（三）2013年预算收支情况 3. Budgetary revenue and
expenditures in 2013
1、公共财政预算。 (1) Public finance budgets
2013年上半年我国经济下行压力较大，财政收入增速下滑，低于年初预算预计的增幅；下半年经济企稳回升，财政收入特别是税收收入增速回升，加上一些一次性增收因素，全年财政收入比年初预算略有超收。全国财政收入129142.9亿元，比2012年（下同）增长10.1%。加上从中央预算稳定调节基金调入1000亿元，地方财政调入资金149.74亿元，使用的收入总量为130292.64亿元。全国财政支出139744.26亿元，增长10.9%。加上补充中央预算稳定调节基金1164.38亿元，以及地方政府债券还本支出1384亿元，支出总量为142292.64亿元。全国财政收支总量相抵，差额12000亿元。
There being considerable downward
pressure on our economy in the first half of 2013, the growth in government
revenue slowed, falling short of the figure forecasted at the beginning of the
year. As the economic situation improved in the second half of the year, the
increase of revenue and in particular tax revenue picked up. That, coupled with
some one-time factors contributing to revenue increases, raised revenue for the
year slightly above the figure budgeted in early 2013. National revenue totaled
12.91429 trillion yuan, an increase of 10.1% over 2012 (as below). Adding the
100 billion yuan from the Central Budget Stabilization Fund and 14.974 billion
yuan from local government finances, utilized revenue totaled 13.029264
trillion yuan. National expenditure amounted to 13.974426 trillion yuan, up
10.9%. Including the 116.438 billion yuan used to replenish the Central Budget
Stabilization Fund and the 138.4 billion yuan used to repay the principal on
local government bonds, expenditure totaled 14.229264 trillion yuan. Total
national expenditure therefore exceeded total national revenue by 1.2 trillion
yuan.
中央财政收入60173.77亿元，为预算的100.2%，增长7.1%。加上从中央预算稳定调节基金调入1000亿元，使用的收入总量为61173.77亿元。中央财政支出68509.39亿元，完成预算的98.5%，增长6.8%（其中，中央本级支出20471.75亿元，增长9.1%，完成预算的101.3%，主要是执行中压减补助地方的零散项目，将部分原列中央对地方转移支付的基建投资、用车辆购置税安排的支出，调整用于增加铁路投资等，相应增列中央本级支出）。加上补充中央预算稳定调节基金1164.38亿元，支出总量为69673.77亿元。收支总量相抵，中央财政赤字8500亿元，与预算持平。2013年末中央财政国债余额86750.46亿元，控制在年度预算限额91208.35亿元以内。中央预算稳定调节基金余额为1483.08亿元。
Central government revenue
amounted to 6.017377 trillion yuan, 100.2% of the budgeted figure and an
increase of 7.1%. Adding the 100 billion yuan contributed by the Central Budget
Stabilization Fund, total revenue used by the central government came to
6.117377 trillion yuan. Central government expenditure amounted to 6.850939
trillion yuan, 98.5% of the budgeted figure and an increase of 6.8%. (This includes
2.047175 trillion yuan in central government spending, a rise of 9.1% year on
year and 101.3% of the budgeted figure. This was mainly because we reduced the
subsidies for miscellaneous local projects during execution of the budget and
part of the central government transfer payments to local governments for
capital construction investment and sales tax revenue on motor vehicles were
reallocated for increased investment in railways, with a corresponding increase
of expenditure at the central level.) Adding the 116.438 billion yuan used to
replenish the Central Budget Stabilization Fund, central government expenditure
totaled 6.967377 trillion yuan. Total expenditure of the central government
exceeded total revenue, leaving a deficit of 850 billion yuan, the same as the
budgeted figure. The outstanding balance on government bonds in the central
budget was 8.675046 trillion yuan at the end of 2013, which was kept within the
budgeted limit of 9.120835 trillion yuan for the year. The Central Budget
Stabilization Fund had a balance of 148.308 billion yuan.
地方本级收入68969.13亿元，增长12.9%。加上中央对地方税收返还和转移支付收入48037.64亿元，地方财政调入资金149.74亿元，地方财政收入总量为117156.51亿元。地方财政支出119272.51亿元，增长11.3%，加上地方政府债券还本支出1384亿元，支出总量为120656.51亿元。收支总量相抵，差额3500亿元。
The revenue of local governments
came to 6.896913 trillion yuan, an increase of 12.9%. Adding the 4.803764
trillion yuan in tax rebates and transfer payments from the central government
to local governments, plus the 14.974 billion yuan transferred to the central
government from local governments, local government revenue totaled 11.715651
trillion yuan. Local government expenditure amounted to 11.927251 trillion
yuan, up 11.3%. Adding the 138.4 billion yuan used to repay the principal on
local government bonds, local government expenditure totaled 12.065651 trillion
yuan. Total expenditure of local governments exceeded total revenue by 350
billion yuan.
2013年中央预算收支执行具体情况如下：
The following is specific details
of the central budget in 2013:
（1）主要收入项目执行情况。国内增值税20527.92亿元，为预算的98%。国内消费税8230.27亿元，为预算的96.3%。进口货物增值税、消费税14003.34亿元，为预算的88.2%，下降了5.4%；关税2630.29亿元，为预算的88.6%，下降了5.5%，进口税收低于预算，主要是进口增长低于预期以及高税率商品进口减少、大宗商品价格走低。企业所得税14443.1亿元，为预算的110.1%，主要是企业利润增幅高于预期，以及清缴以前年度税款等一次性因素。个人所得税3918.84亿元，为预算的102.7%。出口货物退增值税、消费税10514.89亿元，为预算的94.6%。非税收入3540.05亿元，为预算的128.5%。
1) Main revenue items
Domestic VAT revenue was 2.052792
trillion yuan, 98% of the budgeted figure. Domestic excise tax revenue was
823.027 billion yuan, 96.3% of the budgeted figure. Revenue from VAT and excise
tax on imports amounted to 1.400334 trillion yuan, 88.2% of the budgeted
figure, a decline of 5.4%; and revenue from customs duties came to 263.029
billion yuan, 88.6% of the budgeted figure, a decline of 5.5%. Revenue from
import taxes fell short of budget largely because growth in imports was lower
than forecasted and imports of high-duty goods decreased, and because the
prices of bulk commodities dropped. Corporate income tax revenue was 1.44431
trillion yuan, 110.1% of the budgeted figure. This was mainly due to the bigger
than expected increases in corporate profits as well as collection of taxes
overdue from previous years and other one-time factors. Individual income tax
revenue was 391.884 billion yuan, 102.7% of the budgeted figure. VAT and excise
tax rebates on exports came to 1.051489 trillion yuan, 94.6% of the budgeted
figure, and non-tax revenue totaled 354.005 billion yuan, 128.5% of the
budgeted figure.
2013年中央财政收入比预算超收113.77亿元。主要是车辆购置税超收，按照专款专用的规定相应增加公路建设支出。
Central government revenue
exceeded the budgeted figure by 11.377 billion yuan in 2013. This was mainly
because of the surplus sales tax revenue on motor vehicles, which was used to
increase spending on highway construction as required by the regulations on
using designated funds for their intended purposes.
（2）主要支出项目执行情况。2013年前几个月中央财政收入增幅明显回落，经报党中央、国务院批准，预算执行中压减了部分中央本级支出，同时结合规范转移支付制度压减了中央对地方专项转移支付。相应地，部分支出执行数低于预算安排数。
2) Main expenditure items
The growth in the central
government revenue slowed significantly in the first few months of 2013. With
the approval of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, we reduced
some central government expenditure during the execution of the budget; at the
same time, we reduced special transfer payments to local governments in the
course of standardizing the transfer payments system. Accordingly, actual
figures for some spending were lower than their budgeted figures.
农林水事务支出6005.4亿元，完成预算的96.9%，增长0.2%，主要是2012年预算执行中通过调整支出结构一次性增加了重大水利工程、农田水利设施建设、小型病险水库和中小河流治理等方面的投入，基数较高。落实农业补贴政策，推进种粮大户补贴试点，开展农机报废更新补贴试点。支持改造中低产田、建设高标准农田2795.4万亩。继续推进小型农田水利重点县建设。支持北方地区规模化发展高效节水灌溉，开展东北四省区“节水增粮行动”。在639个县实施草原生态保护补助奖励机制，覆盖了全国80%以上的草原。开展财政支持农民专业合作组织发展创新试点和新型农业生产社会化服务体系建设试点。促进农业科技成果转化，基层农技推广体系改革示范县项目覆盖到所有的农业县（市、区、场）。进一步加大财政专项扶贫资金投入，新增部分主要用于连片特困地区。全面推进村级公益事业建设一事一议财政奖补工作，农村综合改革示范试点和国有农场办社会职能改革试点进展顺利。
Expenditure on agriculture,
forestry, and water conservancy came to 600.54 billion yuan, 96.9% of the
budgeted figure and an increase of 0.2%. This small increase was mainly due to
the large base figure for 2012. A one-time additional investment was made while
adjusting the spending structure during the execution of the 2012 budget in
efforts to build major water conservancy projects and irrigation and water
conservancy facilities, reinforce small reservoirs, and clean up and improve
the flood defenses of small and medium-sized rivers. We implemented
agricultural subsidy policies, moved ahead with trials to subsidize major grain
growers, and granted subsidies for scrapping and replacing agricultural
machinery on a trial basis. We supported upgrading of 1.86 million hectares of
low and medium-yield crop land to high-yield standards. We continued to improve
small irrigation and water conservancy facilities in key counties. We supported
the large-scale development of highly-efficient water saving irrigation in the
north, and launched a campaign to save water and increase grain output in
Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces and Inner Mongolia. We implemented
the mechanism for subsidizing and rewarding grassland ecological conservation
in 639 counties, covering over 80% of grasslands in China. We carried out
trials of giving financial support for development of and innovations by
specialized farmer cooperatives and pilot projects for developing a new system
whereby various sectors of society provide services for agricultural
production. We promoted the application of scientific and technological
advances in agriculture, and extended to all farming counties (county-level
cities, districts and farms) the project of demonstrating the reform of the
system for spreading agricultural technology at county level. We further
increased special funds for poverty relief efforts and spent the additional
funds mainly in contiguous areas with acute difficulties. We comprehensively
implemented the government award and subsidy system for village-level public
works projects, the launching of which was determined by villagers through
deliberation. The demonstrations and trials on comprehensive rural reform and
the pilot reform to relieve state-owned farms of public responsibility
progressed smoothly.
社会保障和就业支出6571.75亿元，完成预算的100.3%，增长14.2%。将企业退休人员基本养老金水平提高10%，月人均达到1900元左右。对中央财政补助地区分别按月人均15元和12元增加城乡低保补助资金。提高优抚对象等人员抚恤和生活补助标准，扎实做好自然灾害生活救助、流浪乞讨人员救助、孤儿基本生活保障等工作。实施大学生就业促进计划，对城乡低保家庭的高校毕业生求职给予补贴，增加小额担保贷款贴息资金。
Spending on social security and
employment was 657.175 billion yuan, 100.3% of the budgeted figure and an
increase of 14.2%. Basic pensions for enterprise retirees were raised by 10%,
with average monthly benefits reaching around 1,900 yuan per person. We
increased subsistence allowances for urban and rural recipients living in areas
that receive central government subsidies by an average of 15 yuan and 12 yuan,
respectively, per person per month. We raised subsidies and living allowances
for entitled groups, helped victims of natural disasters rebuild their lives,
provided assistance to the homeless and beggars, and ensured basic living
conditions for orphans. We implemented a scheme to help college graduates find
employment, provided subsidies to job-seeking university graduates from rural
and urban families living on subsistence allowances, and increased subsidies to
help pay interest on small guaranteed loans.
医疗卫生支出2588.12亿元，完成预算的99.4%，增长26.4%。新型农村合作医疗和城镇居民基本医疗保险财政补助标准提高到每人每年280元。大部分省份出台了城乡居民大病保险制度实施方案。基本公共卫生服务经费标准提高到每人每年30元，继续支持实施重大公共卫生服务项目。稳步推进县级公立医院综合改革试点和基层医疗卫生机构综合改革，开展基层医疗卫生机构全科医生特岗计划试点。推进疾病应急救助制度建设。
Spending on medical and health
care amounted to 258.812 billion yuan, 99.4% of the budgeted figure and a 26.4%
increase. We raised government subsidies for the new rural cooperative medical
care system and basic medical insurance for nonworking urban residents to 280
yuan per person per year. Most provincial-level administrative areas unveiled
plans to introduce serious illness insurance for their rural and nonworking
urban residents. We increased the standard of funding for basic public health
services to 30 yuan per person per year, and continued to support major public
health service projects. We made steady progress in the pilot reform of county-level
public hospitals and the comprehensive reform of community medical and health
care centers, and launched a pilot program for posting general practitioners in
such institutions. We moved ahead with developing a system for providing
assistance in dealing with medical emergencies.
教育支出3883.91亿元，完成预算的94%，增长2.7%，主要是据实结算的学生资助补助经费减少，以及高中教育债务纳入地方政府债务管理或由地方政府安排资金解决，相应减少了中央化债补助资金。以奖补方式鼓励社会力量举办学前教育，大力支持中西部农村地区幼儿园建设。提高义务教育经费保障水平，全国1.2亿名农村义务教育阶段学生全部享受免学杂费和免费教科书政策，中西部地区1260万名家庭经济困难寄宿生享受生活费补助政策，一些薄弱学校生活设施和办学条件进一步改善。农村义务教育阶段学生营养改善计划惠及3200万名贫困地区学生。支持1394万名农民工随迁子女在城市接受义务教育。支持750个职业教育实训基地、706所中等职业教育改革发展示范校和60所国家示范性高职院校建设。支持实施“985工程”和“2011计划”，推动研究生教育综合改革。进一步健全了涵盖各教育阶段的国家资助政策，约8400万名学龄前儿童和学生受益。
Spending on education was 388.319
billion yuan, 94% of the budgeted figure and an increase of 2.7%. Spending came
out short of the budget mainly because student financial aid and subsidies
executed according to the actual numbers of students were less than the
budgeted figure; also, local government debts arising from providing senior
high school education were either managed as local government debt or repaid by
local governments, and thus there was a corresponding decline in central
government subsidies to help them with these debts. We introduced incentives to
encourage nongovernmental sectors to provide preschool education, and gave huge
support for the development of rural kindergartens in the central and western
regions. We raised the level of funding for compulsory education: the country’s
120 million rural students receiving compulsory education were all exempted
from paying tuition and other associated fees and were supplied with free
textbooks; 12.6 million boarding students from poor families in the central and
western regions received living allowances; and living and teaching facilities
in some weak schools were further improved. The plan for improving the
nutrition of rural students in compulsory education schools brought benefit to
32 million students in poverty-stricken regions. We helped 13.94 million
children of rural migrant workers to receive compulsory education in their
adopted cities. We supported development of 750 vocational training centers,
706 demonstration secondary vocational schools for education reform and
development, and 60 state-level demonstration vocational colleges. We supported
the implementation of Project 985 and the 2011 Plan and pushed forward the
comprehensive reform of postgraduate education. We further improved government
financial aid policies for all stages of education, benefiting roughly 84
million preschool children and students.
科学技术支出2460.59亿元，完成预算的97.3%，增长7.4%。支持国家科技重大专项核心技术突破、优势资源集成和技术平台建设，促进重大战略产品开发和重大示范工程建设。加大对国家科技计划、自然科学基金等的投入，重点支持基础研究、社会公益研究、前沿技术研究和关键共性技术研究。提高了科研机构基本运行经费保障水平。扩大公益性行业科研专项的支持范围。深入实施科技创新工程。
Spending on science and
technology came to 246.059 billion yuan, 97.3% of the budgeted figure and an
increase of 7.4%. We supported efforts to make core technology breakthroughs,
bring together the best resources, and build technological platforms for major
state science and technology programs. We gave impetus to the development of
major strategic products and the construction of important demonstration
projects. More investment went into state science and technology programs and
the National Natural Science Foundation of China, with the focus of our support
on basic research, research for public benefit, and research on cutting-edge technology
and key generic technology. We increased funding for basic operating expenses
of research institutes, extended the scope of our support for research projects
in public service industries, and moved science and technology innovation
projects forward.
文化体育与传媒支出531.55亿元，完成预算的98.3%，增长7.5%。支持实施重点文化惠民工程，稳步推进博物馆等公益性文化设施向社会免费开放。按照每个行政村1万元的标准支持开展村级基层群众文化活动。支持实施平安故宫工程等重点项目。加强海外中国文化中心建设和重点媒体国际传播能力建设。
Expenditures on culture, sports
and the media were 53.155 billion yuan, 98.3% of the budgeted figure and an
increase of 7.5%.We supported implementation of key cultural programs
beneficial to the people, and achieved steady progress in opening museums and
other public cultural facilities for free admission. We provided 10,000 yuan to
every administrative village in support of their cultural activities. We
rendered our support to key projects including the project to secure the
Imperial Palace. Greater efforts were put into developing Chinese cultural
centers overseas and building international broadcasting capabilities of key
media.
住房保障支出2320.94亿元，完成预算的104.1%，下降10.8%，主要是保障性安居工程建设任务比上年减少。城镇保障性安居工程住房基本建成544万套、新开工666万套，在部分地区开展了保障性安居工程预算绩效综合评价试点。支持完成266万户农村危房改造任务，进一步提高了贫困地区的中央补助标准。
Spending on guaranteeing housing
totaled 232.094 billion yuan, 104.1% of the budgeted figure and a reduction of
10.8%. This was mainly because there were fewer construction tasks of
government-subsidized housing than the previous year. Last year, 5.44 million
units of urban government-subsidized housing were completed and construction on
another 6.66 million units began. Trials were carried out for assessing the
overall performance of the budgets for government-subsidized housing projects
in some areas. We supported the renovation of rundown houses for 2.66 million
rural households, and raised the amount of central government subsidies to the
poor regions.
节能环保支出1803.9亿元，完成预算的85.8%，下降9.7%，主要是部分节能产品补贴政策到期后不再执行。支持重点地区开展大气污染防治工作。安排奖励资金支持淘汰落后产能。支持重点节能工程建设，扩大节能减排财政政策综合示范的范围。北方采暖区完成既有居住建筑节能改造2亿平方米。支持开展重金属污染综合防治试点。支持开展城市废弃物无害化处理和循环利用。启动无电地区金太阳示范工程，支持页岩气资源规模化开发利用。继续推进天然林资源保护和退耕还林等工程。鼓励使用高效节能产品，支持推广1.6升及以下节能环保汽车和新能源汽车。
Spending on energy conservation
and environmental protection came to 180.39 billion yuan, 85.8% of the budgeted
figure and a reduction of 9.7%. This is primarily because some subsidy policies
for promoting the use of energy-efficient products were no longer being
implemented once they ended. We supported the prevention and control of air
pollution in key regions. Incentive funds have been put in place to support the
closedown of outdated production facilities. Support was provided to the
construction of key energy saving projects, and we extended to more areas the
comprehensive demonstrations for energy conservation and emissions reduction
based on integrating financial policies. Work on improving the energy
efficiency of 200 million square meters of residential buildings with central
heating has been completed in northern China. We supported the trials on the
comprehensive prevention and control of heavy metal contamination as well as
the efforts to safely dispose, recycle and reuse urban waste. The Golden Sun
Demonstration Project to support solar power was launched in areas without
electricity, and support has been given to the large-scale development and use
of shale gas resources. We continued to move forward with the projects such as
those to protect virgin forests and turn cultivated land back to forests. We
encouraged the use of energy efficient products and helped to promote
energy-efficient, environmentally friendly motor vehicles with engine
displacement of 1.6 liters or less, as well as vehicles powered by new energy
sources.
交通运输支出4138.5亿元，完成预算的104.1%，增长4.2%。粮油物资储备事务支出1266.38亿元，完成预算的102.4%，增长27.9%。国防支出7201.97亿元，完成预算的100%，增长10.7%。公共安全支出1934.34亿元，完成预算的95.3%，增长2.9%。一般公共服务支出1381.54亿元，完成预算的102.3%，增长3.9%。
Expenditure on transportation
totaled 413.85 billion yuan, 104.1% of the budgeted figure and an increase of
4.2%. Expenditure on stockpiling grain, edible oils, and other materials needed
for production and daily life came to 126.638 billion yuan, 102.4% of the
budgeted figure and up 27.9%. National defense spending was 720.197 billion
yuan, 100% of the budgeted figure and a 10.7% increase. Spending on public
security amounted to 193.434 billion yuan, 95.3% of the budgeted figure and up
2.9%. Expenditure on general public services was 138.154 billion yuan, 102.3%
of the budgeted figure and an increase of 3.9%.
（3）中央对地方税收返还和转移支付执行情况。中央对地方税收返还和转移支付48037.64亿元，完成预算的98.3%，增长5.9%。其中：一般性转移支付24370.91亿元，专项转移支付18609.83亿元。一般性转移支付占全部转移支付的56.7%，比2012年提高3.4个百分点。
3) Central government tax rebates
and transfer payments to local governments
Central government tax rebates
and transfer payments to local governments totaled 4.803764 trillion yuan,
98.3% of the budgeted figure and an increase of 5.9%. This sum includes
2.437091 trillion yuan in general transfer payments and 1.860983 trillion yuan
in special transfer payments. General transfer payments made up 56.7% of total
transfer payments, 3.4 percentage points higher than 2012. |
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