李克强总理在全国推进简政放权放管结合职能转变工作电视电话会议上的讲话（中英对照）

三、创新和加强政府管理，使市场和社会活而有序

III. Strive for dynamic and orderly market and society by innovating and strengthening governance

深化行政体制改革、转变政府职能，不仅要取消和下放权力，还要改善和加强政府管理，提高政府效能，增强依法全面履职能力，使市场和社会既充满活力又规范有序，促进经济持续健康发展和社会公平正义。

Deepening administrative reform and transforming government functions require not only the removal and delegating of powers, but also improvement and strengthening of governance, with greater government efficiency and stronger government capacity for comprehensively performing duties in accordance with law, so as to ensure both dynamism and order in the market and society, and deliver sustained and healthy economic growth and just and equitable society.

加强市场监管，为各类市场主体营造公平竞争的发展环境，是当务之急。目前，我国市场经济秩序还很不规范。商事制度等改革之后，新的市场主体大批涌现，如果监管跟不上，市场秩序混乱现象会加剧，“劣币驱逐良币”的扭曲效应会放大，严重制约诚实守信经营者和新的市场主体发展。我到地方调研，不少企业包括台商、外商反映，侵犯知识产权、坑蒙拐骗等行为，企业自身难以解决，如果政府把这些问题管住了，企业的“心头之痛”就解除了。因此，在大量减少审批后，政府要更多转为事中事后监管，切实把市场管住、管好。这是政府管理方式的重大转变，难度更大、要求更高。各级政府及其工作人员要积极适应这一转变，切实履行好管理职责。

The pressing task now is to strengthen market regulation, and create a level playing field for market entities of various types. Currently, China’s market economy is far from well-regulated. A large number of new market players have emerged after the reform of the business system. Should market regulation fall short, market disorder could intensify, and the distorted effect of the “bad money driving out the good” would get amplified, and the development of honest and the new market players would be adversely affected. I was told in my local field trips by many, including business people from Taiwan and foreign countries, that companies alone can not resolve such market irregularities as IPR infringements, cheating, swindling and counterfeiting. If the government gets them under control, companies would be relieved of their “pain in the heart”. Therefore, after significantly reducing the number of review and approval items, the government should get to the ongoing and ex-post oversight of the market. This represents a major shift of government management style which is harder and more challenging. Governments at all levels, as well as their employees, should adapt themselves to such a shift and earnestly perform their duties of governance.

要转变监管理念，强化法治、公平、责任意识。现在我们在市场监管上，一方面，各种检查太多，随意性太大，企业疲于应付，还有不少寻租行为。另一方面，该监管的还没有管或没有管住、管好。政府监管要“居敬行简”，不扰民、不烦民但法度不缺，制定科学有效的市场监管规则、流程和标准，向社会公示，使市场主体明晓界限、守法经营，并缩小监管者自由裁量权。同时，要依法开展监管，维护和保障市场公平竞争秩序，当好“裁判员”，不犯规的不去烦扰，轻微犯规的及时亮“黄牌”警告，严重犯规的马上“红牌”罚下场。当然，裁判要履职尽责、公平公正执法，不能该吹哨的不吹，更不能吹“黑哨”。监管者必须受监督，要公开信息，健全并严格执行监管责任制和责任追究制。

We need to improve the supervision approach to place more emphasis on the rule of law, fairness and accountability. The current practice of market supervision entails inspection of too many kinds without clearly defined rules, adding burdens to enterprises and creating room for rent seeking. On the other hand, market behaviors that should be subject to supervision by the government are left in benign neglect. The right approach to supervision requires both strictness and simplicity. The government should minimize intervention in people’s lives and put in place a sound legal framework and proper and effective rules, procedures and standards for market supervision and publicize them fully so that market players will know where the line is drawn and carefully observe it. By so doing, the discretionary power of regulators will be slashed. Equally important, the government must carry out supervision in accordance with the law, maintain and safeguard the market order for fair competition. To use a sports metaphor, the government should be a good “referee” - leaving those well-behaved players alone while giving a timely yellow-card warning for minor fouls or a prompt red card for serious foul play. Needless to say, a referee should perform his duty faithfully and enforce the rules in a fair and just manner instead of being negligent or engaging in match-fixing. Regulators must be subject to supervision as well. Relevant information should be made public and a well-defined accountability system for supervision must be enforced.

要创新监管机制和监管方式，提高监管效能。这两年，各地积极探索实践，积累了很多行之有效的经验和做法。要继续推进监管创新。一是实行综合监管和执法。抓紧建立统一的监管平台，把部门间关联的监管事项都放到平台上来，同时清理整合各类行政执法队伍，推进跨部门、跨行业综合执法，让几个“大盖帽”合成一个“大盖帽”，形成监管和执法合力，避免交叉重复或留空白死角。监管和执法的结果应公示，并留底备查，阳光是治理监管和执法不公最有效的手段。二是推广随机抽查监管。有些地方和行业把企业和监管部门人员放在同一平台上，通过两次摇号，按一定比例对企业进行抽检，随机确定检查人员，企业有了压力，也减少了监管部门寻租机会。要抓紧推广这一做法。三是推进“智能”监管。积极运用大数据、云计算、物联网等信息化手段，探索实行“互联网+监管”模式。加快部门之间、上下之间信息资源的开放共享、互联互通，打破“信息孤岛”。推进统一的社会信用体系建设，建立信息披露和诚信档案制度、失信联合惩戒机制和黑名单制度，让失信者一处违规、处处受限。四是强化社会监督。畅通投诉举报渠道，对举报者要给予有足够吸引力的奖励并严格保密。强化企业首负责任，通过倒逼形成层层追溯、相互监督机制。加强行业自律，鼓励同行监督。充分发挥媒体舆论监督作用。无数双眼睛盯着每一个角落，就能织就监督的“恢恢天网”。

We need to innovate supervision mechanisms and explore new ways to make supervision more effective. After active experiment over the past two years, local governments have gathered plenty of good experience and practices. Continuous efforts must be made to advance innovation in supervision. First, we need to put in place an integrated system for supervision and law enforcement. We should push ahead the building of a unified supervision platform that covers the entire scope of supervision by all government departments involved. Meanwhile, we need to consolidate administrative law enforcement teams to conduct cross-department and cross-sector law enforcement. The responsibilities of different law enforcement agencies can be merged into one to form synergy in supervision and law enforcement and avoid either overlapping responsibilities or blank spot. The result of supervision and law enforcement should be made public and put on record. After all, the most effective way to deal with unfair supervision and law enforcement is to expose them in the sun light. Second, we will carry out more ad hoc inspections. In some places and sectors, enterprises and regulators involved in inspections are now randomly selected through separate lotteries conducted on the same platform. We will popularize such practices across the country as they both increase pressure on the enterprises and narrow the space for rent seeking. Third, we will advance “smart” supervision. We should actively employ big data, cloud computing, the Internet of Things and other information technology to explore an “Internet Plus supervision” model. We should speed up information sharing and connectivity among departments at different levels to remove “isolated islands of information”, so to speak. We will put in place a unified social credit system, an information disclosure and credit filing system, and an integrated punishment and black list mechanism so that one dishonest behavior will result in restrictions at every turn. Fourth, we need to strengthen public supervision. We need to have unimpeded channels for public complaints and tip-offs. We should give sufficient incentives to whistle-blowers and keep their identity confidential. Enterprises should bear the primary responsibility in the mutual supervision mechanism that can trace problems to the source. Industry self-regulation and peer review should be strengthened. Media scrutiny should be encouraged. All these efforts will help weave a tight net of supervision where nothing can escape public attention.

四、优化政府服务，更好满足人民群众和经济社会发展需求

IV. Improve government services to better meet the need of the people and that of economic and social development

让老百姓过上好日子，是人民政府的天职。这几年，各级政府在加强服务方面花了不少力气，但公共产品短缺、公共服务薄弱等问题依然突出。加快解决这一问题，可以有效提升政府服务能力和水平，也可以增加有效投资、有利于顶住经济下行压力。这要靠深化简政放权等改革破除障碍，把市场机制作用发挥好。改革的实效也要从增加公共产品、公共服务方面来体现。我们要努力通过提供比较充裕的公共产品、优质高效的公共服务，使创业创新过程更顺畅、经济发展之路更通畅、人民群众心情更舒畅，使整个社会更温馨、更和谐、更有凝聚力和活力。

It falls upon the government to create conditions for its people to lead a decent life. Despite the tremendous efforts over the years made by governments at all levels, public goods and services remain inadequate. Promptly addressing this challenge will help bring about notable improvement in the capacity and quality of government services and an increase in effective investment, which will help counter the downward pressure on the economy. This calls for deepening reform, such as further streamlining administration and delegating power to remove obstacles and better leverage the role of market forces. The result of the reform can be measured by the rate of increase in public goods and services. By providing sufficient public goods and quality, efficient public services, we want to make entrepreneurship and innovation easier, economic development smoother, our people happier and our society more caring, harmonious, cohesive and dynamic.

（一）为大众创业、万众创新提供全方位服务。“双创”有利于扩大就业，稳增长也是为了保就业。一是加强政策支持。在降税清费减负基础上，要研究出台一批扶持创业创新特别是小微企业的政策措施。对众创空间、创新工场等各种孵化器，要在租金、场地、税费等方面给予支持。发挥财政资金杠杆作用，采取贴息、补助、创投基金等方式，撬动社会投入；完善投融资机制，大力发展风险投资、天使投资等投资方式，探索新型商业模式，多措并举帮助创业者解决资金困难问题。二是提供平台综合服务。创业创新需要什么服务，政府就要在这个平台上提供什么服务。强化政策、法律和信息咨询服务。加强知识产权保护。做好对大学生的就业创业指导服务和农民工的职业技能培训。这些服务有的政府部门可以直接提供，有的可以向专业机构购买，有的还要鼓励中介组织等积极参与。三是服务要便捷高效。群众创业创新不易，各级政府及其工作人员要设身处地为他们着想，提供更加人性化、更富人情味的服务，态度要好、手续要少、速度要快。继续办好政务服务中心和办事大厅，实行“一个窗口受理、一站式审批、一条龙服务”，规范流程、明确标准、缩短时间。

(I) We will provide all-round services for mass entrepreneurship and innovation. This will help create jobs, which is also the aim of promoting stable growth. First, we need to strengthen policy support. We are looking at a series of policy measures in support of entrepreneurship and innovation with a focus on small and micro businesses on top of cutting taxes, slashing fees and reducing corporate burdens. We will provide support in terms of rent, office space, taxes and fees to various incubators such as makerspaces and Innovation Works. We will make government funds available to leverage private input through discounts, subsidies and venture capital funds. We will improve investment and financing mechanisms, develop venture capital, angel investment and other forms of investment, explore new business models and take multi-pronged steps to help entrepreneurs meet their financial needs. Second, we will put in place a platform for comprehensive services on which all the needs for entrepreneurship and innovation will be provided for. We will step up policy, legal and consulting services, better protect intellectual property rights and provide guidance to employment and entrepreneurship for college graduates and vocational training for rural migrant workers. Some of these services can be provided by the government directly, some can be purchased from specialized agencies and some others require the active involvement of intermediaries. Third, we will provide accessible and efficient services. It is already demanding for people to start up companies and make innovations. Governments at all levels and their staff must put themselves in the shoes of entrepreneurs and innovators, provide more tailor-made, thoughtful and speedy services with streamlined procedures. We will continue to offer one-window, one-stop and one-package services at government service centers, set up clearly defined procedures and standards, and shorten the approval time.

（二）为人民群众提供公平、可及的公共服务。增加公共产品和公共服务供给，政府不能唱“独角戏”，要创新机制，尽可能利用社会力量，并搞好规划、制定标准、促进竞争、加强监管。凡是企业和社会组织有积极性、适合承担的，都要通过委托、承包、采购等方式交给他们承担；确需政府参与的，要实行政府和社会资本合作模式。即使是基本公共服务，也要尽量这样做。政府办事要尽可能不养人、不养机构，追求不花钱能办事或少花钱多办事的效果。这也有利于形成公共服务发展新机制，促进民办教育、医疗和养老等服务业发展。我们既要努力提供充裕的公共服务，更要增强公共服务的公平性和可及性。要创新服务方式，最大程度地便民利民。有些服务事项，最好能让群众不出门，通过网上办理、代办服务、上门服务等方式来完成。如果需要群众直接来，要提前告知各种要求，力争来一两次就办成。对要求群众出具的各种“证明”，要清理规范，能免的就免、能合的就合，确实需要的，尽可能通过部门之间信息共享和业务协同来核查解决。各级政府及其工作人员都要有这样一个服务理念，就是宁可自己多辛苦，也要让群众少跑路。

(II) We will provide fair and accessible public services to the people. Providing more public goods and services is not the one-man show of the government. We should introduce institutional innovation, use all the possible support of the society and make sure there is sound planning, standards, competition and stronger oversight. Enterprises and public organizations should be given the responsibility in whatever areas they have the interest and expertise, by way of authorization, contracting and purchase. For those services where government involvement is truly needed, there should be public-private partnership. This should also be applied whenever possible to the provision of basic public services. The government should try its best not to add staff or institutions and strive to do more with less. This will be conducive to the formation of a new public services mechanism and to the growth of privately-run service sectors in education, health care and old-age care. While working hard to provide sufficient public services, we should improve the fairness and accessibility of such services. We need to innovate the ways of delivering services to bring the greatest possible convenience and benefit to the people. It will be ideal if some services can be handled online, or by proxy or delivered to the doorstep which saves people the time of visiting government bureaus. When people do need to go to government bureaus, they should be notified of all the requirements beforehand and be able to complete the procedure with one or two visits. As for the various kinds of “certificates” people are asked to produce, they should be kept at a minimum, and they should be standardized and combined whenever possible. Those that are truly necessary should be verified through information sharing and coordination between government departments. Government at all levels and their staff must be committed to providing the greatest convenience for the people even if it means more work for themselves.

（三）履行好政府保基本的兜底责任。我国还是一个发展中国家，全国有7000多万低保人口、7000多万贫困人口。虽然我们建立了覆盖全民的社会保障制度，但保障水平还比较低。现在不少地方财政吃紧，但再困难也要保障好困难群众的基本生活。底线兜住了，也可为创业者特别是青年人创业解除后顾之忧，即使失败了也有机会再次创业。当前，要更加关注困难群体的就业、社保、教育、医疗、养老等问题，加快城市棚户区和农村危旧房改造。需要指出的是，提供基本公共服务、保障和改善民生不能脱离实际，要与经济社会发展水平相适应。

(III) We will make sure the government fulfills its responsibility to provide subsistence assistance for all. China is still a developing country with more than 70 million people living on the basic living allowances and roughly the same number of people living below the poverty line. Though we have established a social security system that covers the whole population, the level of welfare provided remains low, and many local governments have to struggle with fiscal crunch. Yet no difficulty should weaken our resolve to meet the basic needs of those people in poverty. When subsistence is guaranteed, business starters, especially the young people, will be free to pursue their ambitions and have something to fall back on even if they fail. We should pay more attention to the employment, social welfare, education, health care and old-age needs of groups in difficulty and accelerate the transformation of urban rundown areas and dilapidated houses in rural areas. Nonetheless, it should be pointed out that efforts to provide basic public services and improve people’s livelihood should be based on reality and commensurate with the level of economic and social development in our country.