Actions 行动
A.
Eradicating the market for illegal wildlife products A．取缔非法野生动物产品交易市场
15. The economic, social, and
environmental impacts of the illegal wildlife trade can only be effectively
tackled if we eradicate both the demand and supply sides for illegal products
wherever in the world this occurs. To this end, we commit ourselves and call
upon the international community to take the following action, to:
15、我们只有清除世界上非法产品的供应和需求两个环节，才能有效地解决非法野生动物交易对经济社会和环境所带来的冲击。为了达到这个目的，我们承诺并呼吁国际社会采取以下行动：
I. Support, and where appropriate
undertake, effectively targeted actions to eradicate demand and supply for
illegal wildlife products, including but not limited to, raising awareness and
changing behaviour. Government support is important to ensure demand and supply
side reduction efforts are implemented on the scale and in the time-frame
needed to have a meaningful impact. Governments should work in partnership with
relevant stakeholders, including civil society, sectoral experts and key
influencers, including business. Actions should be scientific and clearly
evidence based, building on research into users’ values and behaviour, and form
part of coherent demand and supply side reduction strategies.
I．支持并适当采取有效的定向行动，从而根除对非法野生动物产品的供应和需求，
包括但不限于增强意识和改变行为。政府的支持是非常重要的，这样才能确保在规定时间内和一定程度上为减少供应和需求所付出的努力能产生积极的影响。政府应该和利益相关者包括民间团体、行业专家和有重要影响力的人如企业人事紧密合作。行动要有科学性和足够的证据，还要研究使用者的行为和价值观并且将其作为减少供应和需求战略的重要组成部分。
II. Endorse the action of
Governments which have destroyed seized wildlife products being traded
illegally; and encourage those Governments that have stockpiles of illegal
products, particularly of high value items such as rhino horn or elephant
ivory, to destroy them and to carry out policy research on measures which will
benefit conservation. Independent audits, or other means of ensuring
transparent management, should be carried out prior to destruction.
II．支持政府销毁被没收的非法野生动物产品的行动；鼓励那些拥有非法产品尤其是高价值产品如犀牛角或象牙库存的政府销毁这些产品并开展有利于动物保护措施的政策研究。独立审查或者其他确保透明管理的工作应在销毁工作开始之前进行。
III. Renounce, as part of any
Government procurement or related activity, the use of products from species threatened
with extinction, except for the purposes of bona fide scientific research, law
enforcement, public education and other non-commercial purposes in line with
national approaches and legislation.
III．政府宣布放弃采购或在相关活动中使用濒危物种制品。除非是出于善意的科学研究、执法、公众教育以及其他符合国家政策和法律的目的。
IV. Take measures to ensure that
the private sector acts responsibly, to source legally any wildlife products
used within their sectors; and urge the private sector to adopt zero tolerance
policies on corporate gifting or accepting of species threatened with extinction
or products made from them.
IV．为了在私人企业中合法地寻找到所用野生动物制品的来源，应采取措施在私人企业中建立负责任的行为规范；并敦促私人企业对待企业赠送或接受濒危物种或者其制品采取零容忍的态度。
V. Recognising the authority of
the CITES Conference of the Parties, support the existing provisions of CITES
prohibiting commercial international trade in elephant ivory until the CITES
Conference of the Parties determines, informed by scientific analysis, that the
survival of elephants in the wild is no longer threatened by poaching.
V．承认缔约方会议中签署的《濒危野生动植物国际贸易公约》的权威性，并支持现有《公约》中的禁止商业性象牙国际贸易条款直到
《公约》的缔约方获得科学的分析数据，确定野生大象的生存已不再受到偷猎行为的威胁为止。
VI. Welcome the action already
underway and urge those Governments that allow trade in legally acquired
endangered wildlife products to implement measures, including labelling and
wider traceability measures, to ensure that this trade does not allow any
illegal wildlife products to enter these markets.
VI．对正在采取的行动表示欢迎并敦促那些允许买卖从合法途径获取的濒危野生动物制品的政府采取措施，包括添加标记和更加广泛的可追溯性措施，以确保在这种交易中杜绝非法野生动物制品流入到这些市场中。
VII. Minimise speculation in
endangered wildlife products by opposing the use of misleading, exaggerated or
inaccurate information, where this could stimulate poaching, trafficking or
demand.
VII．通过杜绝使用能够刺激偷猎、非法贩运或需求的误导性、夸张或不准确的信息，把濒危野生动物制品的投机行为减少到最低水平。
B.
Ensuring Effective Legal Frameworks and Deterrents B．确保有效的法律框架机制和震慑作用
16. To curb the illegal wildlife
trade it is important to ensure that the criminals involved, in particular
those ‘kingpins’ who control the trade, are prosecuted and penalised to provide
an effective deterrent. To this end, we commit ourselves, and call upon the
international community, to take the following action, to:
16、为了遏制非法野生动物交易，确保涉案分子尤其是那些控制交易的“核心人物”受到审判和惩罚并借此起到震慑作用是非常重要的。为了达到这个目的，我们承诺并呼吁国际社会采取以下行动：
VIII. Address the problem of the
illegal wildlife trade by adopting or amending legislation, as necessary, to
criminalise poaching and wildlife trafficking, and related crimes including by
ensuring such criminal offences are “serious crimes” within the UN Convention against Transnational
Organized Crime, as called for in Resolution
2013/40 of the United Nations Economic and Social Council, and by making
maximum use of the UNTOC to
facilitate international cooperation in appropriate cases. For criminal
offences relating to poaching and illicit trafficking, the UNTOC is a valuable tool that can serve as the basis of
international cooperation, including extradition and mutual legal assistance,
where the offense is transnational in nature, involves an organised criminal
group, and is punishable by a maximum deprivation of liberty of at least four
years. We urge all States to become parties to, and implement, the UN Conventions against Transnational
Organized Crime, and ensure that their domestic offences involving wildlife
trafficking fall within the definition of “serious crime” in Article 2 of the Convention.
VIII．解决非法野生动物交易问题可以通过必要的立法或修改法律，使偷猎和贩卖野生动物和相关违法行为承担刑事责任来解决，包括响应“联合国经济与社会委员会”第2013/40决议的号召，把《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》范围内的这些犯罪行为定成“重罪”，并在适当情况下充分利用该《公约》来促进国际合作。对于打击与偷猎和非法贩卖相关的刑事犯罪来说，该《公约》是一个重要的手段，如果犯罪行为具有跨国性质包括有组织的集团犯罪以及至少可以处以四年以上徒刑的犯罪，《公约》可以作为国际合作的基础包括引渡和司法互助。我们敦促所有国家成为缔约方并履行《联合国打击跨国有组织犯罪公约》，确保其境内涉及野生动物非法贩卖的犯罪行为
依据《公约》第二条规定被定为“重罪”。
IX. Address the serious problem
of corruption and money-laundering facilitating wildlife trafficking and
related offences by adopting or amending legislation, as necessary,
criminalising corruption and bribery facilitating poaching, wildlife
trafficking, and related offences, and to institute measures to establish and
promote effective practices aimed at the prevention of corruption and detection
of money-laundering, particularly in cases involving wildlife trafficking. We
urge all governments to become parties to, and implement, the UN Convention against Corruption, which
can be a valuable tool to prevent corruption and foster international
cooperation in corruption cases, including extradition, mutual legal assistance
and asset recovery.
IX．通过必要的立法或修改法律
，使有利于偷猎、野生动物非法贩运的贪污受贿和相关的犯罪行为承担法律责任，这样可以解决刺激野生动物非法贩运的严重腐败、洗钱和相关犯罪问题，并且采取措施，制定并推广针对预防腐败和调查洗钱案件尤其是涉及野生动物非法贩运案件的有效应对方法。我们敦促所有国家成为缔约方并履行《联合国反腐败公约》，它是预防腐败并促进在处理腐败案件中的国际合作的重要手段，包括引渡、司法互助和财产追回。
X. Strengthen the legal framework
and facilitate law enforcement to combat the illegal wildlife trade and assist
prosecution and the imposition of penalties that are an effective deterrent. As
part of this, support the use of the full range of existing legislation and law
enforcement deployed against other forms of organised crime. This should
include, but not be limited to, the enforcement of legislation on money
laundering, tax offences and asset recovery, corruption and illicit trafficking
in other commodities such as narcotic drugs and firearms. Effective
multidisciplinary enforcement should be used to ensure effective investigations
and prosecutions, and to secure sentences that act as an effective deterrent.
X．通过加强法律体系建设并促进执法来打击非法野生动物交易并协助起诉和定罪，这将起到有效的震慑作用。支持全面利用现有打击其他形式的有组织犯罪的法律和执法体系是其中的组成部分。这些现有法律涉及的范围包括但并不仅限于洗钱、偷税和财产追回、腐败和非法贩运其他商品如毒品和武器。利用高效的跨行业执法可以确保有效的调查和起诉，同时确保量刑具有威慑作用。
XI. Strengthen the ability to
achieve successful prosecutions and deterrent sanctions by raising awareness in
the judicial sector about the seriousness, impact and potential profits of
wildlife crime. Dedicated training and increased capacity building are
essential tools to achieve this goal.
XI．加强成功起诉和严厉处罚的方法是提高司法部门对野生动物犯罪严重性、影响力和潜在利润的认识。专项培训工作和加强能力建设是完成这个目标的重要手段。
XII. Adopt a zero tolerance
policy on corruption associated with the illegal wildlife trade, recognising
with great concern that corruption is an important factor facilitating the
criminal activities associated with the illegal wildlife trade.
XII．对涉及非法野生动物交易的腐败现象采取零容忍态度并深刻地认识到腐败是诱发非法野生动物犯罪行为的重要因素。 |
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