国家人权行动计划（2016—2020年）（中英对照）

（四）老年人权利

(4) Rights of the elderly

弘扬敬老养老助老社会风尚，实施老龄互助关爱工程，构建人口老龄化应对体系，切实维护老年人合法权益。

The social value to respect, provide for and help the elderly shall be carried forward, and mutual care projects for the elderly shall be undertaken. A mechanism to address population ageing shall be developed to effectively protect the legal rights and interests of elderly people.

——全面建成以居家为基础、社区为依托、机构为补充，功能完善、规模适度、覆盖城乡、医养结合的养老服务体系。全面放开养老服务市场，通过购买服务、股权合作等方式支持各类市场主体增加养老服务和产品供给。到2020年，养老服务设施覆盖90%以上城镇社区和60%以上农村社区。

– An old-age service system, which is based on individual families, backed by the communities, supplemented by different institutions, boasts a more complete range of functions, is of an appropriate scale, covers both urban and rural areas and combines medical treatment with endowment care, shall be established. The old-age service market shall be open fully, and various market players shall be encouraged to increase the provision of old-age services and products by multiple means such as buying services and equity cooperation. By 2020, the old-age service facilities shall appear in over 90 percent of urban communities and 60 percent of rural communities.

——健全防治结合、多元发展的老年医疗卫生服务体系，提高老年人健康服务可及性和老年人健康管理率。

– A system of old-age medical care service combining prevention with treatment and boasting diversified development shall be improved. The accessibility of health care services to the elderly and their health management rate shall be improved.

——建立完善老年人监护制度。

– A guardianship system for the elderly shall be set up and improved.

——加强老年人优待工作，完善老年人社会福利制度和救助制度。全面建立针对经济困难高龄、失能老年人的补贴制度。

– Preferential treatment for the elderly shall be strengthened, and the social welfare system and assistance system geared toward the elderly shall be improved. A subsidy system for the elderly advanced in age, in straitened circumstances, and incapacitated shall be put in full shape.

——建立健全老年宜居环境政策法规和标准规范体系。继续提高新建公共设施和涉老设施无障碍率，推进老年宜居环境建设。

– Policies, regulations and normative standards in relation to livable environment for elderly people shall be established and improved. Continuous efforts shall be made to increase the barrier-free rate in newly-built public facilities and facilities geared toward elderly people, and press forward with the development of an environment friendly to the elderly people.

——推进服务老年人的公共文化设施建设。继续扩大公共文化机构向老年人免费开放项目，增加老年人公共文化产品供给。

– Efforts shall be made to forge ahead with the construction of public cultural facilities for the elderly, and encourage public cultural institutions to make more free programs available to elderly people and to increase the supply of public cultural products to this group.

——加强社区养老服务设施与社区体育设施的功能衔接。支持社区利用公共服务设施和社会场所组织开展适合老年人的体育健身活动。

– Efforts shall be made to integrate the functions of community old-age service facilities with those of sports facilities, encouraging communities to organize physical activities appropriate for the elderly by using public service facilities and other venues.

——大力支持老年社会组织发展。进一步扩大基层老年协会在城乡社区的覆盖率，提高老年人参与社会发展的意愿与程度

– Greater encouragement shall be given to the development of social organizations for elderly people, the coverage of grassroots elderly people’ s associations shall be further expanded in urban and rural communities, and their will and level of participation in social development shall be enhanced. 

（五）残疾人权利

(5) Rights of the disabled

健全残疾人权益保障制度，提高残疾人社会保障和基本公共服务水平，促进残疾人平等参与社会生活，保障所有残疾人的人权。

The system of the protection of the rights and interests of the disabled shall be improved, the level of social security and basic public services for the disabled shall be raised, and efforts shall be made to bring them more opportunities to participate in social life on an equal footing and protect their human rights.

——全面实施困难残疾人生活补贴和重度残疾人护理补贴制度。符合条件的残疾人家庭以及生活困难靠家庭供养且无法单独立户的成年无业重度残疾人按规定纳入最低生活保障。逐步扩大基本医疗保险支付的医疗康复项目范围。建立残疾儿童康复救助制度。有条件的地方可以为贫困、重度残疾人基本型辅助器具配置给予补贴。优先保障残疾人基本住房。实现残疾人基本民生兜底保障。

– A system shall be fully implemented to provide living allowances to financially-challenged disabled people and nursing allowances to the severely disabled population. Families with disabled members that meet certain requirements, and the jobless and severely disabled adults who rely on their families for support are eligible for subsistence allowances. More medical rehabilitation services shall be brought into the scope of basic medical insurance. A system shall be established to provide rehabilitation and assistance to disabled children. Places where the conditions permit shall subsidize the financially-challenged and severely disabled people in their purchase of basic assistance devices. The basic housing needs of the disabled shall be first guaranteed. Break-even security shall be offered for the basic livelihood of the disabled.

——开展残疾人康复服务。制定实施《残疾预防和残疾人康复条例》。为残疾人提供基本康复服务，以残疾儿童和持证残疾人为重点，实施精准康复服务。加强省、市、县级残疾人专业康复机构建设，支持二级综合医院转型建立以康复医疗为主的综合医院或康复医院，建立医疗机构与残疾人专业康复机构双向转诊制度。广泛开展残疾人社区康复。建设康复大学，培养康复专业技术人才。

– The state shall carry out rehabilitation services for the disabled. It shall promulgate and put into force the Regulations on Disability Prevention and Rehabilitation. Basic and targeted rehabilitation services shall be provided to the disabled, with the focus on disabled children and the identified disabled population. The development of professional rehabilitation institutions at provincial, city and county levels shall be improved. The state shall support second-grade general hospitals in their efforts to transform themselves into general hospitals mainly focusing on rehabilitation treatment or specialized rehabilitation hospitals. A two-way referral system shall be set up between medical institutions and specialized rehabilitation institutions for the disabled. Community-based rehabilitation services for the disabled shall be extensively carried out. The state shall build rehabilitation colleges to train professional rehabilitation personnel.

——推进精神障碍患者社区康复服务。到2020年，基本实现每个地级市拥有1所精神卫生社会福利机构,70%以上的县(市、区)设有精神障碍社区康复机构或通过政府购买服务等方式委托社会组织开展康复工作。

– Community-based rehabilitation services shall be promoted for mental patients. By 2020, there will be one mental health social welfare center at each prefecture-level city, over 70 percent of counties (cities and districts) will have a community-based rehabilitation institution for mental disorders or entrust social organizations to carry out rehabilitation services through services purchased by the government.

——提升残疾人受教育水平。完善特殊教育学校布局，健全随班就读支持保障体系，努力为残疾儿童提供全纳教育，提供包括义务教育和高中阶段教育在内的12年免费教育，建立为不能到校学习的重度残疾儿童送教上门服务的制度。

– The education level of the disabled shall be raised. Improvement shall be made of the planning and distribution of special education schools, as well as the support system that enables children with disabilities to study in regular classes, so as to provide inclusive education for them, i.e., 12-year free education covering nine-year compulsory education and three-year high-school education. A system shall be established in which home teaching is offered to severely disabled children.

——完善残疾人就业创业扶持政策，健全公共机构为残疾人提供就业岗位制度。加大对残疾人自主创业、灵活就业、辅助性就业、网络就业的政策扶持力度。加强残疾人就业培训与服务，为中西部地区50万名农村贫困残疾人提供实用技术培训，实现城镇新增50万残疾人就业。

– Policies to support the disabled to find jobs and startup businesses shall be improved, so shall the system of providing jobs for the disabled by public institutions. Policy support shall be strengthened to the disabled in starting up their own businesses, or getting jobs in flexible ways, getting supported employment or getting Internet-based employment. Efforts shall be intensified to strengthen employment training and services for the disabled, providing practical technical training to 500,000 impoverished disabled people in the rural areas of central and western China, and ensuring that an additional 500,000 disabled people get employed in the urban areas.

——加强残疾人文化权益保障。增加在公共文化场所配备适合残疾人使用的文化娱乐器材。有条件的公共图书馆全部设置盲人阅览区域或阅览室。鼓励盲用读物和残疾人题材图书出版。实施《国家手语和盲文规范化行动计划（2015－2020年）》。

– Protection of cultural rights and interests of the disabled shall be strengthened. Efforts shall be made to beef up investment in cultural and entertainment equipment appropriate for the disabled in the public cultural centers. Public libraries where conditions permit shall all have reading areas or reading rooms for the disabled. The publication of reading materials for the visually handicapped and books about the disabled people shall be encouraged. The National Sign Language and Braille Standardization Action Plan (2015-2020) shall be implemented.

——全面推进无障碍环境建设。确保新（改、扩）建道路、建筑物和居住区配套建设无障碍设施，推进已建设施无障碍改造。加强政府和公共服务机构网站无障碍改造，推动食品药品信息识别无障碍和影视节目加配字幕、手语，促进电信业务经营者、电子商务企业等为残疾人提供信息无障碍服务。进一步完善残疾人驾车服务措施。加大贫困重度残疾人家庭无障碍改造工作力度。

– All-round endeavor shall be made in the building of barrier-free environments for the disabled. Barrier-free facilities shall be constructed on newly-built (renovated or expanded) roads, and in buildings and residential districts, or be added to existing facilities. Renovation shall be carried out to make barrier-free facilities available in the websites of government and public service agencies, make food and drug information identifiable without obstruction, add subtitles or sign language to movies and TV programs, and urge telecommunication service operators and e-commerce enterprises to provide barrier-free information to the disabled. Measures shall be taken to improve the driving experience of the disabled. In addition, efforts shall be stepped up to carry out renovation of barrier-free facilities for impoverished families with members suffering from severe disabilities.

——完善残疾人获得法律援助、法律服务和司法救助制度。严厉打击侵犯残疾人合法权益的违法犯罪行为。畅通残疾人群体的利益表达渠道。

– The system by which the disabled get legal aid and services and judicial relief shall be improved. Illegal or criminal activities encroaching upon their legitimate rights and interests shall be seriously dealt with. Channels through which the disabled make their voices heard about their rights and interests shall be smoothed out.