世卫总干事陈冯富珍博士向联合国安理会介绍非洲和平与安全问题（中英对照）

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英文版：Briefing to the United Nations Security Council on Peace and Security in Africa.doc

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Briefing to the United Nations Security Council on Peace and Security in Africa: Ebola

向联合国安理会介绍非洲和平与安全问题：埃博拉

 

Dr Margaret Chan, Director-General of the World Health Organization

世界卫生组织总干事 陈冯富珍博士

 

New York, USA

美国 纽约

 

13 August 2015

 2015年8月13日

 

Distinguished members of the Security Council, ladies and gentlemen,

 

尊敬的安理会各位成员，女士们、先生们：

 

Much has changed since I briefed the Security Council on the Ebola outbreak in September of last year.

 

自从去年9月我向安理会介绍埃博拉疫情以来有了很多变化。

 

The dire situation at that time rallied an unprecedented response by the international community and by individual governments, who brought in military expertise, medical teams, critical equipment and supplies, and considerable financial resources.

 

当时的严峻形势使国际社会和各国政府得到动员并作出了前所未有的应对，他们带来了军事方面的专门技能、医疗队、急需的医疗设备以及大量财务资源。

 

That generous surge of support had an impact. Surveillance and response capacities have vastly improved. We have a very good picture of current chains of transmission, and know how to break them. Full genome sequencing of viruses can be done within 48 hours of case detection, yielding clues for the detective work of tracing the origins of each and every single case.

 

蜂拥而至的慷慨支持产生了效果。监测和应对能力有了很大改善。我们对目前的传播链有了很好的了解，并且知道如何将其阻断。发现病例48小时之内就可以对病毒做出全基因组测序，获得用来追踪每位病例起源的侦破线索。

 

New cases in Liberia have again stopped. Guinea and Sierra Leone have together reported only three cases during each of the past two weeks, representing the lowest numbers seen in well over a year.

 

利比里亚的新发病例又一次得到遏制。在过去两周中几内亚和塞拉利昂每周总共报告发生了仅三个病例，这是在过去一年中所见到的最低数字。

 

This is a night-and-day difference from the situation less than a year ago. I can assure you: the progress is real, and it has been hard-earned.

 

这与不到一年前的情况相比有天壤之别。我可以向你们保证：这方面的进展是实实在在的，且来之不易。

 

Most credit for this progress goes to unwavering leadership at the highest level of government. At the same time, I must caution against a false sense of security. All it takes is a single undetected case in a health facility, one infected contact fleeing the monitoring system, or one unsafe burial to ignite a flare-up of cases.

 

取得这种进展的大部分功劳应归功于政府高层坚定的领导力。同时我必须告诫人们不要有安全错觉。疾病流行的点燃仅仅就是卫生机构没有发现的一个病例，逃离监测系统的一位受到感染的接触者，或是一次不安全的埋葬仪式而已。

 

Further setbacks, such as the one experienced by Liberia at the end of June, can be expected. We are grateful to the government for reporting that event immediately and mounting such an impressive response.

 

利比里亚在今年六月底时遇到的这类挫折有可能再次出现。我们感谢该国政府对这次事件作出的即时报告，并做出了这样使人印象深刻的反应。

 

International organizations continue to support national efforts, with several thousand specialists working alongside national staff in villages and towns as well as in the capital cities. If the current intensity of case detection and contact tracing is sustained, the virus can be soundly defeated by the end of this year. That means getting to zero and staying at zero.

 

国际组织继续支持国家努力，数千名专家与国家工作人员一道工作在乡镇和首都城市。如果目前这种病例发现和接触者追踪工作力度得以延续，那么该病毒将在今年底之前被彻底击败。这就意味着实现零病例并且保持病例为零。

 

Fears that the virus could become permanently established in humans in this part of Africa have receded. This is also very good news.

 

人们担心该病毒可能在非洲这一地区的人类中间永远扎下根来，这种担忧已经在减弱。这也是一个很好的消息。

 

The outbreak, by far the largest, longest, and most severe ever known, shook the world and challenged the international community, crying out for the most powerful possible response. They asked for something we had never done before.

 

这次疫情是迄今为止规模最大、时间最长且影响最严重的一次，它令全世界震惊并成为国际社会的难题，需要做出最为强有力的可能反应。这要求我们去做以前从末做过的事情。

 

What explains the scale and duration of the outbreak? What allowed the virus to rage out of control? What are the vulnerabilities that might let similar, or even worse, events threaten the world? What specific preparedness measures can prevent their occurrence?

 

如何来解释这次疫情的规模和持续时间？什么因素导致病毒失控？哪些脆弱因素可能给这个世界带来类似，甚至更为糟糕的威胁事件？有哪些具体防备措施可以预防情况的发生？

 

Most agree that the lack of public health capacities and infrastructures created the greatest vulnerability.

 

大多数人都认为，公共卫生能力和基础设施的缺乏是这种极度脆弱性的根源。

 

The concept note, prepared by Nigeria to guide this session, documents the importance of regional arrangements. Strengthening these arrangements is a good place to start, especially when it improves vigilance and increases the surge capacity needed for a very rapid response.

 

尼日利亚为本次会议准备的引导性概念说明指出了区域性安排的重要性。对这些安排予以强化是一个良好开端。特别是这可增进人们的警惕性并且提高快速反应所需的激增能力。

 

Innovative regional and sub-regional initiatives have a critical role to play. WHO offers its full support, backed by provisions in the International Health Regulations.

 

创新性的区域和次区域行动具有重要作用。世卫组织有《国际卫生条例》作为后盾，可对此提供全面支持。

 

Decentralized international organizations like WHO, with its regional and country offices, and its networks of collaborating laboratories, provide strong platforms for coordinated technical support and capacity building.

 

像世卫组织这样的国际分权机构在国家和区域设有办事处并且具备合作实验室网络，这为技术支持协调和能力建设形成了强有力平台。

 

The African Union and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention are jointly establishing a Communicable Disease Control system that will help African nations be better prepared for outbreaks. The first step later this year will be the establishment of an African Surveillance and Response unit, which will include an emergency operations centre and workforce.

 

非洲联盟和美国疾控中心正在联合建立传染病控制系统，这会有助于非洲各国更好地做出疫情防备。今年晚些时候迈出的第一步就是设立非洲监测和应对部门，这包括一个应紧急行动中心和工作队。

 

This will help African nations to participate fully in the International Health Regulations. The IHR have been agreed by all nations and provide the bedrock for safeguarding security in the face of disease threats.

 

这将有助于非洲各国全面参与《国际卫生条例》。该条例已经得到了所有国家的认可，在疾病威胁面前成为维护安全的基石。

 

West African nations have dealt bravely and boldly with the outbreak, receiving magnificent support from across Africa. They have shown how the right kind of health care greatly increases the prospects that people with Ebola will survive. They have analyzed the health and social needs of around 13,000 survivors, who experience long-term complications ranging from tiredness and severe joint pains, to visual impairments that can lead to blindness.

 

西非国家大胆并且勇敢地处理了这次疫情，从整个非洲获得了大量支持。它们向世人表明，正确的医疗保健如何才能大大提高埃博拉患者的生存希望。它们对大约13000名幸存者的健康和社会需求作了分析，这些人员遇到了一些长期并发症，从疲劳感和严重关节疼痛，到可以导致失明的视力损害。

 

They have mounted a vaccine clinical trial in Guinea, and early results have been extremely encouraging. Public acceptance of the trial has been very good. We have learned the importance of listening to the concerns of communities and winning their trust and cooperation. We will continue the studies and mobilize funding for rapid deployment once the vaccine is approved by regulators

 

他们在几内亚组织开展了一种疫苗临床试验，初步结果十分令人鼓舞。公众对这次试验的接受性很好。我们意识到了倾听社区的关注并赢取其信任和合作的重要性。我们将继续开展研究并动员资金，一旦疫苗获得监管机构的批准就会作出快速部署。

 

As a contribution to Ebola’s legacy of preparedness, WHO is putting together a blueprint for the rapid development of new medical products for any future outbreak.

 

为利于在埃博拉防范方面留下遗产，世卫组织正在整理一份详细计划，当将来出现疫情时可以快速开发新型医疗用品。

 

Next month, WHO, the US CDC, and national counterparts will evaluate the performance of three rapid point-of-care diagnostic tests. If the results are good, this will be another important contribution to outbreak containment and preparedness for the future..

 

世卫组织、美国疾控中心和国家对口单位将在下个月对三种医疗点快速诊断检测法的使用情况进行评价。如果结果令人满意，这将是为末来疫情控制和防备作出的又一个重要贡献。

 

Right now, rapid screening of patients for high-risk procedures, such as those in maternity and surgical wards, helps restore confidence in the safety of health facilities for patients and health professionals alike. This is part of recovery.

 

当前，快速筛查接受高危检查的病人，比如住在妇产科和外科病房的病人，会有助于恢复病人和卫生专业人员对卫生机构安全性的信心。这是恢复工作的组成部分。

 

The Ebola outbreak in West Africa shocked the world out of its complacency about the infectious disease threat. We witnessed the decisive role of vigilance and readiness in countries that experienced an imported case. All responded to that case as an urgent national emergency and stopped onward transmission or held it to just a handful of cases.

 

这次西非埃博拉疫情因忽视传染病的威胁而震惊了世界。我们看到了存在输入性病例的国家保持警惕和处于准备状态所产生的决定性作用。所有国家都作为一项国家紧急突发状况对病例作了响应，阻止了后续传播或者将其控制在少数病例之内。

 

The world has learned from the Ebola experience. I am personally overseeing reforms in WHO that include the establishment of a global health emergency workforce, an operational platform that can shift into high gear quickly, performance benchmarks that show exactly what we mean by “high gear”, and the funding needed to make this happen.

 

这个世界从埃博拉中学到了经验。我本人在指导世卫组织做出变革，这包括建立一支全球卫生应急工作队，一个可以即刻转向高速运转的行动平台，具体显示我们所说的“高速运转”的绩效基准，以及完成这些工作所需要的资金。

 

Let me once again thank all Member States and the United Nations System for their consistent personnel, financial, logistical, and political support for this vital transformation.

 

我对各会员国在这一重要变革过程中不断提供的人员、资金、后勤和政治支持表示感谢。

 

Thank you.

 

谢谢大家。