2015年后发展议程中方立场文件（中英对照）

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英文版：China’s Position Paper on the Post-2015 Development Agenda.doc 

2015年后发展议程中方立场文件

China’s Position Paper on the Post-2015 Development Agenda

 

一、前言

I. Preface

 

2000年联合国千年首脑会议通过《千年宣言》，据此制定的千年发展目标成为国际社会最全面、权威、系统的发展目标体系。15年来，全球落实千年发展目标取得积极进展，已实现或基本实现减贫、提供安全饮用水、男女平等接受初级教育、抗击疟疾、改善贫民窟居住条件等目标。同时，各国在卫生、环境等领域仍面临严峻挑战，不同地区落实千年发展目标进度不一，全球发展伙伴关系有待进一步加强。为此，各国应继续展示政治意愿，并采取切实行动，为推动全球发展作出贡献。

 

The United Nations will hold a Summit during its 70th General Assembly this September to review the progress of the MDGs and adopt the Post-2015 Development Agenda, which will guide international development cooperation for the next 15 years. The Chinese government attaches great importance to the Summit and hopes that the event will demonstrate the strategic vision of the leaders, the solidarity of all parties, and their commitment to address global development issues through cooperation. We look forward to practical outcomes in the following areas:

 

联合国将于今年9月举行发展峰会，评估千年发展目标进展，并通过2015年后发展议程，指导今后15年国际发展合作。中国政府高度重视发展峰会，希望峰会充分展示各国领导人面向未来15年的战略远见，体现各方致力于解决发展难题的团结合作，期待在以下几个方面取得积极务实成果：一是凝聚政治共识，用新型发展观指导全球发展方向，解决发展不平衡、不协调的问题，处理好经济发展、社会公平和环境保护的关系。二是推动构建全面、均衡的国际发展合作架构，完善全球发展伙伴关系，为2015年后发展议程的有效落实提供保障。三是推动南北合作，加强南南合作，为发展中国家创造更好条件，营造更好环境，实现共同发展。

 

The United Nations will hold a Summit during its 70th General Assembly this September to review the progress of the MDGs and adopt the Post-2015 Development Agenda, which will guide international development cooperation for the next 15 years. The Chinese government attaches great importance to the Summit and hopes that the event will demonstrate the strategic vision of the leaders, the solidarity of all parties, and their commitment to address global development issues through cooperation. We look forward to practical outcomes in the following areas:

 

(i) to build political consensus and adopt a new development approach to promote global development, address the problem of uneven and uncoordinated development and strike a balance between economic development, social justice and environmental protection.

 

(ii) to build a comprehensive and balanced framework for international development cooperation and strengthen global development partnership to ensure effective implementation of the Post-2015 Development Agenda.

 

(iii) to promote North-South cooperation and strengthen South-South cooperation, thus creating better conditions and environment for developing countries to achieve common development objectives.

 

二、总体原则

II. Guiding Principles

 

2015年后发展议程是对千年发展目标的继承和升级。国际社会应在总结千年发展目标经验基础上，携手制定一个公平、包容、可持续的2015年后发展议程。政府间谈判进程应遵循以下原则：

 

Given that the Post-2015 Development Agenda is intended to continue and build upon the successes of the MDGs, the international community should take stock of its experience during the MDGs era and work together to draw up a fair, inclusive, and sustainable set of shared development aspirations. The following principles should thus be observed during this inter-governmental process:

 

——聚焦核心议题。重点解决贫困、饥饿、卫生等涉及发展中国家人民基本生存的问题。在此基础上，有效因应气候变化、能源资源安全、经济增长乏力等新挑战，实现可持续发展。

 

– Focus on the key issues. It is essential to put emphasis on issues such as poverty, hunger and public sanitation, which are crucial to basic subsistence of people in developing countries. Effective measures should also be taken to tackle climate change, energy and resource security, weak economic growth, and other new emerging challenges that could impede sustainable development.

 

——发展模式多样化。尊重各国不同国情、发展水平和发展阶段，支持各国自主选择适合本国的发展政策、发展模式和发展道路。

 

– Respect diversity in development models. It is important to recognize the different national realities and the level of development among countries and support their choice of development strategies, models, and paths most suited to their respective conditions.

 

——“共同但有区别的责任”原则。将实现发展作为各国共同努力的目标，同时根据各国不同能力，以各自方式实现发展并参与全球发展合作。

 

– Adhere to the principle of “common but differentiated responsibilities”. Countries need to make development their common objective, and – based on their capabilities – achieve their own development and participate in global development cooperation in their own ways.

 

——合作共赢。摒弃零和思维，树立利益共同体意识，以合作取代对抗，以共赢取代独占，求同存异，在共同发展中寻求各方利益的最大公约数。

 

– Seek win-win cooperation. It is important to abandon the zero-sum mentality, foster a sense of community of shared interests, replace confrontation and monopolization with win-win cooperation, seek a common ground while acknowledging differences, and look for the biggest common denominator in pursuit of global development.

 

——平等协商。本着公正、民主、透明的精神，推动各国平等参与国际发展规则制定，提升发展中国家代表性和发言权。

 

– Carry out consultation on an equal footing. Countries should take an equal part in international development rule-making in a just, democratic, and transparent manner, and increase the voice and representation of developing countries are increased.

 

三、重点领域和优先方向

III. Key Themes and Priorities

 

（一）消除贫困和饥饿，促进经济增长。消除贫困事关各国人民最基本的生存和发展权利，是各国尤其是发展中国家经济和社会发展的首要考量，应作为2015年后发展议程的核心目标。政府应加大减贫投入力度，加强贫困人口、弱势群体和妇女儿童的能力建设，鼓励企业、社会团体等共同参与减贫事业。政府应将促进经济增长作为优先任务，建设统一开放、竞争有序的市场体系，不断增加居民收入，提高居民生活水平。保持宏观经济政策的连续性和稳定性，加快经济结构调整，推动科技创新，培育新增长点，实现经济稳定健康发展。大力推进现代农业建设，提高粮食生产能力，保障粮食安全。科学制定城镇化发展规划，发挥城镇化对经济增长的推动作用。

 

(I) Eradicating poverty and hunger, and promoting economic growth. Poverty eradication is essential to people’s fundamental right to subsistence and development, and is a top priority for all countries, developing countries in particular, as they pursue economic and social development. It should therefore be viewed as a core priority of the Post-2015 Development Agenda. Toward this end, governments should scale up investment in poverty eradication, strengthen capacity building for the poor, women and children, and other vulnerable groups, while also encouraging the participation of enterprises and civil society organizations in poverty eradication. Economic growth should be emphasized as a priority task, including by putting in place open market systems featuring orderly competition, increasing people’s income, and improving their living standards. It is necessary to maintain continuity and stability of the macro-economic policies, speed up economic reform, promote scientific innovation, and foster new growth areas so as to achieve steady and sound economic development. Significant efforts should be made to advance modern agriculture, increase food production capacity, and safeguard food security. Governments should also develop well-planned urbanization strategies in a systematic manner and give play to the role of urbanization in driving economic growth.

 

（二）全面推进社会进步，维护公平正义。推动包容发展，坚持以人为本，消除各种形式的不平等，让发展成果更多更公平惠及全体人民。把促进就业放在经济社会发展的优先位置，建立经济发展和扩大就业的联动机制，推动实现更高质量就业。建立更加公平可持续的社会保障制度，提高弱势群体的发展能力。保障每个人受教育的权利，促进教育公平，提高教育质量，实现更高水平的普及教育。建立完善的基本医疗保障制度，促进基本医疗卫生服务的公平性和可及性，提高服务水平和效率。促进妇女全面发展，提高妇女儿童健康水平，提高人口素质，促进人口长期均衡发展。促进国家治理体系和治理能力现代化，全面推进依法治国，保障人权，为发展营造良好的社会环境。

 

(II) Comprehensively promoting social progress, and safeguarding fairness and justice. It is important to pursue inclusive growth, always put people first, eradicate inequality in all forms, and ensure that the fruits of development are fairly shared by all. Employment should be the priority of the economic and social development agenda, while a coordinating mechanism between economic growth and job creation should be established to promote higher-quality employment. A fairer and more sustainable social security system should be put in place and efforts made to help the vulnerable groups strengthen their development capacities. It is also essential to guarantee people’s right to education, promote equality and quality of education, and realize universal education at a higher level. A sound basic health care system should be implemented to make basic medical and health services more equitable and accessible, and raise the quality and efficiency of these services. Efforts should be made to promote all-round development of women, improve the health of women and children, raise the quality of population, and promote long-term and balanced demographic growth. It is also important to modernize the national governance system and governance capacity, comprehensively promote the rule of law, protect human rights, and create a good social environment conducive to development.

 

（三）加强生态文明建设，促进可持续发展。树立尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然的生态文明理念，增强节约意识、环保意识和生态意识，形成合理消费的理念和生活方式。坚持节约资源，保护环境。坚持共同但有区别的责任原则、公平原则和各自能力原则，积极应对全球气候变化。保护生物多样性，维护全球生态安全。提高森林覆盖率，合理利用森林资源。控制空气污染，安全处置危险废物。保障城乡居民饮水安全，合理配置、高效利用水资源，推进水循环利用，加强国际减灾合作，完善防洪抗旱减灾体系建设。加强海洋环境保护，合理利用海洋资源。

 

(Ш) Enhancing ecological conservation and promoting sustainable development. Countries need to respect and protect nature, raise public awareness of the importance of environmental and ecological protection and resource conservation, and sustainable patterns of production. The international community should vigorously address global climate change in accordance with the principles of common but differentiated responsibilities, equity and respective capabilities. It is important to preserve biological diversity and uphold global ecological security through multi-pronged endeavors such as the expansion of forest coverage, rational harnessing of forest resources, control of air pollution, and safe disposal of hazardous waste. Efforts should be made to ensure safe drinking water for both urban and rural residents, allocate and use water resources efficiently, promote water recycling and reuse, strengthen international cooperation on disaster relief, and improve the disaster relief system to fight flood and drought. Intensified efforts should also be made to protect the marine environment and ensure rational use of marine resources.