习近平主席在网络安全和信息化工作座谈会上的讲话（节选）

一些同志关于组建产学研用联盟的建议很好。比如，可以组建“互联网+”联盟、高端芯片联盟等，加强战略、技术、标准、市场等沟通协作，协同创新攻关。可以探索搞揭榜挂帅，把需要的关键核心技术项目张出榜来，英雄不论出处，谁有本事谁就揭榜。在这方面，既要发挥国有企业作用，也要发挥民营企业作用，也可以两方面联手来干。还可以探索更加紧密的资本型协作机制，成立核心技术研发投资公司，发挥龙头企业优势，带动中小企业发展，既解决上游企业技术推广应用问题，也解决下游企业“缺芯少魂”问题。

The suggestion that we should build alliances between companies, universities, research institutes, and users is a very good one. For example, we could form “Internet Plus” and high-end chip alliances in an effort to strengthen communication on strategies, technology, standards, and markets and promote collaborative innovation. We could look into a system whereby we solicit the key core technologies we need, and whoever has what it takes to make the breakthrough takes the lead, regardless of their background. In doing so, we would give play not only to the role of state-owned enterprises, but also private companies. Alternately, the two could join forces. In addition, we could also explore the formation of more tightly-knit capital-based collaboration mechanisms, establishing investment companies for the R&D of core technologies in order to give play to the strengths of leading companies while driving the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, thereby not only resolving the problem of technology promotion and application for upstream companies, but also addressing the lack of proprietary technologies in downstream companies.   

第四个问题，讲讲增强互联网企业使命感、责任感，共同促进互联网持续健康发展。

Fourth, I will talk about enhancing the sense of mission and responsibility of Internet companies and making joint efforts for the sustained and sound development of the Internet.

我国互联网企业由小到大、由弱变强，在稳增长、促就业、惠民生等方面发挥了重要作用。让企业持续健康发展，既是企业家奋斗的目标，也是国家发展的需要。企业命运与国家发展息息相关。脱离了国家支持、脱离了群众支持，脱离了为国家服务、为人民服务，企业难以做强做大。

As China’s Internet companies have grown in both size and strength, they have played an important role in promoting steady economic growth, creating jobs, and improving public well-being. The sustained and healthy development of companies is not only a goal that entrepreneurs strive towards; it is also essential for our country’s development. The future prospects of companies are closely linked to the development of the country. Businesses will struggle to thrive if they do not have the support of the country and people, or if they diverge from the principles of serving the country and people.

今年全国“两会”期间，我在参加全国政协十二届四次会议民建、工商联界委员联组会时强调，实行公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度，是中国共产党确立的一项大政方针，是中国特色社会主义制度的重要组成部分，也是完善社会主义市场经济体制的必然要求；我们党在坚持基本经济制度上的观点是明确的、一贯的，而且是不断深化的，从来没有动摇，这是不会变的，也是不能变的。我不仅讲了话，而且很快就把我的讲话公开发表了，这就是要让广大企业家吃个“定心丸”。

At a joint meeting of political advisors from the China National Democratic Construction Association and the All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce held during the Fourth Session of the 12th National Committee of the CPPCC earlier this year, I stressed that China’s basic economic system, whereby public ownership plays the dominant role and ownerships in other forms develop side by side, is a major political principle established by the CPC. It is an important component of the system of Chinese socialism, and a necessity for improving the socialist market economy. I also stressed that the CPC’s stance on upholding the basic economic system is clear, consistent, and constantly deepening, that it has never wavered, and that it will not and cannot change. Not only did I speak at the meeting, my speech was quickly made available to the public. The intention was to offer reassurance to our country’s many entrepreneurs. 

我们国家这么大、人口这么多，要把经济社会发展搞上去，需要各方面齐心协力干，公有制经济、非公有制经济应该相辅相成、相得益彰，而不是相互排斥、相互抵消。非公有制企业搞大了、搞好了、搞到世界上去了，为国家和人民作出更大贡献了，是国家的光荣。党和政府当然要支持，这一点是毫无疑义的。

In a country as large and as populous as ours, economic and social development is only possible with the concerted efforts of the many. The public and non-public sectors should support and complement one another, as opposed to mutually excluding and undermining each other. If our non-public enterprises get bigger, stronger, and go global, thereby making a bigger contribution to the country and people, it is something that the country should be proud of, and there is no doubt whatsoever that the CPC and government are behind this.    

在我国，7亿多人上互联网，肯定需要管理，而且这个管理是很复杂、很繁重的。企业要承担企业的责任，党和政府要承担党和政府的责任，哪一边都不能放弃自己的责任。网上信息管理，网站应负主体责任，政府行政管理部门要加强监管。主管部门、企业要建立密切协作协调的关系，避免过去经常出现的“一放就乱、一管就死”现象，走出一条齐抓共管、良性互动的新路。

China has more than 700 million Internet users, and this makes management not only necessary but also highly complex and challenging. Companies need to assume their responsibilities, and so do the CPC and government. No one side can shirk its responsibilities. Websites should assume the principal responsibility for the management of online information, while the administrative departments of the government should enhance their regulation. Competent authorities and companies should collaborate and coordinate closely with each other, so as to avoid the old problem of management being overly lax one moment and overly tight the next, and pave a new path of joint management and benign interaction.

第一，坚持鼓励支持和规范发展并行。企业直接面向市场，处在创新第一线，处在掌握民众需要第一线，市场感觉敏锐，创新需求敏感，创新愿望强烈。应该鼓励和支持企业成为研发主体、创新主体、产业主体，鼓励和支持企业布局前沿技术，推动核心技术自主创新，创造和把握更多机会，参与国际竞争，拓展海外发展空间。

First of all, we should support and encourage businesses whilst promoting regulated development.

Companies are oriented directly towards markets. Located on the front lines of innovation and consumer demand, they are highly sensitive to the market, perceptive of the need for innovation, and have a strong desire to innovate. We should support companies in becoming the principal actors in R&D, innovation, and industry, and support them in deploying cutting edge technologies, pursuing innovation in core technologies, creating and making use of all opportunities, engaging in global competition, and securing broader prospects for overseas development.

当前，我国互联网市场也存在一些恶性竞争、滥用市场支配地位等情况，中小企业对此意见不少。这方面，要规范市场秩序，鼓励进行良性竞争。这既有利于激发企业创新活力、提升竞争能力、扩大市场空间，又有利于平衡各方利益、维护国家利益、更好服务百姓。要加大知识产权保护力度，提高侵权代价和违法成本，震慑违法侵权行为。党的十八届四中全会提出健全以公平为核心原则的产权保护制度，加强对各种所有制经济组织和自然人财产权的保护，清理有违公平的法律法规条款。这些要求要尽快落实到位。

Today, problems such as cut-throat competition and the abuse of dominant market positions are present in China’s Internet market, and small and medium-sized enterprises have voiced much dissatisfaction over this. It is therefore important that we regulate the market and encourage benign competition. This will not only help enterprises to unleash their innovativeness, raise their competitiveness, and increase their market shares, but will also serve to balance the interests of various parties, safeguard national interests, and ensure that the public are better served. We need to step up our protection of intellectual property rights, raising the price of infringement and the cost of breaking the law in order to deter such acts. At the Fourth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee in 2014, we proposed improving a system for protecting property rights with fairness as the core principle, better protecting the property rights of natural persons and economic organizations of all types of ownership, and abolishing clauses in laws and regulations that go against the principle of fairness. These requirements need to be implemented as soon as possible.

第二，坚持政策引导和依法管理并举。政府要为企业发展营造良好环境，加快推进审批制度、融资制度、专利制度等改革，减少重复检测认证，施行优质优价政府采购制度，减轻企业负担，破除体制机制障碍。党的十八届三中全会以后，党中央成立了全面深化改革领导小组，我当组长，已经推出的很多改革方案都同这些方面有联系。改革要继续推进，也就是我说的要敢于啃硬骨头，敢于涉险滩、闯难关。

Secondly, we should combine policy guidance and law-based management.

To create an environment more favorable to business, the government must accelerate the reform of its review and approval, financing, and patent systems, cut the number of repeated checks and accreditations, implement a “higher-price-for-higher-quality” procurement system, lighten the financial burden on businesses, and dismantle institutional barriers. Following the Third Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee in 2013, the Central Committee established the Central Leading Group for Comprehensively Deepening Reform with me as the leader. Many of the reforms introduced by the group are linked with what I have just mentioned. It is essential that reform continues to move forward. This is what I meant when I said that we had to have the courage to tackle tough problems, brave treacherous waters, and surmount formidable obstacles.

同时，要加快网络立法进程，完善依法监管措施，化解网络风险。前段时间发生的e租宝、中晋系案件，打着“网络金融”旗号非法集资，给有关群众带来严重财产损失，社会影响十分恶劣。现在，网络诈骗案件越来越多，作案手段花样翻新，技术含量越来越高。这也提醒我们，在发展新技术新业务时，必须警惕风险蔓延。

At the same time, we need to accelerate the process of Internet legislation and refine law-based regulatory measures in order to defuse Internet-related risks. In the recent cases of Ezubao and Zhongjinxi, “Internet finance” was used as a ploy for the illegal raising of funds. This resulted in severe financial losses for many members of the public, having an extremely negative impact on our society. Cases of online fraud are currently on the rise. In addition to assuming various new forms, such scams are demonstrating increasingly high levels of technological sophistication. This is a reminder that we must be vigilant of the spread of risks as we are developing new technologies and new business.

要依法加强对大数据的管理。一些涉及国家利益、国家安全的数据，很多掌握在互联网企业手里，企业要保证这些数据安全。企业要重视数据安全。如果企业在数据保护和安全上出了问题，对自己的信誉也会产生不利影响。

We need to lawfully strengthen the management of big data. Internet companies are in possession of data that has a bearing on our national interests and security, and they must guarantee the security of this data. Companies should view data security as a matter of great importance. If companies run into problems in data protection and security, their reputations may suffer as a result.

第三，坚持经济效益和社会效益并重。一个企业既有经济责任、法律责任，也有社会责任、道德责任。企业做得越大，社会责任、道德责任就越大，公众对企业这方面的要求也就越高。我国互联网企业在发展过程中，承担了很多社会责任，这一点要给予充分肯定，希望继续发扬光大。

Thirdly, we need to lay emphasis on both economic and social effects.

In addition to economic and legal responsibilities, a business also carries social and moral responsibilities. The bigger a company is, the larger its social and moral responsibilities become, and the more the public will expect of it in this regard. China’s Internet companies have assumed many social responsibilities as they have developed, and this needs to be acknowledged. I hope this can be kept up. 

“行生于己，名生于人。”我说过，只有富有爱心的财富才是真正有意义的财富，只有积极承担社会责任的企业才是最有竞争力和生命力的企业。办网站的不能一味追求点击率，开网店的要防范假冒伪劣，做社交平台的不能成为谣言扩散器，做搜索的不能仅以给钱的多少作为排位的标准。希望广大互联网企业坚持经济效益和社会效益统一，在自身发展的同时，饮水思源，回报社会，造福人民。

Our actions shape the way that others see us. As I have said before, the most genuine kind of wealth is that which is steeped in love and care, and the most competitive and vibrant companies are those that actively assume their social responsibilities. Websites should not regard visitor numbers as their only goal; online stores should be on guard against counterfeit and shoddy goods; social media platforms should not become rumor-churning machines; and search engines should not determine the order of search results based on the amount of money that people pay. I hope that Internet companies will strike a balance between economic and social considerations, and that they can remember their roots, give back to society, and benefit the people as they grow.