中国的对外援助（2014）（中英对照白皮书2014）

四、区域合作机制下的对外援助

IV. Foreign Assistance under Regional Cooperation Mechanism

中国注重在区域合作层面加强与受援国的集体磋商，利用中非合作论坛、中国—东盟领导人会议等区域合作机制和平台，多次宣布一揽子援助举措，积极回应各地区的发展需要。

China lays great emphasis on strengthening group consultation with recipient countries through regional cooperation mechanisms and platforms, such as Forum on China-Africa Cooperation (FOCAC) and China-ASEAN Summit, and has, on more than one occasion, announced assistance packages in response to the development needs of various regions.

（一）推动中非新型战略伙伴关系发展

1. Promoting a New China-Africa Strategic Partnership

非洲是发展中国家最集中的地区。自2000年中非合作论坛成立以来，中国积极在论坛框架下同非洲国家开展发展合作，逐步增加对非洲援助力度，有效促进中非关系全面发展。

Africa is home to the largest number of developing countries. Since the establishment of FOCAC in 2000, China has actively developed its cooperation with African countries under the framework of the Forum, gradually expanded assistance to the region, and effectively promoted the comprehensive development of its relations with Africa.

优先促进农业发展。中国一贯重视与非洲开展农业合作。2010年至2012年，中国在非洲建成了14个农业技术示范中心，另有8个技术示范中心进入规划实施阶段；派遣了大量农业专家开展技术合作；为非洲国家培训农业技术人员超过5000名。2012年7月，在中非合作论坛第五届部长级会议上，中国政府承诺援建更多农业技术示范中心，进一步加强技术培训和示范推广，帮助非洲国家提高粮食生产、加工、储运和销售能力。

Giving priority to agricultural development. China has all along paid great attention to its agricultural cooperation with Africa. From 2010 to 2012, China established 14 agricultural technology demonstration centers, and launched the planning or construction of another eight centers. China also sent a large number of agricultural experts to Africa to carry out technical cooperation, and trained for African countries over 5,000 agricultural technicians. In July 2012, at the Fifth Ministerial Meeting of the FOCAC, the Chinese government promised to provide assistance in building more agricultural technology demonstration centers in Africa, strengthen technical training, demonstration and popularization, and help African countries improve their ability in food production, processing, storage and marketing.

支持基础设施建设和一体化发展。基础设施一直是中国对非援助的重点领域。坦赞铁路是中国早期支持非洲跨国基础设施建设的标志性项目，建成后，中国不间断地开展技术合作，为铁路运营管理提供帮助。2010年至2012年，中国在非洲援建了86个经济基础设施项目。2012年，中国宣布同非洲国家建立跨国跨区域基础设施建设合作伙伴关系，为项目规划和可行性研究提供支持，鼓励有实力的中国企业和金融机构参与建设。中国积极支持非洲联合自强和一体化进程，援建了非洲联盟总部大楼和会议中心，同时支持“非洲发展新伙伴计划”，帮助非洲加强能力建设。

Giving support to infrastructure construction and integrated development. Infrastructure has always been the focus of China’s assistance to Africa. The Tanzania-Zambia Railway is a landmark project in China’s early assistance for cross-border infrastructure construction in Africa. After its completion, China continuously carried out technical cooperation to provide help in the operation and management of the railway. From 2010 to 2012, China built in Africa 86 economic infrastructure projects. In 2012, China announced the establishment of trans-national and trans-regional infrastructure construction cooperation partnership with African countries, rendering support in project planning and feasibility study, and encouraging the participation of capable Chinese enterprises and financial institutions in project construction. China provided active support to Africa in the process to build their own strength through unity and integration, assisted the construction of the African Union Conference Center and Office Complex, and stood up for New Partnership for African Development, helping Africa enhance capacity building.

推动医疗卫生合作。中国长期致力于帮助非洲国家改善医疗卫生条件。目前，43支中国医疗队分布在42个非洲国家。中国援建了近30所医院和30个疟疾防治中心，提供8亿元人民币的医疗设备物资和抗疟药品，为非洲国家培训医护人员超过3000名。援利比里亚塔佩塔医院项目医疗设备先进齐全，建成后由中国、埃及、利比里亚三国合作运营，为该项目可持续运营进行了有益尝试。

Promoting medical and health care cooperation. China has long been committed to helping African countries improve their medical and health care conditions. Currently, there are 43 China’s medical teams in 42 African countries. China assisted the construction of 30 hospitals and 30 malaria prevention and control centers, provided 800 million yuan worth of medical equipment and supplies and anti-malaria drugs, and trained over 3,000 medical staff for African countries. China-assisted Tappita Hospital in Liberia, boasting complete and advanced medical equipment, is jointly operated by China, Egypt and Liberia, which is a meaningful step towards its sustainable operation.

开展能力建设。三年中，中国在非洲国家援建了150所中小学校，培训各类人才约4.7万名。2012年，中国宣布实施“非洲人才计划”，在今后三年内为非洲培训3万名各类人才，提供政府奖学金名额18000个。当年，中国向非洲国家提供的政府奖学金名额已达6717个。

Capacity building. During the three years, China built 150 primary and secondary schools in Africa, and trained a total of 47,000 people of various professions. In 2012, China announced its African Talents Program: to train 30,000 personnel in various sectors for Africa in three years and offer 18,000 government scholarships. In that year alone, China offered 6,717 government scholarships to African countries.

应对气候变化。中国积极帮助非洲国家提高应对气候变化的能力，加强在卫星气象监测、新能源开发利用、沙漠化防治、城市环境保护等领域的合作。中国在非洲援建的105个清洁能源和供水项目已陆续开工建设或交付使用。2012年，中国启动为有关非洲国家援建自动气象观测站、高空观测雷达站等设施，提供森林保护设备，开展人员培训和交流研讨，支持非洲加强生态环境保护，应对气候变化挑战。

Coping with climate change. China actively helped African countries improve their ability to cope with climate change, and strengthened cooperation with them in meteorological satellite monitoring, new energy development and utilization, desertification prevention and control, and urban environmental protection. A number of the 105 clean energy and water supply projects assisted by China have been under construction or put into operation. In 2012, China started to build for African countries automatic meteorological stations and high-altitude observation radar stations, provide them with forest protection equipment and carry out personnel training and exchange, in an effort to support Africa to strengthen its capacity in ecological conservation and response to challenges imposed by climate change.

（二）促进与东盟务实合作全面发展

2. Promoting Practical Cooperation with ASEAN

自2003年中国与东盟宣布建立战略伙伴关系以来，中国积极在各领域与东盟国家开展合作，重点向东盟低收入国家提供经济技术援助，支持东盟缩小内部发展差距。

Since China and ASEAN announced the establishment of strategic partnership in 2003, China has conducted active cooperation with ASEAN countries in all fields, focusing on providing economic and technical assistance to low-income ASEAN countries to help the ASEAN narrow internal development gaps.

支持多层次区域合作。中国多渠道提供资金，支持东盟在区域合作中发挥主导作用。2010年至2012年，中国连续在中国—东盟领导人会议上宣布援助举措，重点支持基础设施建设。中国援建了一大批工农业生产和基础设施项目，助推东盟国家经济发展。

Supporting multi-level regional cooperation. China has provided funding through multiple channels to support ASEAN in playing its leading role in regional cooperation. From 2010 to 2012, China successively announced assistance measures at China-ASEAN Summits, with particular emphasis on assistance in infrastructure construction. China has assisted the construction of a large number of industrial and agricultural production and infrastructure projects, which have played a boosting role in the economic development of ASEAN countries.

促进农业综合发展。2010年以来，中国不断加大“中国—东盟粮食综合生产能力提升行动计划”实施力度，与东盟各国共同建设农作物优良品种试验站20个，示范推广面积达100万公顷；在东盟国家新建3个农业技术示范中心，派出300名农业专家和技术人员赴东盟进行指导；在周边国家建设跨境动植物疫病防控监测站，建立动植物疫病联防联控体系。

Promoting comprehensive development of agriculture. Since 2010, China has constantly stepped up its efforts in implementing the China-ASEAN Action Plan on Comprehensive Food Productivity Enhancement. It worked with ASEAN countries in setting up 20 experimental stations of improved crop varieties, with the demonstration areas totaling one million hectares. In addition, China built three agricultural technology demonstration centers in ASEAN countries and dispatched 300 agricultural experts and technicians to provide technical guidance. China also worked with neighboring ASEAN countries to set up cross-border monitoring stations for animal and plant disease prevention and control and established a cross-border epidemic joint-prevention and joint-control system.

加强能力建设。三年中，中国为东盟国家培训官员和技术人员5千余名，涉及商务会展、文化艺术、汉语、金融财税、传统医药和传染病防治、新能源、农业等领域。

Boosting capacity building. During the three years, China trained for ASEAN countries over 5,000 officials and technicians in such fields as business conferences and exhibitions, culture and arts, Chinese language, finance and taxation, traditional medicine, control and treatment of infectious diseases, new energy, as well as agriculture.

（三）支持其他地区经济社会发展

3. Supporting the Economic and Social Development of Other Regions

中国以共同发展为目标，利用中国—葡语国家经贸合作论坛（澳门）、中国—加勒比经贸合作论坛、中国—太平洋岛国经济发展合作论坛、中国—阿拉伯国家合作论坛和上海合作组织等平台，与相关地区的发展中国家开展合作。

Targeting to common development, China made use of such platforms as Forum for Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and the Portuguese-speaking Countries (Macau), China-Caribbean Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum, China-Pacific Island Countries Economic Development and Cooperation Forum, China-Arab States Cooperation Forum, and the Shanghai Cooperation Organization to carry out cooperation with developing countries in regions concerned.

帮助亚非葡语国家改善民生。自2003年中国—葡语国家经贸合作论坛（澳门）成立以来，中国同安哥拉、佛得角、几内亚比绍、莫桑比克、东帝汶等发展中葡语国家重点在文教卫生、能力建设、农业等领域开展援助合作。2010年至2012年，中国向上述五国提供优惠贷款近16亿元人民币，培训人员2000多名。2011年中葡论坛培训中心在澳门落成，截至目前已举办10余期研修班。

Helping Asian and African Portuguese-speaking countries improve livelihood. Since the establishment of the Forum for Economic and Trade Cooperation between China and the Portuguese-speaking Countries (Macau) in 2003, China has conducted assistance cooperation with Portuguese-speaking developing countries, including Angola, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau, Mozambique and East Timor, in the fields like culture, education, health, capacity building and agriculture. From 2010 to 2012, China offered 1.6 billion yuan of concessional loans to the above five countries, and trained over 2,000 personnel for them. In 2011, a training center under the Forum was established in Macau, and it has since hosted over 10 workshops.

加强与加勒比地区国家务实合作。中国积极落实2011年第三届中国—加勒比经贸合作论坛宣布的援助举措。截至2012年底，中国在第三届论坛框架下，向加勒比地区国家提供优惠贷款近30亿元人民币，主要用于建设基础设施项目，同时，为加勒比国家培训官员和技术人员500余名，在地震或海啸预警监测网建设方面提供培训，为安提瓜和巴布达、多米尼克等国家援建学校，向多米尼克派遣医疗队并培训医护人员，与多米尼克、格林纳达、古巴等国家开展农渔业技术合作。

Enhancing practical cooperation with the Caribbean countries. China has been actively implementing the assistance measures it announced at the Third China-Caribbean Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum held in 2011. By the end of 2012, under the framework of the Third China-Caribbean Economic and Trade Cooperation Forum, China had provided the Caribbean countries with concessional loans totaling 3 billion yuan mainly for the construction of infrastructure projects. In the meantime, China trained over 500 officials and technical staff for the Caribbean countries, and held training courses for these countries in the establishment of earthquake and tsunami early warning and monitoring system. China also built schools for Antigua and Barbuda and Dominica, dispatched to Dominica medical teams and trained local medical staff, and carried out technical cooperation in agriculture and fishery with Dominica, Grenada and Cuba.

支持太平洋岛国经济可持续发展。中国重视发展与太平洋岛国的友好合作关系，支持其提出的旨在推进区域合作进程的“太平洋计划”。自2006年首届中国—太平洋岛国经济发展合作论坛部长级会议以来，中国为岛国培训官员和技术人员超过2500名；与斐济、巴布亚新几内亚、萨摩亚、汤加、密克罗尼西亚等国开展农渔业技术合作。中国协助巴布亚新几内亚进行疟疾防治，分别向萨摩亚、瓦努阿图、密克罗尼西亚、汤加、巴布亚新几内亚等国派遣医疗队，并为岛国举办卫生官员、医院管理及医药研究人员培训班。

Supporting sustainable economic development of Pacific island countries. China lays emphasis on developing friendly cooperation with Pacific island countries and supports the Pacific Plan they initiated to boost regional cooperation. Since the first ministerial meeting of China-Pacific Island Countries Economic Development and Cooperation Forum in 2006, China has trained for these countries over 2,500 officials and technicians, and conducted technical cooperation in agriculture and fishery with Fiji, Papua New Guinea, Samoa, Tonga and the Federated States of Micronesia. China helped Papua New Guinea with malaria prevention and control, dispatched medical teams to Samoa, Vanuatu, the Federated States of Micronesia, Tonga and Papua New Guinea, and held training courses for health officials, hospital administrators and pharmaceutical researchers of Pacific island countries.