二十国集团领导人杭州峰会公报（中英对照）

18、构建一个开放且具有抗风险能力的金融体系对支持可持续增长和发展至关重要。为此，我们继续承诺完成监管框架中剩余的核心工作，以及及时、全面和一致地落实已议定的金融部门改革议程，包括巴塞尔协议III和总损失吸收能力标准，以及有效的跨境处置机制。我们重申支持巴塞尔银行监管委员会在2016年底前完成巴塞尔协议III框架，在推动公平竞争的环境的同时，避免进一步大幅度提高整个银行业的总体资本金要求。我们欢迎金融稳定理事会关于金融监管改革执行与效果的第二份年报，并将继续加强监测改革落实情况及其效果，以确保其符合我们的总体目标，包括应对任何未预见到的重大后果。我们将继续应对保险业系统性风险的问题。我们欢迎针对国际活跃保险机构制定保险资本标准的工作。我们致力于充分且及时地落实已议定的场外衍生品改革，我们将消除向交易库报告场外衍生品交易以及当局合理获得数据所面临的法律和监管障碍。我们鼓励成员消除在实施《金融市场基础设施原则》方面的差距，欢迎支付与市场基础设施委员会、国际证监会组织和金融稳定理事会关于加强中央对手抗风险能力、恢复计划和可处置性的报告。鉴于有效的宏观审慎政策在限制系统性风险方面发挥着重要作用，我们欢迎国际货币基金组织、金融稳定理事会和国际清算银行联合进行的总结宏观审慎框架和工具国际经验的工作，以帮助促进实施有效的宏观审慎政策。我们欢迎金融稳定理事会就应对资产管理业务结构脆弱性的政策建议征求意见。我们将继续密切监测并在必要时应对金融体系中的新风险和脆弱性，包括与影子银行、资产管理和其他市场化融资有关的风险。我们将继续通过由金融稳定理事会协调的四项行动计划应对代理行业务减少问题，以支持侨汇、普惠金融、贸易和开放。我们期待进一步合理明确监管预期的相关工作，包括10月份金融行动特别工作组将审议代理行指引。我们呼吁二十国集团成员、国际货币基金组织和世界银行加大对各国能力建设的支持力度，从而帮助其改善全球反洗钱和反恐融资以及审慎标准的合规工作。我们核准二十国集团数字普惠金融高级原则、二十国集团普惠金融指标体系升级版以及二十国集团中小企业融资行动计划落实框架。我们鼓励各国在制定更广泛的普惠金融计划时考虑这些原则，特别是在数字普惠金融领域，并采取切实行动加快工作进度，让金融服务惠及所有人。

18. Building an open and resilient financial system is crucial to supporting sustainable growth and development. To this end, we remain committed to finalizing remaining critical elements of the regulatory framework and to the timely, full and consistent implementation of the agreed financial sector reform agenda, including Basel III and the total-loss-absorbing-capacity (TLAC) standard as well as effective cross-border resolution regimes. We reiterate our support for the work by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision (BCBS) to finalize the Basel III framework by the end of 2016, without further significantly increasing overall capital requirements across the banking sector, while promoting a level playing field. We welcome the second annual report of the Financial Stability Board (FSB) on implementation and effects of reforms, and will continue to enhance the monitoring of implementation and effects of reforms to ensure their consistency with our overall objectives, including by addressing any material unintended consequences. We will continue to address the issue of systemic risk within the insurance sector. We welcome the work towards the development of an Insurance Capital Standard (ICS) for internationally active insurers. We are committed to full and timely implementation of the agreed over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives reform agenda, and we will remove legal and regulatory barriers to the reporting of OTC derivatives to trade repositories and to authorities’ appropriate access to data. We encourage members to close the gap in the implementation of the Principles for Financial Market Infrastructures and welcome the reports by the Committee on Payments and Market Infrastructures, International Organization of Securities Commissions and FSB on enhancing central counterparty resilience, recovery planning and resolvability. Recognizing the importance of effective macroprudential policies in limiting systemic risks, we welcome the joint work by the IMF, FSB and Bank for International Settlements (BIS) to take stock of international experiences with macroprudential frameworks and tools and to help promote effective macroprudential policies. We welcome the FSB consultation on proposed policy recommendations to address structural vulnerabilities from asset management activities. We will continue to closely monitor, and if necessary, address emerging risks and vulnerabilities in the financial system, including those associated with shadow banking, asset management and other market-based finance. We will continue to address, through the FSB-coordinated action plan, the decline in correspondent banking services so as to support remittances, financial inclusion, trade and openness. We look forward to further efforts to clarify regulatory expectations, as appropriate, including through the review in October by the Financial Action Task Force (FATF) of the guidance on correspondent banking. We call on G20 members, the IMF and WBG to intensify their support for domestic capacity building to help countries improve their compliance with global anti-money laundering and countering the financing of terrorism (AML/CFT) and prudential standards. We endorse the G20 High-level Principles for Digital Financial Inclusion, the updated version of the G20 Financial Inclusion Indicators and the Implementation Framework of the G20 Action Plan on SME Financing. We encourage countries to consider these principles in devising their broader financial inclusion plans, particularly in the area of digital financial inclusion, and to take concrete actions to accelerate progress on all people’s access to finance.

19、我们将继续支持国际税收合作以建立一个全球公平和现代化的国际税收体系并促进增长，包括推进正开展的税基侵蚀和利润转移合作、税收情报交换、发展中国家税收能力建设和税收政策等，以促进增长，提高税收确定性。我们欢迎建立二十国集团/经合组织税基侵蚀和利润转移包容性框架，以及在日本京都召开的第一次会议，支持及时、持续、广泛落实税基侵蚀和利润转移一揽子项目，并呼吁所有感兴趣但尚未就税基侵蚀和利润转移项目作出承诺的国家和税收辖区作出承诺，并平等参与该框架。我们也欢迎在有效和广泛落实国际公认的税收透明度标准方面取得的进展，呼吁所有尚未承诺采纳税收情报自动交换标准的相关国家，包括所有金融中心和辖区，尽快作出承诺，最迟在2018年前实施自动情报交换标准，签署并批准多边税收行政互助公约。我们核可经合组织与二十国集团成员共同提出的关于识别在税收透明度方面不合作辖区的客观标准建议。我们要求在2017年6月前向我们报告各辖区在税收透明度上取得的进展，以及税收透明度与情报交换全球论坛将如何管理国别审议进程，应对各国提出的补充审议要求，以便经合组织在2017年7月二十国集团领导人峰会前准备一份尚未在落实国际税收透明度标准上取得满意进展的辖区名单。对列入名单的辖区将考虑制定防御性措施。我们鼓励各国和国际组织帮助发展中国家进行税收能力建设，并对国际货币基金组织、经合组织、联合国和世界银行共同成立的新的税收合作平台表示认可。我们支持亚的斯税收倡议的原则。我们认识到非法资金流动对各国经济都会产生巨大负面影响，并将继续推进二十国集团在这方面的工作。我们强调税收政策工具在开展供给侧结构性改革、促进创新驱动和包容性增长方面的有效性，以及税收确定性对于促进投资和贸易的益处，并要求经合组织和国际货币基金组织继续就促进增长的税收政策和税收确定性开展工作。为此，中方愿作出自身贡献，成立一个旨在开展国际税收政策设计和研究的国际税收政策研究中心。

19. We will continue our support for international tax cooperation to achieve a globally fair and modern international tax system and to foster growth, including advancing on-going cooperation on base erosion and profits shifting (BEPS), exchange of tax information, tax capacity-building of developing countries and tax policies to promote growth and tax certainty. We welcome the establishment of the G20/OECD Inclusive Framework on BEPS, and its first meeting in Kyoto. We support a timely, consistent and widespread implementation of the BEPS package and call upon all relevant and interested countries and jurisdictions that have not yet committed to the BEPS package to do so and join the framework on an equal footing. We also welcome the progress made on effective and widespread implementation of the internationally agreed standards on tax transparency and reiterate our call on all relevant countries including all financial centers and jurisdictions, which have not yet done so to commit without delay to implementing the standard of automatic exchange of information by 2018 at the latest and to sign and ratify the Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters. We endorse the proposals made by the OECD working with G20 members on the objective criteria to identify non-cooperative jurisdictions with respect to tax transparency. We ask the OECD to report back to the finance ministers and central bank governors by June 2017 on the progress made by jurisdictions on tax transparency, and on how the Global Forum will manage the country review process in response to supplementary review requests of countries, with a view for the OECD to prepare a list by the July 2017 G20 Leaders’ Summit of those jurisdictions that have not yet sufficiently progressed toward a satisfactory level of implementation of the agreed international standards on tax transparency. Defensive measures will be considered against listed jurisdictions. We encourage countries and international organizations to assist developing economies in building their tax capacity and acknowledge the establishment of the new Platform for Collaboration on Taxation by the IMF, OECD, UN and WBG. We support the principles of the Addis Tax Initiative. We recognize the significant negative impact of illicit financial flows on our economies and we will advance the work of the G20 on this theme. We emphasize the effectiveness of tax policy tools in supply-side structural reform for promoting innovation-driven, inclusive growth, as well as the benefits of tax certainty to promote investment and trade and ask the OECD and IMF to continue working on the issues of pro-growth tax policies and tax certainty. In this connection, China would make its own contribution by establishing an international tax policy research center for international tax policy design and research.

20、金融透明度和所有国家对透明度标准的有效落实，特别是落实法人和法律安排的受益所有权方面的透明度标准，对保护国际金融体系的完整性，防止将这些实体用于腐败、逃税、恐怖主义融资和洗钱活动至关重要。我们要求金融行动特别工作组和全球税收论坛在今年10月二十国集团财长和央行行长会议之前，就如何改进国际透明度标准的实施，包括获取受益所有权信息并开展跨国信息交换提出初步建议。

20. Financial transparency and effective implementation of the standards on transparency by all, in particular with regard to the beneficial ownership of legal persons and legal arrangements, is vital to protecting the integrity of the international financial system, and to preventing misuse of these entities and arrangements for corruption, tax evasion, terrorist financing and money laundering. We call on the FATF and the Global Forum to make initial proposals by the Finance Ministers and Central Bank Governors Meeting in October on ways to improve the implementation of the international standards on transparency, including on the availability of beneficial ownership information of legal persons and legal arrangements, and its international exchange.

21、我们认识到，为支持在环境可持续前提下的全球发展，有必要扩大绿色投融资。绿色金融的发展面临许多挑战，包括环境外部性内部化所面临的困难、期限错配、缺乏对绿色的清晰定义、信息不对称和分析能力缺失等，但我们可以与私人部门一起提出许多应对这类挑战的措施。我们欢迎绿色金融研究小组提交的《二十国集团绿色金融综合报告》和由其倡议的自愿可选措施，以增强金融体系动员私人资本开展绿色投资的能力。我们相信可通过以下努力来发展绿色金融：提供清晰的战略性政策信号与框架，推动绿色金融的自愿原则，扩大能力建设的学习网络，支持本地绿色债券市场发展，开展国际合作以推动跨境绿色债券投资，鼓励并推动在环境与金融风险领域的知识共享，改善对绿色金融活动及其影响的评估方法。

21. We recognize that, in order to support environmentally sustainable growth globally, it is necessary to scale up green financing. The development of green finance faces a number of challenges, including, among others, difficulties in internalizing environmental externalities, maturity mismatch, lack of clarity in green definitions, information asymmetry and inadequate analytical capacity, but many of these challenges can be addressed by options developed in collaboration with the private sector. We welcome the G20 Green Finance Synthesis Report submitted by the Green Finance Study Group (GFSG) and the voluntary options developed by the GFSG to enhance the ability of the financial system to mobilize private capital for green investment. We believe efforts could be made to provide clear strategic policy signals and frameworks, promote voluntary principles for green finance, expand learning networks for capacity building, support the development of local green bond markets, promote international collaboration to facilitate cross-border investment in green bonds, encourage and facilitate knowledge sharing on environmental and financial risks, and improve the measurement of green finance activities and their impacts.

22、腐败和非法资金流动损害公共资源的公平分配，妨碍经济可持续增长，破坏全球金融体系的廉洁与法治。我们决定加强二十国集团反腐败国际合作，同时在此方面充分尊重国际法、人权、法治和各国主权。我们核准《二十国集团反腐败追逃追赃高级原则》，欢迎中国关于在华设立二十国集团反腐败追逃追赃研究中心的倡议，该中心的运行将符合国际规范。我们承诺继续建设二十国集团拒绝腐败分子入境执法合作网络。我们将根据本国法律开展执法部门、反腐败和司法机关的跨境合作和信息分享。我们呼吁二十国集团成员批准《联合国反腐败公约》，欢迎开展第二轮履约审议。我们将致力于有效落实该公约和其他可适用的国际条约中关于引渡、刑事司法协助和资产追回的规定。我们核准《二十国集团2017－2018年反腐败行动计划》，改善公共和私营部门廉洁和透明度，通过行动落实我们在反腐领域零容忍、在内部反腐机制零漏洞和在反腐行动上零障碍的立场。我们要求反腐败工作组以更高的关注度和紧迫感，在2016年底前制定对上述行动计划的落实方案，作为下步开展反腐合作的灵活框架。我们欢迎2016年5月伦敦反腐败峰会以及2016年3月经合组织部长级会议取得的成果。

22. Recognizing the detrimental effects of corruption and illicit finance flows on equitable allocation of public resources, sustainable economic growth, the integrity of the global financial system and the rule of law, we will reinforce the G20’s efforts to enhance international cooperation against corruption, while fully respecting international law, human rights and the rule of law as well as the sovereignty of each country. We endorse the G20 High Level Principles on Cooperation on Persons Sought for Corruption and Asset Recovery and welcome Chinese initiative to establish in China a Research Center on International Cooperation Regarding Persons Sought for Corruption and Asset Recovery in G20 Member States, which will be operated in line with international norms. We commit to continue the G20 Denial of Entry Experts Network. Consistent with our national legal systems, we will work on cross-border cooperation and information sharing between law enforcement and anti-corruption agencies and judicial authorities. We call for ratification by all the G20 members of the United Nations Convention Against Corruption and welcome the launch of the second cycle of its review mechanism. We will endeavor to apply effectively the extradition, mutual legal assistance and asset recovery provisions of the above Convention and other applicable international conventions. We endorse the 2017-2018 G20 Anti-Corruption Action Plan to improve public and private sector transparency and integrity, implementing our stance of zero tolerance against corruption, zero loopholes in our institutions and zero barriers in our actions. We ask the Anti-Corruption Working Group to develop an implementation plan before the end of 2016 as a flexible framework to carry this work forward with renewed high-level attention and urgency. We also welcome outcomes of the London Anti-Corruption Summit in May 2016 and the OECD Ministerial Meeting in March 2016.

23、根据《二十国集团能源合作原则》，我们重申致力于构建运转良好、开放、竞争、高效、稳定和透明的能源市场，建设能更好地反映世界能源版图变化、更有效、更包容的全球能源治理架构，塑造一个负担得起、可靠、低温室气体排放和可持续的能源未来，同时利用好能源资源和技术。我们强调，持续投资于能源和更好的地区互联互通项目尤其是可持续能源项目，对确保未来能源安全、防范能源价格飙升影响经济稳定至关重要。我们将同撒哈拉沙漠以南非洲国家和亚太国家一道，提高负担得起、可靠、清洁、可持续、现代化的能源服务的普遍可及性，特别是减少普及电力的障碍。我们鼓励各成员在自身需要和国情基础上显著提高能效，以及调整生活方式以促进节约能源。我们将探索创新合作安排，推动国际能效合作。我们核准二十国集团能源部长发布的能源可及性自愿合作行动计划、可再生能源自愿行动计划和能效引领计划，要求他们定期会晤以跟踪上述计划的落实情况。

23. In line with the G20 Principles on Energy Collaboration, we reaffirm our commitment to building well-functioning, open, competitive, efficient, stable and transparent energy markets, fostering more effective and inclusive global energy architecture to better reflect the changing realities of the world’s energy landscape, and shaping an affordable, reliable, sustainable and low greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions energy future while utilizing energy sources and technologies. We stress that continued investment in energy projects and better regional interconnection, particularly in sustainable energy projects, remains critically important to ensuring future energy security and preventing economically destabilizing price spikes. We endeavor to work with Sub-Saharan and Asia-Pacific countries to improve universal access to affordable, reliable, clean, sustainable and modern energy services, particularly by addressing barriers to electricity access. We encourage members to significantly improve energy efficiency based on the specific needs and national circumstances of each member and promote energy conservation through appropriate lifestyle changes. We will explore innovative collaborative arrangements for international cooperation on energy efficiency. We endorse the G20 Voluntary Collaboration Action Plan on Energy Access, the G20 Voluntary Action Plan on Renewable Energy and the G20 Energy Efficiency Leading Programme issued by the G20 energy ministers and ask them to meet regularly to follow up on the implementation of these plans.

24、我们重申能源合作对构建更清洁的能源未来和确保可持续能源安全、从而推动经济增长具有重要作用。我们欢迎在6个能效关键领域自愿开展的国际合作取得的进展，其中包括重型卡车及改善其能效，同时考虑《二十国集团能效引领计划》中的有关政策措施并确保符合各国国情。我们重申承诺在中期内规范并逐步取消低效的、鼓励浪费的化石燃料补贴，同时向贫困人群提供支持。我们欢迎二十国集团成员在落实其承诺方面取得的进展并期待未来取得进一步进展。我们特别鼓励二十国集团成员考虑参与自愿同行审议。考虑到天然气是一种低排放的化石燃料，我们将通过加强合作寻求解决方案，以推动在天然气开采、运输和加工方面最大程度减少环境影响。我们强调能源来源和通道多样化的重要性。

24. We reaffirm the importance of energy collaboration towards a cleaner energy future and sustainable energy security with a view to fostering economic growth. We welcome the progress on the voluntary international collaboration on energy efficiency in six key areas, taking into consideration the policies outlined in the Energy Efficiency Leading Programme and in line with national circumstances, including in heavy duty vehicles, and improving the efficiency of these vehicles. We also reaffirm our commitment to rationalize and phase-out inefficient fossil fuel subsidies that encourage wasteful consumption over the medium term, recognizing the need to support the poor. We welcome G20 countries’ progress on their commitments and look forward to further progress in the future. Further, we encourage G20 countries to consider participating in the voluntary peer review process. Given that natural gas is a less emission-intensive fossil fuel, we will enhance collaboration on solutions that promote natural gas extraction, transportation, and processing in a manner that minimizes environmental impacts. We stress the importance of diversification of energy sources and routes.