李克强总理在第十届夏季达沃斯论坛开幕式上的致辞（中英对照）

女士们、先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

中国经济发展正处于新旧动能接续转换、经济转型升级的关键时期。我们将坚持发展第一要务，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，落实创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念，实行宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的总体思路，在适度扩大总需求的同时，坚定不移推进供给侧结构性改革，抓好去产能、去库存、去杠杆、降成本、补短板，推动发展从过度依赖自然资源转向更多依靠人力人才资源和创新驱动，使中国经济保持中高速增长、迈向中高端水平。

The Chinese economy is at a crucial stage of transition from old to new growth drivers and a stage of economic transformation and upgrading. We will focus on development as the top priority and promote steady progress as we pursue innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development. We will ensure that the government’s macro policies are stable, industrial policies are well-targeted, micro policies are flexible, reform policies are solid and social policies meet people’s basic needs. While appropriately expanding aggregate demand, we will steadfastly advance supply-side structural reform, concentrate on cutting overcapacity, reducing inventory, deleveraging, lowering costs and strengthening weak links, so that China’s development could be less reliant on natural resources and be more driven by human resources and innovation. This will enable the Chinese economy to maintain medium-high growth rates and move to medium-high development levels.

我们将以创新引领经济转型升级。创新是发展的第一动力，是供给侧结构性改革的重要内容。我们要深入实施创新驱动发展战略，加快建设创新型国家和世界科技强国，为经济转型升级提供强大支撑。

We will guide economic transformation and upgrading through innovation. Innovation is the primary driver of development and an important part of supply-side structural reform. We need to further implement the innovation-driven development strategy, and step up efforts to build an innovation-driven country and a strong country in science and technology, so as to provide robust support for economic transformation and upgrading.

加快发展新经济、培育新动能。我们将大力推进科技创新，着力突破重大关键核心技术，推进创新成果转化应用。着力推动大众创业、万众创新，进一步推进“互联网+”行动，广泛运用物联网、大数据、云计算等新一代信息技术，促进不同领域融合发展，催生更多的新产业、新业态、新模式，推出更加符合市场需要的新产品和新服务，打造众创、众包、众扶、众筹平台，汇聚各方力量加速创新进程，培育新的经济增长点。

We will accelerate the development of the new economy and cultivate new growth drivers. We will vigorously advance innovation in science and technology, work for breakthroughs in major, key technologies, and promote the commercialization of innovation results. We will also advocate mass entrepreneurship and innovation, further promote the “Internet+” strategy, extensively apply the new generation of information technologies such as the Internet of Things, big data and cloud computing. We will promote integrated development of different sectors and facilitate the emergence of more new industries, new forms of business and new business models. It is also necessary to roll out new products and services that better meet the needs of the market and build platforms for mass innovation, crowd sourcing, collective support and crowd funding. This way, we could pool strengths to accelerate innovation and cultivate new areas of economic growth.

加快改造提升传统动能。创新之新，不光是发展新经济，也包括对传统产业改造提升，使其不断焕发新的生机和活力。我们将深入实施《中国制造2025》，推进制造业信息化、智能化改造，围绕满足消费者多样化需求开展个性化定制、柔性化生产，加快生产、管理、营销模式变革，重塑产业链、供应链、价值链，提高中国制造综合竞争力。

We need to transform and upgrade traditional drivers of growth at a faster pace. Innovation is not only about developing the new economy. It is also about transforming and upgrading traditional industries to give them new vitality. We will implement the Made in China 2025 initiative to make manufacturing more IT-based and smarter. We will conduct custom-tailored and flexible production to meet consumers’ diverse needs. We will accelerate changes in models of production, management and marketing and create new industry chains, supply chains and value chains. This will make Chinese manufacturing more competitive.

我们倡导新发展理念，包括共享的理念，发展共享经济也是发展众创经济。经济全球化深入发展和互联网日益普及，为人民群众创业创新提供了广阔的平台和空间。我们将通过深入推动“双创”，把精英与草根、线上与线下、企业与科研院所的创新活动融合起来，以千千万万市场主体的“微行为”，汇聚成创新发展的“众力量”。充分利用互联网平台，高效率对接海量供需信息，推进科技研发、专业知识、工匠技能的合作共享。众创经济、共享经济人人可参与、人人可受益，有利于激发所有人的潜能，形成合理的收入分配格局，壮大中等收入群体，让更多人特别是青年人通过努力实现人生价值，促进社会公平正义。

The new vision of development that we advocate is also about developing a sharing economy. The sharing economy is one of mass participation. Greater economic globalization and the spread of the Internet have provided a big stage and broad space for entrepreneurship and innovation by the people. Through mass entrepreneurship and innovation, we will combine the innovation activities of the elites with the grassroots, the on-line with the off-line, and companies with research institutes, so that individual efforts of numerous market players will lead to greater synergy for innovation-driven development. If we could make full use of the Internet to efficiently match the massive amounts of information about supply with that about demand, we could then bring about cooperation among and sharing of R&D and professional expertise and skills. The sharing economy is something that everyone can take part in and benefit from. It could unleash everyone’s potential, facilitate reasonable income distribution, expand the middle income group, allow more people, in particular the young, to fulfill their dreams through hard work, and promote social equity and justice.

我们将以全面深化改革推动经济转型升级。我国过去30多年取得的巨大成就靠的是改革，破解制约发展的体制机制障碍、推动经济转型升级根本上也要靠改革。我们将坚定不移深化改革，更大程度激发市场活力和社会创造力。

We will enhance economic transformation and upgrading by comprehensively deepening reform. We have relied on reform for the remarkable achievements we made in the past 30-plus years. And fundamentally, we must rely on reform if we are to remove the institutional obstacles hindering development and advance economic transformation and upgrading. We will firmly deepen reform to unlock market vitality and social creativity to a greater extent.

积极推进结构性改革尤其是供给侧结构性改革。中国经济发展面临的结构性矛盾，供给和需求两侧都有，主要在供给侧。我们要用改革的办法推进结构调整，减少无效和低端供给，扩大有效和中高端供给。这既有利于经济转型，也有利于促进增长。其中很重要的就是淘汰落后产能、化解过剩产能。重点是抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能，这方面近几年已取得初步成效，原煤、粗钢产量减少，但还要继续加以推动，主要是通过运用市场化、法治化手段，严格环保、质量、安全等标准。去产能最大的难题是人往哪里去。企业要采取多种措施使职工转岗不下岗，中央和地方政府都要对职工分流安置给予必要支持。产能过剩是一个全球性问题，我们主动采取行动去产能，说明中国是负责任的国家。

We need to advance structural reform, in particular that on the supply side. The structural problems facing the Chinese economy are about both the supply and demand sides, especially the supply side. We need to advance structural adjustment through reform, reduce inefficient and low-end supply, and expand effective and medium- to high-end supply. This is conducive to economic transformation as well as growth. A major task for us is to phase out outdated production capacity and address overcapacity, especially in steel, coal and other sectors that face difficulty in operation. Initial progress has been made in recent years, as is shown in the lowering production of raw coal and crude steel, but our efforts must well continue. We will adopt a market-based and rules-based approach and apply strict standards in environmental protection, quality and safety. The biggest challenge is how to address possible layoffs in this process. Businesses need to take multiple measures to ensure that their employees will get reemployed. Both the central and local governments should provide necessary support to take care of the affected employees. Overcapacity is a global challenge. The fact that we have taken the initiative to cut overcapacity demonstrates that China is indeed a responsible country.

进一步推进简政放权、放管结合、优化服务改革。加快转变政府职能、提高效能，营造公平竞争的市场环境和激励创新的制度环境。坚持“简”字当头，把政府该放的权力放出去，能取消的尽量取消、尽可能直接放给市场和社会。同时，加强和创新市场监管。探索包容而有效的审慎监管方式，引导和支持新业态新模式健康发展。对有些符合发展方向但出现了这样或那样一些问题的，要及时予以引导和纠正，消除风险隐患，但也不能因噎废食，应使之有合理发展空间；对那些以创新之名行非法经营、欺诈诈骗之实的，要依法予以惩罚。严格保护知识产权。大力推行“互联网+政务服务”，搭建开放的政府公共服务平台，最大限度推进政府信息数据开放共享，便利群众和企业办事创业，提高政府服务效率。

We also need to further streamline administration, delegate power, strengthen regulation and improve services. We need to transform government functions more rapidly, improve efficiency, and ensure a level-playing field for all players and a pro-innovation institutional environment. We need to give priority to “simplicity” by taking away undue government powers and delegating them directly to the market and society wherever possible. At the same time, we need to strengthen and innovate in market oversight, explore inclusive and effective prudential regulation, and guide and support the healthy development of new business forms and models. For those players that follow the right direction but have encountered problems, we need to give them prompt guidance, fix the problems and remove potential risks. We need to give them reasonable space for development instead of rejecting them outright. As for those conducting illegal operations or fraud in the name of innovation, we will punish them to the full extent of the law. We need to strictly protect intellectual property rights. We also need to promote the “Internet plus government services” model, and set up an open platform of government public services, so that government data could be shared as much as possible. This will make it easier for individuals and companies to get things done and start up businesses, and it will enhance government efficiency.

协同推进财税、金融、投资等重点领域改革。我们已全面实施营改增，这是一次大规模的减税降负，有利于现代服务业和中小微企业创新发展。深化金融体制改革，加快完善现代金融监管体制，提高金融服务实体经济效率。我们还将深化国有企业、农村、投融资等领域的改革，推动社会诚信体系建设，释放经济发展的更大活力。民营经济是经济发展的重要力量，我们将进一步消除民营企业发展的各种障碍，取消不合理的市场准入限制，努力激活民间投资。

We will promote in a coordinated way reforms in the fiscal, taxation, finance, investment and other key areas. We have put in place a nation-wide reform to replace business tax with value-added tax. This major effort to cut taxes and lower the tax burden will facilitate the innovative development of modern service industry, SMEs and micro businesses. We will deepen the reform of the financial system, accelerate the improvement of the modern financial regulatory regime and increase the efficiency of financial services in supporting the real economy. We will also intensify reforms in SOEs, rural areas, investment and financing, foster a social credit system and unleash even greater vitality for economic development. The private sector is an important force driving economic development. We will do more to remove obstacles for private businesses, lift unreasonable restrictions on market access and strive to stimulate private investment.

我们将以开放助推经济转型升级。开放也是改革，而且会倒逼改革。中国无论发展到什么阶段，都需要与世界各国取长补短、互学互鉴，对外开放的大门会越开越大。我们将进一步提高开放型经济水平，扩大服务业和一般制造业开放，为外商提供更多投资机会，营造更加公平、透明、可预期的投资环境。只要是在中国注册的企业，无论是中资还是外资，无论是合资还是独资，我们都一视同仁，切实保障他们的合法权益，提供更好的公共服务。面对当前国际金融市场扑朔迷离的波动，我们将坚持以市场供求为基础、参考一篮子货币进行调节、有管理的浮动汇率制度。中国经济的基本面决定了人民币不存在长期贬值的基础，我们有能力保持人民币在合理均衡水平上的基本稳定。中国将坚定不移走和平发展道路，坚持互利共赢的开放战略，愿与各国一道共同推动包容平衡增长、绿色可持续发展。

We will transform and upgrade the economy through opening-up. Opening-up, being one kind of reform itself, will in turn spur reform efforts. No matter how developed China will become, it will always need mutual-learning with the rest of the world, and it will open still wider to the outside. We will enhance our open economy, open wider the service sector and general manufacturing sector, provide more investment opportunities to foreign businesses and foster a fairer, more transparent and predictable investment environment. All companies registered in China, Chinese-funded, foreign-funded, joint ventures or independently-owned, will be treated as equals. Their legitimate rights and interests will be protected, and they will have access to better public services. Facing the current complexities and fluctuations in the international financial markets, China will adhere to a managed, floating exchange rate regime based on market supply and demand with reference to a basket of currencies. The fundamentals of the Chinese economy determine that there is no basis for persistent depreciation of the RMB. We have the capacity to keep the RMB basically stable at an adaptive and equilibrium level. China is committed to peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening-up. We stand ready to work with all other countries to promote inclusive and balanced growth as well as green and sustainable development.

女士们，先生们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

天津是一个世界大港，从这里可以走向浩瀚的海洋。巨轮远航，需要持久强劲的动力。我们愿与世界各国一道，紧紧抓住新一轮科技和工业革命的机遇，共同打造经济增长新的发动机，推动世界经济在转型升级中实现稳定复苏，共创人类社会发展更加美好的明天！预祝本届论坛圆满成功！

Tianjin is a big port in the world, where people could start a voyage to sail to the vast ocean. For a giant ship to sail far, sustained and strong driving force is needed. China will work with other countries to seize the opportunities brought by the new round of technological and industrial revolution. Together, we will build new engines of economic growth, promote steady recovery of the world economy through transformation and upgrading, and jointly usher in a better future for the development of mankind. I wish this forum a full success.