二、回顾建党百年来党的外交外事工作伟大光辉历程，我们得出以下主要经验与启示
II. Looking back at the glorious journey of the CPC’s foreign-related work over the past century since its founding, we have drawn the following important experience and inspiration.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
（一）始终坚持马克思主义的指导地位，引领党的外交外事工作正确方向。习近平总书记指出，“我们党的历史，就是一部不断推进马克思主义中国化的历史，就是一部不断推进理论创新、进行理论创造的历史。”马克思主义的科学性和真理性也充分体现在党的外交外事工作中。我们党始终坚持以马克思主义基本原理分析把握国际形势和历史大势，坚持用马克思主义的世界观和方法论观察世界、认识世界、改造世界，正确处理中国与世界的关系，不断推进外交理念、实践和机制体制创新，逐步形成体现马克思主义立场观点方法、具有中国特色的外交理论体系。党的十八大以来，党的外交理论和实践创新进入新阶段新时期，形成了习近平外交思想，必将持续指引新时代中国特色大国外交不断向前迈进。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
1. We must always uphold the guiding position of Marxism to steer the Party’s foreign-related work in the right direction.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
General Secretary Xi Jinping has noted, “The history of the CPC is a history of constant adaptation of Marxism to the Chinese context, and a history of constant theoretical innovation and creation.” The truth and scientific nature of Marxism is amply reflected in the Party’s foreign-related work. The Party has always analyzed international developments and historical trends through the lens of the fundamental tenets of Marxism, and has always used the Marxist worldview and methodology to observe, understand and transform the world and to properly handle China’s relations with the rest of the world. It has constantly advanced innovation in diplomatic philosophy and practice as well as the systems and mechanisms for conducting foreign relations, thus gradually forming a system of diplomatic theories that both reflects the Marxist stand, viewpoint and method and has distinct Chinese features. Since the 18th National Congress, the Party’s innovation in theory and practice of foreign-related work has entered a new stage and new period, and Xi Jinping Thought on Diplomacy has been formed. This will continue to lead us toward new advances in major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
（二）始终坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，牢牢把握党的外交外事工作根本宗旨。习近平总书记强调，“我们党的百年历史，就是一部践行党的初心使命的历史，就是一部党与人民心连心、同呼吸、共命运的历史。”党的外交外事工作的根本出发点和落脚点就是坚持和贯彻全心全意为人民服务的宗旨，在外交外事工作中实现好、维护好、发展好最广大人民根本利益。外交外事工作要通过推进党和国家事业发展不断满足人民群众对美好生活的向往，使人民群众从党的外交外事工作发展中不断增强获得感、幸福感、安全感。近年来我们多次在国际上发生政局突变、战乱动荡、重大自然灾害等情况下，采取果断有力措施保障海外中国公民安全，把党以人民为中心的执政理念切实贯彻到外交外事工作的方方面面。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/11814.html
2. We must always follow the people-centered development philosophy to firmly adhere to the fundamental purpose of the Party’s foreign-related work.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has stressed, “The century-old history of the CPC is a history of fulfilling the Party’s founding mission, a history of breathing the same breath as the people, sharing the same future, and staying truly connected with them.” The fundamental purpose and goal of the Party in its foreign-related work is to serve the people wholeheartedly, and to realize, safeguard and develop the fundamental interests of the broadest majority of the Chinese people. Through contributing to the cause of the Party and the country, foreign-related work may help people meet their expectation for a better life, and get a stronger sense of benefit, happiness and security from the Party’s foreign-related work. In recent years, on multiple occasions of political upheaval, war and turmoil, and major natural disasters in other parts of the world, we have taken resolute and effective measures to protect the safety of Chinese nationals abroad to truly deliver on the Party’s people-centered governance philosophy in every aspect of foreign-related work.
（三）始终坚持围绕中心、服务大局，努力为国家发展安全营造有利外部环境。习近平总书记指出，要“统筹国内国际两个大局，统筹发展安全两件大事，牢牢把握坚持和平发展、促进民族复兴这条主线，维护国家主权、安全、发展利益，为和平发展营造更加有利的国际环境，维护和延长我国发展的重要战略机遇期，为实现‘两个一百年’奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供有力保障”。党的外交外事工作始终将为我国和平发展营造有利的国际环境作为根本任务。新中国成立以来，我们根据不同时期世界格局变化和国际形势特点，不断调整对外方针政策，服务党和国家中心任务。改革开放以来，我们积极融入世界经济体系，推动开放、包容、普惠、平衡、共赢的经济全球化，倡导构建开放型世界经济，不断深化同世界各国经贸投资等领域合作。立足新发展阶段，外交外事工作要服务贯彻新发展理念、构建新发展格局、实现高质量发展，以扩大内需为战略基点，推动更大范围、更宽领域、更深层次的对外开放和互利合作，推动高质量共建“一带一路”行稳致远，不断塑造国际合作与竞争新优势。
3. We must always focus on the central tasks and serve the big-picture interests to foster an external environment favorable to China’s development and security.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has stressed the importance to “take into account both the domestic and international imperatives, work on development and security as two top priorities, focus on the overriding theme of peaceful development and national rejuvenation, safeguard China’s sovereignty, security and development interests, endeavor to foster an international environment conducive to peaceful development, and preserve and extend the period of important strategic opportunity for China’s development, so as to provide solid guarantee for accomplishing the Two Centenary Goals and realizing the Chinese Dream of great national rejuvenation.” It has always been the fundamental task of the Party’s foreign-related work to foster an international environment favorable to China’s peaceful development. Since the founding of New China, we have constantly adjusted our foreign policies in light of the evolving international landscape and global trends in different periods to serve the central tasks of the Party and the country. Since the launch of reform and opening up, China has been actively integrated into the world economic system, promoted economic globalization that is open, inclusive, balanced and beneficial for all, championed the development of an open world economy, and deepened economic, trade, and investment cooperation with countries around the world. As China enters a new stage of development, foreign-related work must be oriented toward implementing the new development philosophy, fostering a new development dynamic, and achieving high-quality development. Focusing on the strategic priority of expanding domestic demand, we will pursue opening up and mutually beneficial cooperation in a larger scope, to wider areas and at deeper levels. We will promote steady and sustained high-quality Belt and Road cooperation, and foster new strengths in international cooperation and competition.
（四）始终坚持独立自主的外交政策，坚定不移走和平发展道路。习近平总书记指出，“走和平发展道路，是我们党根据时代发展潮流和我国根本利益作出的战略抉择。”我们始终不渝坚持独立自主的外交政策，从自身的国家属性、实力地位、所处国际环境出发制定和推行符合本国国情的对外方针政策。我们始终不渝走和平发展道路、奉行互利共赢的开放战略，在独立、自主、和平、互利的原则上不断完善外交布局，推进总体稳定、均衡发展的大国关系框架，按照亲诚惠容理念和与邻为善、以邻为伴周边外交方针加强同周边国家睦邻友好关系，秉持正确义利观和真实亲诚理念增进同广大发展中国家团结合作，积极做好多边外交工作，不断打造和深化全球伙伴关系网络。
4. We must always adhere to an independent foreign policy and to the path of peaceful development.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has pointed out that to “take the path of peaceful development is a strategic choice of the CPC made in line with the trend of the times and China’s fundamental interests.” We have unswervingly followed an independent foreign policy, and formulated and promoted foreign policies suitable to China’s conditions on the basis of China’s own national attributes, position and strength, and the international environment. We have unswervingly pursued the path of peaceful development and a win-win strategy of opening up, and steadily advanced our diplomatic agenda based on the principles of independence, peace and mutual benefit. We have worked to foster a framework of major-country relations featuring overall stability and balanced development, strengthened good neighborliness and friendly relations with neighboring countries according to the principle of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness and the policy of forging friendship and partnership with neighboring countries, enhanced solidarity and cooperation with other developing countries by prioritizing the greater good over our own interests and following the principle of sincerity, real results, amity and good faith, and actively engaged in multilateral diplomacy to build and deepen a global network of partnerships with other countries.
（五）始终坚持斗争精神，敢于斗争，善于斗争，坚定维护国家主权、安全、发展利益。习近平总书记强调，“我们要坚持走和平发展道路，但决不能放弃我们的正当权益，决不能牺牲国家核心利益。任何外国不要指望我们会拿自己的核心利益做交易，不要指望我们会吞下损害我国主权、安全、发展利益的苦果。”面对国际风云变幻和外部风险挑战，我们党始终坚持斗争精神，始终坚持贯彻总体国家安全观，统筹发展和安全两件大事，全力维护国家根本利益。今后中国越是发展壮大，我们遇到的各种阻力和风险就会越突出，维护国家主权、安全、发展利益的任务就越艰巨繁重，就越要开展具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争。
5. We must preserve the fighting spirit and always be prepared and skillful in responding to various challenges to resolutely defend China’s sovereignty, security and development interests.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized, “While adhering to peaceful development, we will never relinquish our legitimate rights and interests, or allow China’s core interests to be compromised. No country should ever expect China to trade off its core interests or swallow the bitter fruit that undermines its sovereignty, security and development interests.” In the face of a constantly shifting international environment and external risks and challenges, the Party has always kept up its fighting spirit, always taken a holistic approach to national security and coordinated the development and security imperatives, and has spared no effort to uphold China’s fundamental interests. As China continues to grow stronger, we are to encounter still greater obstacles and risks and face even more arduous tasks in upholding our sovereignty, security and development interests. This makes it all the more imperative that we undertake a great struggle with many new features of the times.
（六）始终坚持站在发展中国家一边，不断巩固与发展中国家的团结合作。习近平总书记指出，“我国是世界最大发展中国家的国际地位没有变”，“中国坚持把发展中国家作为对外政策的基础，坚持正确义利观，永远做发展中国家的可靠朋友和真诚伙伴”。坚持发展中国家定位既是党的基本路线和我国的现实国情决定的，也是今后一个时期我们对外工作中必须牢牢把握的重要方针。我国将长期同发展中国家携手并肩，实现共同发展、共同繁荣。
6. We must always stand alongside developing countries and steadily enhance solidarity and cooperation with developing countries.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has observed that “China’s international status as the world’s largest developing country has not changed” and that “China always takes developing countries as the foundation of its foreign policy. China will place the greater good above its own interests, and always remain a reliable friend and sincere partner for other developing countries.” To uphold China’s developing-country status is required by the Party’s basic line as well as the country’s actual condition, and it is also an important policy that we will firmly adhere to in foreign-related work for the coming period. Over the long term, China will continue to stand hand in hand and shoulder to shoulder with other developing countries to realize common development and shared prosperity.
（七）始终坚持实事求是，锐意开拓创新，推动党的外交外事工作不断开创新局面。习近平总书记指出，“实事求是，是马克思主义的根本观点，是中国共产党人认识世界、改造世界的根本要求，是我们党的基本思想方法、工作方法、领导方法”，开拓创新“永远是中国共产党人应该具有的历史担当”。实事求是、开拓创新是我们党的事业不断取得新成就的重要法宝，也是我们党外交外事工作理论和实践与时俱进、守正出新的重要原则。我们党始终从中国人民和世界人民共同利益出发，立足不断发展变化的国际形势，根据事情本身的是非曲直来确定对外方针政策，不断摸索和总结规律性认识和方法，承前启后，继往开来，开创了中国特色大国外交新局面。
7. We must always seek truth from facts and continue to pioneer and innovate to open up new horizons in the Party’s foreign-related work.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has noted that “seeking truth from facts is a fundamental tenet of Marxism, as well as an absolute requirement on Chinese Communists as they work to understand and transform the world, and a basic approach by which the CPC should think, work and lead” and that “pioneering and innovating is always a historical duty that Chinese Communists shall take upon themselves.” Seeking truth from facts, pioneering and innovating are the real secrets behind the Party’s continued success. They are also the important principles for ensuring that the Party’s diplomatic theories and practice keep up with the times, are carried forward and make steady new progress. The Party establishes China’s foreign policies by always acting on the common interests of the Chinese people and people around the world, taking into consideration the evolving international situation, and making judgment on the real merit of each matter concerned. Through exploring and summarizing the underlying laws and methods of foreign-related work, the Party has built on past experience and broken new ground in advancing major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics.
（八）始终坚持统筹维护自身利益与促进世界共同发展，推动构建人类命运共同体。习近平总书记强调，“中国共产党始终把为人类作出新的更大的贡献作为自己的使命”，“我们呼吁，各国人民同心协力，构建人类命运共同体，建设持久和平、普遍安全、共同繁荣、开放包容、清洁美丽的世界”。我们党是为中国人民谋幸福的政党，也是为人类进步事业而奋斗的政党。中国共产党和中国人民始终是世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者，坚定支持联合国在国际事务中的核心作用，坚定维护联合国宪章的宗旨和原则。正是基于我们党一贯的崇高理想和追求，我们要始终高举和平、发展、合作、共赢的旗帜，始终站在时代潮流前列，同各国一道把人类和平与发展的崇高事业推向前进，这反映了世界各国谋和平、求发展、促合作、图共赢的普遍心声。
8. We must always integrate efforts to uphold China’s interests with those to promote common development of the world, and work for a community with a shared future for mankind.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has underlined that “to make new and greater contributions to mankind is our Party’s abiding mission” and that “we call on the people of all countries to work together to build a community with a shared future for mankind, and to build an open, inclusive, clean, and beautiful world that enjoys lasting peace, universal security, and common prosperity.” The CPC is a political party that strives for the well-being of the Chinese people and for the cause of progress of mankind. The Party and the Chinese people are a builder of world peace, a contributor to global development, and a defender of the international order. We firmly support the UN’s central role in international affairs, and firmly uphold the purposes and principles of the UN Charter. Guided by the Party’s lofty ideals and lasting pursuit, we will always hold high the banner of peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit, always stand at the forefront of the times, and always work with other countries to advance the noble cause of peace and development for mankind. This accords with the common aspiration of all countries for peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit.
（九）始终坚持团结一切可以团结的力量。习近平总书记指出，中国“坚定不移在和平共处五项原则基础上发展同各国的友好合作，推动建设相互尊重、公平正义、合作共赢的新型国际关系”。我们秉持“志同道合是伙伴，求同存异也是伙伴”，我国同世界各国和各地区的伙伴关系不断发展。我们不以意识形态划线，不搞“小圈子”，坚持以共同利益为纽带、以合作共赢为原则发展同世界各国友好合作关系，我们的朋友遍天下。
9. We must always work to unite all forces that can be united.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has made it clear that “China remains firm in its commitment to strengthening friendly and cooperative relations with other countries on the basis of the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence, and to forging a new form of international relations featuring mutual respect, fairness, justice, and win-win cooperation.” Guided by the belief that while those sharing the same ideal and following the same path are partners, those seeking common ground and shelving differences are also partners, China has steadily developed partnerships with countries and regions around the world. We do not draw lines along ideology or form exclusive blocs. Instead, we are committed to developing friendship and cooperation with other countries on the basis of shared interests and win-win cooperation. Such an approach has won us more and more friends the world over.
（十）始终坚持建设一支忠于党、忠于国家、忠于人民，政治坚定、业务精湛、作风过硬、纪律严明的外交外事干部队伍。习近平总书记强调，外交外事干部队伍要永葆对党忠诚、为国奉献的赤子心，永葆开拓奋进、担当有为的事业心，永葆主动学习、自我革新的进取心，永葆党要管党、从严治党的责任心。习近平总书记非常关心和重视外交外事干部队伍建设，在2018年中央外事工作会议上，强调在新形势下要建设好对外工作队伍，加强理想信念教育，提高外交外事干部队伍的专业能力和综合素质，勉励全体外交外事工作者再接再厉、埋头苦干，展现新气象新作为，开辟新局面新境界，不断谱写新时代中国特色大国外交新篇章。多年来，一代又一代外交外事干部忠于党、忠于国家、忠于人民，甘于奉献，忘我工作，为我们党和国家、为祖国人民作出了重要贡献。
10. We must always emphasize the importance of cultivating a strong contingent for foreign-related work that are loyal to the Party, the country and the people, and are politically solid, professionally competent, have high integrity and are strictly disciplined.
General Secretary Xi Jinping has emphasized that those engaged in foreign-related work must always keep a sense of dedication to remain loyal to the Party and to the service of the country, a sense of enterprise to keep making new headway and active contribution, a sense of initiative to embrace constant learning and self-reform, and a sense of responsibility to exercise Party self-governance and rigorous Party discipline. General Secretary Xi Jinping cares deeply about and attaches great importance to the building of a strong contingent for foreign-related work. At the Central Conference on Work Relating to Foreign Affairs in 2018, he highlighted the importance of building such a contingent in external work under new circumstances by intensifying education on ideals and beliefs, and by boosting professional competence and overall preparedness. He encouraged all those engaged in foreign-related work to redouble their efforts and work in real earnest, demonstrate new morale and break new ground, and write a new chapter in China’s major-country diplomacy with Chinese characteristics in the new era. Over the years, generation after generation of people engaged in foreign-related work, with utmost loyalty to the Party, the country and the people and through selfless dedication, have worked unremittingly and contributed a significant part to the cause of the Party, the country and our people.
归根结底，最重要的一条经验就是，始终坚持党中央对外交外事工作的集中统一领导，这是百年来党的外交外事工作披荆斩棘、攻坚克难，不断从一个胜利走向又一个胜利的根本保证。历史和实践反复证明，唯有始终坚持党中央对外交外事工作的集中统一领导，我们才能在国际风云变幻中始终牢牢把握外交外事工作的正确方向；只有始终坚持党中央对外交外事工作的集中统一领导，我们才能在重大历史关头和关键节点统一思想、统一行动，坚定信心、保持定力，临危不惧、勇毅前行；只有始终坚持党中央对外交外事工作的集中统一领导，我们才能在面对各种复杂局面和艰难险阻时通盘谋划、统筹协调，凝聚各方力量和资源打赢对外斗争攻坚战持久战；只有始终坚持党中央对外交外事工作的集中统一领导，我们才能更好统筹国内国际两个大局、发展安全两件大事，以更宽广的战略视野推进党和国家中心工作取得新的更大成就。总之，只要毫不动摇坚持党中央对外交外事工作的集中统一领导，坚决做到“两个维护”，我们就一定能够战胜前进道路上的一切艰难险阻，就一定能够实现中华民族伟大复兴的历史伟业。
In the final analysis, of all the experience we have gained, the most important is unswerving commitment to the Party Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership. This has provided the fundamental guarantee for the Party’s foreign-related work to triumph over all difficulties and secure one victory after another through the past century. History and reality have both proven time and again the utmost importance of unswerving commitment to the Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership over foreign-related work. Only with unswerving commitment to the Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership over foreign-related work can we keep to the right direction in a changing international environment; can we stay united in mind and action, remain confident and focused, and forge ahead with courage and determination at major historical junctures and in critical moments; can we ensure holistic planning and coordination and bring together all strengths and resources available to fight tough and protracted diplomatic struggles in the face of complex and challenging situations; can we better coordinate the domestic and international imperatives as well as the development and security priorities, and gain an even broader strategic perspective so as to score still greater achievements in the central tasks of the Party and the country. In short, as long as we stay firmly committed to the Party Central Committee’s centralized, unified leadership over foreign-related work, firmly uphold General Secretary Xi Jinping’s core position in both the Party Central Committee and the Party as a whole, and firmly uphold the authority and centralized, unified leadership of the Party Central Committee, we will undoubtedly overcome any difficulty or obstacle on our way ahead and accomplish the historic mission of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.
