习近平主席在二十国集团工商峰会开幕式上的主旨演讲（中英对照）

女士们、先生们、朋友们！

Ladies and Gentlemen,

Dear Friends,

改革开放38年过去，弹指一挥间。今天，随着中国经济体量的增大以及同世界的合作不断加深，中国经济走向受到外界关注。很多人都关心，中国经济能否实现持续稳定增长？中国能否把改革开放推进下去？中国能否避免陷入“中等收入陷阱”？

Thirty-eight years of reform and opening-up have unfolded rapidly. Today, as China’s economy grows in size and its cooperation with the world deepens, the prospect of China’s economy has drawn keen international attention. Many people wonder whether China can maintain sustainable and steady growth, whether China can continue its reform and opening-up, and whether China can avoid falling into the “middle income trap”.

行胜于言。中国用实际行动对这些问题作出了回答。今年年初，中国出台了国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要，围绕全面建成小康社会奋斗目标，针对发展不平衡、不协调、不可持续等突出问题，强调要牢固树立和坚决贯彻创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享的发展理念。

Actions speak louder than words. China has answered these questions with actions. Early this year, China drew up the outlines of the 13th five-year plan for economic and social development. These outlines call for implementing the vision of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development, addressing acute challenges of uneven, uncoordinated and unsustainable development, and ultimately achieving a moderately prosperous society in all respects.

今天的中国，已经站在新的历史起点上。这个新起点，就是中国全面深化改革、增加经济社会发展新动力的新起点，就是中国适应经济发展新常态、转变经济发展方式的新起点，就是中国同世界深度互动、向世界深度开放的新起点。我们有信心、有能力保持经济中高速增长，继续在实现自身发展的同时为世界带来更多发展机遇。

China has reached a new historical starting point. It is a new starting point for China to deepen reform across the board and foster new drivers of economic and social development. It is a new starting point for China to adapt its economy to a new normal and transform its growth model. It is a new starting point for China to further integrate itself into the world and open itself wider to the world. We have the confidence and ability to maintain medium-high rate of growth and deliver more development opportunities to the world while ensuring our own development.

——在新的起点上，我们将坚定不移全面深化改革，开拓更好发展前景。中国经济发展进入新常态，这是中国经济向形态更高级、分工更优化、结构更合理阶段演进的必经过程。要在新常态下保持经济中高速增长，必须依靠改革。因循守旧没有出路，畏缩不前坐失良机。中国改革的方向已经明确、不会动摇；中国改革的步伐将坚定向前、不会放慢。

– Proceeding from this new starting point, we will steadfastly deepen reform in an all-round way and open up brighter prospects of development. China’s economic development has entered a new normal, a stage it cannot bypass if China is to upgrade its economy and make it better structured. Reform is crucial to maintaining medium-high rate of growth under the new normal. Sticking to convention will get us nowhere. Fear to advance will only result in losing the opportunity. China’s goal of reform has been set and we will not deviate from it. China will take sure and firm steps in advancing reform and will not slow down its pace.

中国改革已经进入攻坚期和深水区，我们将以壮士断腕的勇气、凤凰涅槃的决心，敢于向积存多年的顽瘴痼疾开刀，敢于触及深层次利益关系和矛盾，把改革进行到底。我们将继续推进供给侧结构性改革，解决好当前经济发展中的主要矛盾，通过优化要素配置和调整产业结构提高供给体系质量和效率，激发市场活力，促进协调发展。我们将继续创新体制机制、突破利益固化藩篱，全面推进依法治国，更好发挥市场在资源配置中的决定性作用，更好发挥政府作用。

China’s reform has entered the deep water zone where tough challenges must be met. We have the resolve to make painful self-adjustments and tackle problems that have built up over many years, particularly underlying issues and entrenched interests and carry reform through to the end. We will continue to carry out supply-side structural reform, resolve major problems in economic development and improve the performance of the supply system by optimizing factors allocation and adjusting industrial structure. With these efforts, we can energize the market and achieve coordinated development. We will continue to explore new institutional mechanism, break through the resistance of vested interests, exercise law-based governance and better leverage both the decisive role of the market in resource allocation and the role of the government.

——在新的起点上，我们将坚定不移实施创新驱动发展战略，释放更强增长动力。抓住科技创新就抓住了发展的牛鼻子。我们清醒认识到，中国经济发展不少领域大而不强、大而不优，长期以来主要依靠资源、资本、劳动力等要素投入支撑经济增长和规模扩张的方式已不可持续，中国发展正面临着动力转换、方式转变、结构调整的繁重任务。建设创新型国家和世界科技强国，是中国发展的迫切要求和必由之路。

– Proceeding from the new starting point, we will pursue an innovation-driven development strategy to create stronger growth drivers. Scientific and technological innovation holds the key to development. We are keenly aware that many sectors of China’s economy are not strong or competitive enough despite their big sizes. Over the years, they have depended on input of resources, capital and labor force to achieve growth and expand scale. But this model is no longer sustainable. China now faces the challenging task of changing its growth drivers and growth model and adjusting its economic structure. To make China an innovative country and a leader in science and technology is what China must do now in pursuing development.

我们正在实施创新驱动发展战略，发挥创新第一动力的作用，努力实现从量的增长向质的提升转变。我们将推广发展理念、体制机制、商业模式等全方位、多层次、宽领域的大创新，在推动发展的内生动力和活力上来一个根本性转变。我们将力争在重大项目、重点方向率先突破，积极牵头实施国际大科学计划和大科学工程。我们将深入研究和解决经济和产业发展急需的科技问题，围绕促进转方式调结构、建设现代产业体系、培育战略性新兴产业、发展现代服务业等方面需求推动科技成果转移转化，推动产业和产品向价值链中高端跃升，塑造更多依靠创新驱动、更多发挥先发优势的引领性发展。

We are implementing the innovation-driven development strategy so as to leverage the role of innovation as the primary growth driver and make growth quality based rather than quantity based. We will promote all-dimensional, multi-tiered and wide-ranging changes in principles guiding development, institutional structures and business models so as to bring about a fundamental transformation of the forces driving development and create new impetus for it. We will strive to make breakthroughs in major projects and priority areas and take the lead in undertaking major international scientific programs and projects. We will conduct research on and resolve pressing scientific and technological issues holding back economic and industrial development. We will speed up the commercialization of R&D achievements to meet the need of shifting the growth model, adjusting economic structure, building a modern industrial system, fostering strategic emerging industries and developing a modern service industry. In short, we aim to move our industries and products up to the medium-high end of the value chain and create more innovation-driven growth areas with first-mover advantages that will lead development.

——在新的起点上，我们将坚定不移推动绿色发展，谋求更佳质量效益。我多次说过，绿水青山就是金山银山，保护环境就是保护生产力，改善环境就是发展生产力。这个朴素的道理正得到越来越多人们的认同。

– Proceeding from the new starting point, we will promote green development to achieve better economic performance. I have said for many times that green mountains and clear water are as good as mountains of gold and silver. To protect the environment is to protect productivity, and to improve the environment is to boost productivity. This simple fact is increasingly recognized by people.

我们将毫不动摇实施可持续发展战略，坚持绿色低碳循环发展，坚持节约资源和保护环境的基本国策。我们推动绿色发展，也是为了主动应对气候变化和产能过剩问题。今后5年，中国单位国内生产总值用水量、能耗、二氧化碳排放量将分别下降23%、15%、18%。我们要建设天蓝、地绿、水清的美丽中国，让老百姓在宜居的环境中享受生活，切实感受到经济发展带来的生态效益。

We will unwaveringly pursue a strategy of sustainable development and stay committed to green, low-carbon and circular development and China’s fundamental policy of conserving resources and protecting the environment. In promoting green development, we also aim to address climate change and overcapacity. In the next five years, China’s water and energy consumption as well as CO₂ emission per unit of GDP will be cut down by 23%, 15% and 18% respectively. We will make China a beautiful country with blue sky, green vegetation and clear rivers, so that the people will enjoy life in a livable environment and the ecological benefits created by economic development.

从2016年开始，我们正大力推进供给侧结构性改革，主动调节供求关系，要用5年时间再压减粗钢产能1亿至1.5亿吨，用3至5年时间再退出煤炭产能5亿吨左右、减量重组5亿吨左右。这是我们从自身长远发展出发，从去产能、调结构、稳增长出发，自主采取的行动。中国在去产能方面，力度最大，举措最实，说到就会做到。

Starting from 2016, we have been vigorously advancing supply-side structural reform and taking the initiative to adjust the relationship between supply and demand. We will cut down production capacity of crude steel by another 100 million to 150 million tons in the next five years, close more coal mines with production capacity of around 500 million tons and cut production capacity of around 500 million tons through coal mine restructuring in three to five years. This is an initiative that we are taking to cut excess capacity, adjust the economic structure and pursue steady growth so as to sustain long-term development. China has taken the most robust and solid measures in cutting excess capacity and we will honor our commitment with actions.

——在新的起点上，我们将坚定不移推进公平共享，增进更多民众福祉。民惟邦本，本固邦宁。坚持以人民为中心，就要扎扎实实体现在经济社会发展各方面各环节。

– Proceeding from the new starting point, we will promote equity and sharing of development outcomes to deliver more benefits to the people. The people are the foundation of a country and only when the people lead a good life can the country thrive. We need to be people-oriented, a principle that we should follow in everything we do in advancing economic and social development.

我们将顺应人民对美好生活的向往，不断提高人民生活质量和水平，健全公共服务体系，扩大中等收入者比重。特别是要加大对困难群众精准帮扶力度，在2020年前实现现行标准下5700多万农村贫困人口全部脱贫，贫困县全部摘帽。改革开放以来，中国使7亿多人摆脱贫困，占全球减贫人口的70%以上，为世界减贫事业作出了重大贡献。中国将继续为全球反贫困作出贡献。我们将更加注重公平公正，在做大发展蛋糕的同时分好蛋糕，从人民最关心最直接最现实的利益问题出发，让百姓有更多成就感和获得感。

We will meet the people’s aspirations for a better life, raise their living standards and the quality of their lives, improve the public services system and enlarge the middle-income group. In particular, we will provide stronger and more targeted support to those living in difficulty, so that the over 57 million poor rural population below the current poverty line will all be lifted out of poverty and poverty will be alleviated in all poor counties by 2020. Since the beginning of reform and opening-up, China has lifted more than 700 million people out of poverty which accounted for over 70% of the global population living in poverty, thus making significant contribution to poverty reduction worldwide. And we will continue to contribute to the global fight against poverty. With more attention paid to equity and fairness, we will make the pie bigger and ensure that people get a fair share of it. We will resolve the most pressing problems affecting the immediate interests of the people to their satisfaction.

——在新的起点上，我们将坚定不移扩大对外开放，实现更广互利共赢。奉行互利共赢的开放战略，不断创造更全面、更深入、更多元的对外开放格局，是中国的战略选择。中国对外开放不会停滞，更不会走回头路。

– Proceeding from the new starting point, we will open up wider to achieve greater mutual benefit and win-win outcomes. To pursue a win-win strategy of opening-up and open up China in a more comprehensive, profound and diversified way is a strategic choice of ours. China’s opening-up will not stall, still less will it reverse course.

我们将继续深入参与经济全球化进程，支持多边贸易体制。我们将加大放宽外商投资准入，提高便利化程度，促进公平开放竞争，全力营造优良营商环境。同时，我们将加快同有关国家商签自由贸易协定和投资协定，推进国内高标准自由贸易试验区建设。在有序开展人民币汇率市场化改革、逐步开放国内资本市场的同时，我们将继续推动人民币走出去，提高金融业国际化水平。

We will continue to be fully involved in economic globalization and support the multilateral trading regime. We will expand access for foreign investment, facilitate such investment to promote fair and open competition and create a sound business environment. We will also accelerate negotiation on FTAs and investment treaties with relevant countries and the development of high-standard pilot free trade zones in China. While carrying out market-based reform of the RMB exchange rate in an orderly manner and phasing in the opening of domestic capital market, we will continue efforts to make the RMB an international currency and further internationalize China’s financial sector.

中国的发展得益于国际社会，也愿为国际社会提供更多公共产品。我提出“一带一路”倡议，旨在同沿线各国分享中国发展机遇，实现共同繁荣。丝绸之路经济带一系列重点项目和经济走廊建设已经取得重要进展，21世纪海上丝绸之路建设正在同步推进。我们倡导创建的亚洲基础设施投资银行，已经开始在区域基础设施建设方面发挥积极作用。

China’s development has benefited from the international community, and we are ready to provide more public goods to the international community. I have proposed the initiative of building the Silk Road Economic Belt and the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road to share China’s development opportunities with countries along the Belt and Road and achieve common prosperity. Major progress has been made in launching key projects and building the economic corridors of the Silk Road Economic Belt, and the building of the 21st Century Maritime Silk Road is well underway. The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank initiated by China has already started its positive role in regional infrastructure development.

我想特别指出，中国倡导的新机制新倡议，不是为了另起炉灶，更不是为了针对谁，而是对现有国际机制的有益补充和完善，目标是实现合作共赢、共同发展。中国对外开放，不是要一家唱独角戏，而是要欢迎各方共同参与；不是要谋求势力范围，而是要支持各国共同发展；不是要营造自己的后花园，而是要建设各国共享的百花园。

Here, I wish to stress that the new mechanisms and initiatives launched by China are not intended to reinvent the wheels or target any other country. Rather, they aim to complement and improve the current international mechanisms to achieve win-win cooperation and common development. China’s opening drive is not a one-man show. Rather, it is an invitation open to all. It is a pursuit not to establish China’s own sphere of influence, but to support common development of all countries. It is meant to build not China’s own backyard garden, but a garden shared by all countries.

我们落实上述改革发展举措的决心是坚定的。这些举措已经初见成效。今年上半年，中国经济增长6.7%，产业升级和结构调整步伐加快，最终消费支出对国内生产总值的贡献率达到73.4%，第三产业增加值占到国内生产总值的54.1%，居民收入稳定增长，城镇新增就业717万人。可以相信，中国的发展前景一定会越来越好，对世界的贡献一定会越来越大！

We are firm in our resolve to implement the above-mentioned reform and development measures; and they have indeed worked. In the first half of this year, China’s GDP grew by 6.7%, its industrial upgrading and structural adjustment picked up pace, the final consumption expenditure contributed 73.4% to GDP, and the added value of the tertiary industry took up 54.1% of GDP. Household income grew steadily, and 7.17 million urban jobs were created. We have reasons to believe that China will embrace even better prospects and make still greater contribution to the world.