbitrary conduct in work. We should speed up the establishment of a nationwide information-sharing online platform for the review and oversight of investment projects. It will start operation of connecting all central government departments by the end of June, and of connecting the central and local governments by the end of the year.

（四）再砍掉一批企业登记注册和办事的关卡，切实清除创业创新路障。继续推进工商注册便利化，年内实现“三证合一”、“一照一码”。这是对能否破除部门利益的一个重要检验。我到地方去调研，有的已实现了“三号”变“一码”，但是只能在当地实施，其他地方还不认，遇到不少困难。要尽快在全国实现“一照一码”，推动全国市场实现统一公开透明和公平竞争。继续创新优化登记方式，实行“一址多照”和“一照多址”。取消没有法律法规依据、不必要的后置办证事项。要通过深化商事制度改革，努力使新增企业数持续保持较快增长，新企业活跃度不断提高，为稳增长、保就业奠定基础。

(IV) Cut down still more registration procedures and other formalities required of enterprises to clear way for entrepreneurship and innovation. To further facilitate business registration, we will, by the end of the year, complete the three-in-one reform by integrating the business license, certificate of organization codes and certificate of taxation registration, and introduce a new social credit code to the enterprises. This is an important test to our ability to break the chain of departmental interests and form a unified nationwide information platform. I have found out from inspection tours that the new social credit code has been in use in some places, but yet to be recognized by other places. Though still difficult to proceed, we should redouble efforts to popularize the new social credit code across the country, so as to put in place a unified, open and transparent national marketplace for all to join in fair competition. We should continue to innovate the registration modality, allowing two or more companies to register at the same address and one company to set up branches while getting registered just once. Such practice as applying for permit after receiving the license, which is unnecessary and required by no law, will be removed. We should deepen business system reform to ensure sustained growth of new companies along with their business dynamism, thus laying a good foundation for a steadily growing economy and employment.

（五）再砍掉一批不合法不合规不合理的收费，切实减轻企业和群众负担。收费必须规范。去年以来我们采取了一系列定向调控措施，包括对小微企业和“三农”等减税、定向降准、不对称降息等，向市场发出了积极信号，实践证明这些措施是有效的。但是如果各种收费减不下来，其它措施就是再多，也会被冲减甚至抵消掉。5月底前，要对收费专项清理规范工作作出部署。年底前，没有法律法规依据且未按规定批准、越权设立的收费基金项目，一律取消。擅自提高征收标准、扩大征收范围的，一律停止执行。属于政府提供普遍公共服务或一般性管理职能的行政事业性收费，不适应经济发展的政府性基金，没有法定依据的行政审批中介收费，一律取消。超过服务成本的收费和有较大结余的基金，一律降低征收标准。

(V) Cut down still more unlawful, unregulated and unreasonable fees to truly lessen the burden on companies and individuals. The collection of fees must be regulated. Since last year, we have adopted a number of targeted regulation measures, including tax cuts for small and micro businesses and for agriculture, rural areas and farmers, targeted reduction of the bank required reserve ratio, and asymmetrical reduction of interest rates, thus sending a positive signal to the market. These measures have proven effective. But if the fees remain uncut, then the benefit of measures, no matter how numerous we adopt, would be undermined or even canceled out. By the end of May, we should put in place the special plan to clear up and regulate fees. And by the end of the year, we will make sure that all the fees and funds that have been created and approved without proper authorization and legal basis be completely revoked and practices of arbitrarily increasing or expanding fees be stopped. Administrative fees for ordinary public services or general management functions offered by the government, government-run funds no longer suited for economic development, and intermediary fees for administrative review and approval without legal basis will all be eliminated. And fees that exceed the cost of services and funds with a considerable surplus balance should see their contributions lowered.

政府在减权放权的同时，要以刚性的制度来管权限权，厉行法治，依法行政，建设法治政府。要坚持职权法定原则，加快建立“三个清单”，划定政府与市场、企业、社会的权责边界。以权力清单明确政府能做什么，“法无授权不可为”；以责任清单明确政府该怎么管市场，“法定职责必须为”；以负面清单明确对企业的约束有哪些，“法无禁止即可为”。通过建立“三个清单”，依法管好“看得见的手”，用好“看不见的手”，挡住“寻租的黑手”。今年，要基本完成省级政府部门权力清单的公布，研究推行国务院部门权力清单和责任清单制度并开展试点。

While reducing and delegating powers, the government should step up the management and restriction of its powers through a strong system, introducing rule of law, enhancing law-based administration, and making itself a law-based government. Honoring the principle that functions and powers are set by law, we should set up the “three lists” quickly, clearly defining the boundary of power and responsibility between the government on the one hand and the market, enterprise and society on the other. With the list of power, the government will know clearly what it can do, and what it cannot do when it comes to things outside the mandate of law. With the list of responsibility, the government will know clearly how it should manage the market, and what it must do as required by law. And with the negative list, companies will know clearly the restrictions they are subjected to, and what they can do outside the confines of law. With the three lists in place, it is easier for us to control the “visible hand” in accordance with law, leverage the “invisible hand”, and block the “rent-seeking hand”. Within this year, we should basically complete the publication of the power list for the government departments at the provincial level, and conduct studies and pilot programs on the power list and responsibility list for the State Council departments.