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Conference on the Illegal Wildlife Trade Declaration
打击非法野生动物交易伦敦宣言
1. We, the representatives of
Governments and Regional Economic Integration Organisations*, gathered in
London on 13th February 2014, recognising the significant scale and detrimental
economic, social and environmental consequences of the illegal trade in wildlife,
make the following political commitment and call upon the international
community to act together to bring this to an end.
1、作为政府和区域经济一体化的代表，我们于2014年2月13日在伦敦召开会议，承认非法野生动物交易的规模巨大并且对经济、社会和环境造成了严重的后果并在此呼吁国际社会一起行动起来取缔非法野生动物交易。
The
scale and consequences of the illegal trade in wildlife 非法野生动物交易的规模和后果
2. There is a serious threat to
the survival of many species if action is not taken to tackle the illegal
wildlife trade. Poaching and trafficking undermines the rule of law and good
governance, and encourages corruption. It is an organised and widespread
criminal activity, involving transnational networks. The proceeds are in some
cases used to support other criminal activities, and have been linked to armed
groups engaged in internal and cross border conflicts. Rangers and others
dedicated to protecting wildlife are being killed or injured in significant
numbers.
2、如果不采取行动打击非法野生动物交易，将对许多物种的生存带来严重的威胁。偷猎和非法贩运不仅破坏法律、扰乱秩序而且滋生腐败。这是一种有组织的且范围广阔的犯罪行为，涉及多个跨国界犯罪网络。这些非法所得有时被用来支持其他形式的犯罪活动并落入挑起境内和跨境冲突的武装组织手中。这些犯罪行为造成大量从事野生动物保护工作的园区管理员和其他人员的伤亡。
3. The illegal wildlife trade,
and the poaching which feeds it, has in some places reached unprecedented
levels. Serious poaching incidents are more frequent, are occurring in areas
previously safe from such activity, and are more devastating in scale. Individual
poachers or ad hoc gangs are being increasingly replaced by well-resourced and
organised groups including transnational criminal networks.
3、非法野生动物交易以及为其提供货源的偷猎行为在某些地区已经达到前所未有的程度。一些恶性偷猎案件频频出现在原来非常安全的地区且破坏程度惊人。个人和临时拼凑的团伙偷猎者正不断被装备精良的犯罪组织所代替，其中还包括一些跨国犯罪网络。
4. The illegal wildlife trade
robs States and communities of their natural capital and cultural heritage,
with serious economic and social consequences. It undermines the livelihoods of
natural resource dependent communities. It damages the health of the ecosystems
they depend on, undermining sustainable economic development. The criminal
activity and corruption associated with trafficking restricts the potential for
sustainable investment and development which is needed in new economic
activities and enterprises.
4、非法野生动物交易从一些国家和社会的手中抢走了他们的自然资本和文化遗产，造成严重的经济和社会后果。这种行为破坏了这些人群赖以生存的自然资源、生态平衡和可持续性的经济发展。这种犯罪行为和非法交易相关的腐败现象抑制了可持续性投资和发展的潜力，而这正是新的经济活动和企业成长所必须的条件。
5. Decisive and urgent action is
now needed to tackle the illegal wildlife trade in endangered fauna and flora.
For many species, the illegal trade, and the poaching which fuels it, is an
ongoing and growing problem. There has been a particularly dramatic escalation
in the rate of poaching of elephants and rhinoceroses in some places in recent
years. The severe threat posed to these iconic species is increasingly also a
threat to regional security and sustainable development. Action to tackle the
illegal trade in elephants and rhinoceroses will strengthen our effectiveness
in tackling the illegal trade in other endangered species. Such action will
also support the sustainable utilisation of resources.
5、现在需要紧急采取决定性的行动，来打击非法的野生濒危动植物交易。对于许多物种来说，这种非法交易和为其提供货源的偷猎行为正不断地成为一个巨大的问题。最近几年，偷猎大象和犀牛的行为在一些地区越演越烈。对这些珍稀物种所构成的严重威胁正不断演变成对区域安全和可持续性发展的威胁。打击非法交易大象和犀牛的行动将提高我们应对其他濒危物种非法交易的能力。这种行动还将对可持续性利用资源起到作用。
Building
on the existing international framework for action 以现有的国际行动框架体系为基础
6. “The Future We Want”, adopted
at Rio+20 and endorsed by consensus of the UN General Assembly, “recognised the
economic, social and environmental impacts of illicit trafficking in wildlife,
where firm and strengthened action needs to be taken on both the supply and
demand sides” and also recognised the “important role of CITES, an
intergovernmental agreement that stands at the intersection between trade, the
environment and development”.
6、里约+20峰会通过了《我想要的未来》议案并在联合国大会上共同签署了该项议案。它 “认识到非法贩运野生动物对经济、社会和环境造成的冲击，因此需要在供应和需求双方面采取强有力的行动”，同时还认识到“《濒危野生动植物国际贸易公约》这项涉及到贸易、环境和发展的政府间协议的重要性”。
7. We welcome the attention being
given to this issue through the United Nations system, including in the
Security Council and the General Assembly, which demonstrates the wider
security, economic, social and development implications of the illegal wildlife
trade; and further welcome the UN General Assembly decision to proclaim 3 March
as World Wildlife Day reaffirming the intrinsic value of wildlife and its
various contributions – including ecological, genetic, social, economic,
scientific, educational, cultural, recreational and aesthetic – to sustainable
development and human well-being.
7、我们欢迎在联合国系统内部包括安理会和联大对这个问题给予的重视。这意味着非法野生动物交易对安全、经济、社会和发展产生了更加广泛的影响；因此更加支持联合国大会将三月三日定为“世界野生动物日”的决定，并再次肯定了野生动物的内在价值和诸多贡献——包括生态、基因、社会、经济、科技、教育、文化、娱乐和美学——确保可持续性发展和人类的幸福。
8. We welcome the actions taken
under the Convention on International
Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), and in
particular the Decisions relating to
elephants, rhinoceroses and big cats adopted at previous meetings of the
Conferences of the Parties. We recommit ourselves to the full and effective
implementation of relevant CITES Resolutions and Decisions and to making
further efforts to eradicate the illegal wildlife trade within the CITES
framework.
8、我们对依据《濒危野生动植物国际贸易公约》所采取的行动，尤其是在前几次缔约方会议上通过的关于大象、犀牛和大型猫科动物的决策表示欢迎。我们再次承诺全面和有效地执行此《公约》相关的决议和决策并努力根除《公约》框架内的非法野生动物交易。
9. We welcome the important
action already being taken by Governments and others at local, national,
regional and global level. Commitments to combat the illegal wildlife trade in
particular species have been made in a number of other meetings, and we stress
the urgent need for their full implementation. We note the particular
importance of: The African Elephant
Action Plan and the urgent measures endorsed at the African Elephant Summit
in Gaborone; The St Petersburg Tiger
Declaration on Tiger Conservation; the Global
Tiger Recovery Programme and the Thimpu
Nine Point Action Agenda; The Bishkek
Declaration on the Conservation of the Snow Leopard and, those listed in Annex A.
9、我们对政府和其他人员在地方、国家、区域和全球范围内所采取的重要行动表示欢迎。在其他许多会议上我们已经多次做出过打击非法野生动物交易的承诺，并且强调过急需全面履行承诺。我们注意到以下几项内容的重要性：“非洲象行动计划”与“嘉伯隆里非洲象高峰会”上签署的紧急措施；“圣彼得堡老虎保护宣言”；“全球性老虎恢复计划”和“廷布九点行动纲领”；“比什凯克雪豹保护宣言”以及附件A中列出的项目。
10. The illegal wildlife trade
has many inter-related dimensions, and can only be effectively tackled with the
involvement of Ministries and agencies beyond the wildlife conservation sector.
Action needs to be taken at all points in the illegal supply chain in source,
transit and destination countries. International cooperation is essential, with
full engagement by Governments in relevant bilateral, regional and
international mechanisms.
10、非法野生动物交易错综复杂并且只有依靠非法野生动物保护领域以外的机构和部门共同参与才能有效地解决非法交易问题。应采取全方位的行动切断野生动物源头、中转和目标国家之间的非法供应链条。政府全面参与相关的双边、地区和国际机制对国际合作至关重要。
11. Effective international co-operation
demands the active participation of partners that support Governments in
different sectors, in particular: the United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime;
INTERPOL; the World Customs Organization; the World Bank; and the Convention on International Trade in
Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (which together comprise the International Consortium on Combatting
Wildlife Crime); the UN Commission on Crime Prevention and Criminal
Justice; the UN Convention against
Transnational Organized Crime and the
UN Convention against Corruption; the United Nations Environment Programme;
the United Nations Development Programme; the African Development Bank; the
Asian Development Bank; the International Union for the Conservation of Nature
and regional Wildlife Enforcement Networks. We recognise the efforts made and
urge all these entities, and all States who participate in them, to make the
eradication of the illegal wildlife trade a priority.
11、有效的国际合作需要合作伙伴的积极参与，他们为各级政府提供支持，尤其是：联合国毒品与犯罪办公室；国际刑警组织；世界海关组织；世界银行；和《濒危野生动植物国际贸易公约》（包括打击野生动植物犯罪国际联盟）；联合国预防犯罪和刑事司法委员会；《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》和《联合国反腐败公约》；联合国环境规划署；联合国开发计划署；非洲发展银行；亚洲发展银行；国际自然保护联盟和野生动物执法网络。我们对所付出的努力表示认可并敦促各参与组织和国家把根除非法野生动物交易作为首要任务。
12. We recognise the importance
of engaging communities living with wildlife as active partners in
conservation, by reducing human-wildlife
conflict and supporting community efforts to advance their rights and capacity
to manage and benefit from wildlife and their habitats.
12、我们认可将与野生动物生活在一起的社会群体作为动物保护积极合作者的重要性，通过减少人类与野生动物之间的冲突，支持社会群体努力推进权利，同时提高能力以管理野生动物以及从它们的栖息地获得收益。
13. We recognise the important
role that non-governmental organisations, academic institutions and the private
sector can play in actions against the illegal wildlife trade.
13、我们认可非政府组织、研究所和私人机构在打击非法野生动物交易行动中所扮演的重要角色。
14. To this end we, the
Governments and Regional Economic Integration Organisations represented in
London, commit ourselves and call upon the international community to providing
the political leadership and practical support needed to take the following
essential actions.
14、为此，我们作为政府组织和区域经济一体化组织出席伦敦会议的代表，承诺并呼吁国际社会发挥政治领导能力并为采取以下重要行动提供实际支持。 |
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