七、全方位加强能源国际合作
VII. Strengthening International Energy Cooperation Across the Board文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
中国践行绿色发展理念，遵循互利共赢原则开展国际合作，努力实现开放条件下能源安全，扩大能源领域对外开放，推动高质量共建“一带一路”，积极参与全球能源治理，引导应对气候变化国际合作，推动构建人类命运共同体。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
China bases international cooperation on the principle of mutual benefit and win-win results while embracing the concept of green development. It is endeavoring to ensure energy security in an open environment, open its energy sector wider to the world, promote high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, actively engage in global energy governance, guide global cooperation in climate change, and build a global community of shared future.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
（一）持续深化能源领域对外开放文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
1. Opening the Energy Sector Further to the World文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/10292.html
中国坚定不移维护全球能源市场稳定，扩大能源领域对外开放。大幅度放宽外商投资准入，打造市场化法治化国际化营商环境，促进贸易和投资自由化便利化。全面实行准入前国民待遇加负面清单管理制度，能源领域外商投资准入限制持续减少。全面取消煤炭、油气、电力（除核电外）、新能源等领域外资准入限制。推动广东、湖北、重庆、海南等自由贸易试验区能源产业发展，支持浙江自由贸易试验区油气全产业链开放发展。埃克森美孚、通用电气、碧辟、法国电力、西门子等国际能源公司在中国投资规模稳步增加，上海特斯拉电动汽车等重大外资项目相继在中国落地，外资加油站数量快速增长。
China is committed to a stable global energy market and is opening its energy sector wider to the world. It has greatly eased market access for foreign investment, and has built a market-based international business environment that respects the rule of law to facilitate free trade and investment. It has adopted pre-establishment national treatment plus a negative list, reducing restrictions on access to the energy sector for foreign investment. It has lifted the restrictions for foreign investment to enter the sectors of coal, oil, gas, electric power (excluding nuclear power), and new energy. It is promoting the energy industry in pilot free trade zones such as Guangdong, Hubei, Chongqing and Hainan, and supports further opening up of the entire oil and gas industry in the China (Zhejiang) Pilot Free Trade Zone. International energy companies such as ExxonMobil, GE, BP, EDF and SIEMENS are steadily expanding investment in China. Major foreign investment projects such as Tesla’s Shanghai plant are well under way. Foreign-funded gas stations are spreading.
（二）着力推进共建“一带一路”能源合作
2. Promoting Energy Cooperation Among BRI Countries
中国秉持共商共建共享原则，坚持开放、绿色、廉洁理念，努力实现高标准、惠民生、可持续的目标，同各国在共建“一带一路”框架下加强能源合作，在实现自身发展的同时更多惠及其他国家和人民，为推动共同发展创造有利条件。
China follows the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, and pursues open, green and clean governance in its energy cooperation with BRI countries towards high-standard, people-centered and sustainable goals. It attempts to bring benefits to more countries and their people while maintaining its own development trajectory, and to create conditions favorable to further common development.
推动互利共赢的能源务实合作。中国与全球100多个国家、地区开展广泛的能源贸易、投资、产能、装备、技术、标准等领域合作。中国企业高标准建设适应合作国迫切需求的能源项目，帮助当地把资源优势转化为发展优势，促进当地技术进步、就业扩大、经济增长和民生改善，实现优势互补、共同发展。通过第三方市场合作，与一些国家和大型跨国公司开展清洁能源领域合作，推动形成开放透明、普惠共享、互利共赢的能源合作格局。2019年，中国等30个国家共同建立了“一带一路”能源合作伙伴关系。
Pragmatic and mutually beneficial energy cooperation. China engages in extensive cooperation with over 100 countries and regions around the world in terms of energy trade, investment, industrial capacity, equipment, technology, and standard setting. The high standards of Chinese enterprises are much sought after by partner countries for their energy projects, which help to turn local resource advantages into development strengths. They will also drive technical progress in these countries, create more jobs, stimulate the economy, and improve people’s lives. In this way China and its BRI partners will grow together by leveraging and incorporating their respective strengths. China builds cooperation with countries and large transnational corporations in the field of clean energy through third-party markets, to create an energy cooperation framework which is open, transparent, inclusive, and mutually beneficial. In 2019, China established Belt and Road energy partnerships with 30 countries.
建设绿色丝绸之路。中国是全球最大的可再生能源市场，也是全球最大的清洁能源设备制造国。积极推动全球能源绿色低碳转型，广泛开展可再生能源合作，如几内亚卡雷塔水电项目、匈牙利考波什堡光伏电站项目、黑山莫茹拉风电项目、阿联酋迪拜光热光伏混合发电项目、巴基斯坦卡洛特水电站和真纳光伏园一期光伏项目等。可再生能源技术在中国市场的广泛应用，促进了全世界范围可再生能源成本的下降，加速了全球能源转型进程。
A silk road with green energy. China is the largest renewable energy market and the largest clean energy equipment manufacturer in the world. It is actively working towards green and low-carbon global energy transition by engaging in extensive cooperation in renewable energy. Its efforts can be seen in cooperation projects such as the Kaleta hydropower project in Guinea, the Kaposvar PV power station project in Hungary, the Mozura wind park project in Montenegro, Noor Energy 1 – the CSP+PV solar power project in Dubai of the UAE, the Karot hydropower project and the first phase of the solar PV power project in the Quaid-e-Azam Solar Park in Pakistan. The wide application of renewable energy technologies in the Chinese market is helping to reduce the cost of renewable energy across the globe and accelerate the green transition process.
加强能源基础设施互联互通。积极推动跨国、跨区域能源基础设施联通，为能源资源互补协作和互惠贸易创造条件。中俄、中国－中亚、中缅油气管道等一批标志性的能源重大项目建成投运，中国与周边7个国家实现电力联网，能源基础设施互联互通水平显著提升，在更大范围内促进能源资源优化配置，促进区域国家经济合作。
Greater energy infrastructure connectivity. China is promoting transnational and cross-regional energy infrastructure connectivity, creating conditions for complementary cooperation and reciprocal trade in energy resources. A batch of landmark energy projects such as the China-Russia, China-Central Asia and China-Myanmar oil and gas pipelines have been completed and brought into operation. China has now connected its grid with the power grids of seven neighboring countries, giving a strong boost to energy infrastructure connectivity and realizing optimal allocation of energy resources on a larger scale, which facilitates economic cooperation within the region.
提高全球能源可及性。积极推动“确保人人获得负担得起的、可靠和可持续的现代能源”可持续发展目标的国内落实，积极参与能源可及性国际合作，采用多种融资模式为无电地区因地制宜开发并网、微网和离网电力项目，为使用传统炊事燃料的地区捐赠清洁炉灶，提高合作国能源普及水平，惠及当地民生。
Wider global energy access. China actively implements the UN sustainable development goal of ensuring “access to affordable, reliable, sustainable and modern energy for all”. It also takes an active part in global cooperation on expanding energy access. To improve energy access in partner countries and benefit ordinary people, China has employed multiple financing methods to develop electric power projects using grid-connected, microgrid, or off-grid solar systems according to local conditions, and donated clean cooking stoves to regions still using traditional cooking fuels.
（三）积极参与全球能源治理
3. Actively Participating in Global Energy Governance
中国坚定支持多边主义，按照互利共赢原则开展双多边能源合作，积极支持国际能源组织和合作机制在全球能源治理中发挥作用，在国际多边合作框架下积极推动全球能源市场稳定与供应安全、能源绿色转型发展，为促进全球能源可持续发展贡献中国智慧、中国力量。
As a staunch supporter of multilateralism, China builds bilateral and multilateral energy cooperation based on mutual benefit and win-win results. It supports the role of the International Energy Agency (IEA) and relevant cooperation mechanisms in global energy governance, promotes global energy market stability and supply security, and the green energy transition within the framework of international multilateral cooperation, and contributes ideas and solutions to the sustainable development of global energy.
融入多边能源治理。积极参与联合国、二十国集团、亚太经合组织、金砖国家等多边机制下的能源国际合作，在联合研究发布报告、成立机构等方面取得积极进展。中国与90多个国家和地区建立了政府间能源合作机制，与30多个能源领域国际组织和多边机制建立了合作关系。2012年以来，中国先后成为国际可再生能源署成员国、国际能源宪章签约观察国、国际能源署联盟国等。
Engagement in multilateral energy governance. China is an active participant in international energy cooperation under multilateral mechanisms such as the UN, G20, APEC and BRICS. It is making positive progress in joint research, releasing reports and founding agencies. China has set up intergovernmental energy cooperation mechanisms with over 90 countries and regions, and established ties with over 30 international organizations and multilateral mechanisms in the energy sector. Since 2012, China has become a member state of the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), an observer country to the Energy Charter Treaty, and an affiliate of the IEA.
倡导区域能源合作。搭建中国与东盟、阿盟、非盟、中东欧等区域能源合作平台，建立东亚峰会清洁能源论坛，中国推动能力建设与技术创新合作，为18个国家提供了清洁能源利用、能效等领域的培训。
A facilitator in regional energy cooperation. China has built regional energy cooperation platforms with ASEAN, the League of Arab States, African Union, and Central and Eastern Europe, and organized forums on clean energy at the East Asia Summit. It has also facilitated capacity building and cooperation on technological innovation and provided training for 18 countries in clean energy use and energy efficiency.
（四）携手应对全球气候变化
4. Joining Forces to Tackle Global Climate Change
中国秉持人类命运共同体理念，与其他国家团结合作、共同应对全球气候变化，积极推动能源绿色低碳转型。
Embracing the vision of a global community of shared future, China works together with other countries to address global climate change and promote the transition to green and low-carbon energy.
加强应对气候变化国际合作。在联合国、世界银行、全球环境基金、亚洲开发银行等机构和德国等国家支持下，中国着眼能源绿色低碳转型，通过经验分享、技术交流、项目对接等方式，同相关国家在可再生能源开发利用、低碳城市示范等领域开展广泛而持续的双多边合作。
Strengthening international cooperation on climate change. With support from the UN, World Bank, Global Environment Facility, Asian Development Bank, and countries such as Germany, China is focusing on green and low-carbon energy transition and developing extensive and sustainable bilateral and multilateral cooperation with other countries in exploiting renewable energy and showcasing pilot low-carbon cities through experience sharing, technical exchanges, and project dovetailing.
支持发展中国家提升应对气候变化能力。深化气候变化领域南南合作，支持最不发达国家、小岛屿国家、非洲国家和其他发展中国家应对气候变化挑战。从2016年起，中国在发展中国家启动10个低碳示范区、100个减缓和适应气候变化项目和1000个应对气候变化培训名额的合作项目，帮助发展中国家能源清洁低碳发展，共同应对全球气候变化。
Supporting capacity building in developing countries to address climate change. China is committed to deeper South-South climate cooperation. It provides support to the least developed countries, small island countries, African countries and other developing countries in their response to climate change. Since 2016, China has set up 10 pilot low-carbon industrial parks, launched 100 mitigation and adaptation programs, and provided 1,000 training opportunities on climate change cooperation in developing countries to help them develop clean and low-carbon energy and jointly address global climate change.
（五）共同促进全球能源可持续发展的中国主张
5. China’s Proposals for Developing Synergy on Sustainable Global Energy Development
人类已进入互联互通的时代，维护能源安全、应对全球气候变化已成为全世界面临的重大挑战。当前持续蔓延的新冠肺炎疫情，更加凸显各国利益休戚相关、命运紧密相连。中国倡议国际社会共同努力，促进全球能源可持续发展，应对气候变化挑战，建设清洁美丽世界。
Humanity has entered an era of connectivity when maintaining energy security and addressing global climate change have become major challenges confronting the whole world. The ongoing Covid-19 pandemic highlights all the more the interdependent interests of all countries and the interconnection of all peoples. China proposes that the international community should work together on the sustainable development of global energy, address the challenges of climate change, and build a cleaner and more beautiful world.
协同推进能源绿色低碳转型，促进清洁美丽世界建设。应对气候变化挑战，改善全球生态环境，需要各国的共同努力。各国应选择绿色发展道路，采取绿色低碳循环可持续的生产生活方式，推动能源转型，协同应对和解决能源发展中的问题，携手应对全球气候变化，为建设清洁美丽世界作出积极贡献。
Jointly promoting the transition to green and low-carbon energy to build a cleaner and more beautiful world. It requires the joint effort of all countries to address the challenge of climate change and improve the global eco-environment. All countries should choose the green development path, adopt green, low-carbon and sustainable working practices and lifestyles, promote energy transition, and address problems relating to energy. We should join forces to tackle global climate change and make our contribution to building a cleaner and more beautiful world.
协同巩固能源领域多边合作，加速经济绿色复苏增长。完善国际能源治理机制，维护开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的多边国际能源合作格局。深化能源领域对话沟通与务实合作，推动经济复苏和融合发展。加强跨国、跨地区能源清洁低碳技术创新和标准合作，促进能源技术转移和推广普及，完善国际协同的知识产权保护。
Jointly consolidating multilateral energy cooperation to accelerate the green economic recovery and growth. We should improve international governance and maintain an open, inclusive, balanced and reciprocal multilateral framework for international energy cooperation. We should expand communication and pragmatic cooperation in the energy sector to promote economic recovery and integrated development. We should strengthen transnational and cross-regional innovation on clean-energy and low-carbon technologies, and cooperation on technology standards, to promote energy technology transfer and rollout and improve international IPR protection.
协同畅通国际能源贸易投资，维护全球能源市场稳定。消除能源贸易和投资壁垒，促进贸易投资便利化，开展能源资源和产能合作，深化能源基础设施合作，提升互联互通水平，促进资源高效配置和市场深度融合。秉持共商共建共享原则，积极寻求发展利益最大公约数，促进全球能源可持续发展，共同维护全球能源安全。
Jointly facilitating international investment in energy trading to protect global market stability. We should eliminate energy trade and investment barriers, facilitate trade and investment, cooperate on energy resources and industrial capacity as well as infrastructure, improve connectivity, and promote efficient resource allocation and greater market integration. We should embrace the principles of extensive consultation, joint contribution and shared benefits, seek the greatest common ground to promote the sustainable development of global energy, and jointly maintain global energy security.
协同促进欠发达地区能源可及性，努力解决能源贫困问题。共同推动实现能源领域可持续发展目标，支持欠发达国家和地区缺乏现代能源供应的人口获得电力等基本的能源服务。帮助欠发达国家和地区推广应用先进绿色能源技术，培训能源专业人才，完善能源服务体系，形成绿色能源开发与消除能源贫困相融合的新模式。
Jointly improving energy access in underdeveloped areas to address energy poverty. We should join forces to realize the sustainable goal in the energy sector, and ensure access to basic energy services such as electricity for people in need in underdeveloped countries and regions. We should help underdeveloped countries and regions to popularize advanced green energy technologies, train energy professionals and improve energy services to integrate the efforts on green energy development and the elimination of energy poverty.
结束语
Conclusion
中国即将开启全面建设社会主义现代化国家的新征程。进入新的发展阶段，中国将继续坚定不移推进能源革命，加快构建清洁低碳、安全高效的能源体系，为2035年基本实现社会主义现代化、本世纪中叶全面建成社会主义现代化强国提供坚强的能源保障。
China is embarking on a new journey towards a modern socialist country in all respects. In this new development stage, it will remain committed to an energy revolution, and move faster to build a clean, low-carbon, safe and efficient energy system, to lay a solid foundation for basically achieving socialist modernization in 2035 and becoming a great modern socialist country by the middle of the 21st century.
当今世界正经历百年未有之大变局。生态环境事关人类生存和永续发展，需要各国团结合作，共同应对挑战。中国将秉持人类命运共同体理念，继续与各国一道，深化全球能源治理合作，推动全球能源可持续发展，维护全球能源安全，努力实现更加普惠、包容、均衡、平等的发展，建设更加清洁、美丽、繁荣、宜居的世界。
The world today is experiencing a scale of change unseen in a century. The eco-environment has a direct bearing on human existence and its sustained development. Countries of the world need to work in solidarity to cope with the challenge. China will embrace the vision of a global community of shared future, work together with all countries to expand cooperation on global energy governance, promote the sustainable development of global energy, and protect global energy security. This is part of our commitment to realizing more inclusive, balanced and equal development for all, and to building a clean, beautiful, prosperous and habitable world.
