珍惜和平，团结合作，共赢亚太未来文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
Cherish Peace, Work Together in Unity, and Pursue a Win-Win Future for the Asia-Pacific文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
——外交部副部长乐玉成在第四届战略与安全国际论坛的演讲文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
Address by Vice Foreign Minister Le Yucheng at the Fourth International Forum on Security and Strategy文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
各位朋友：文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
Friends,文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/13106.html
大家好！很高兴见到许多老朋友和新朋友。虽然只能云端相会，但不妨碍我们沟通交流。尤其在当前这个特殊时刻，我们更有必要从不同角度观测国际风云、共话亚太大势。
Good morning. It is a great pleasure to see friends old and new. Meeting virtually will not impede our communication and exchange. At such a special moment in particular, there is a greater need to bring together different perspectives on the international developments and discuss the underlying trend in the Asia-Pacific region.
说到国际风云，最大的风暴眼无疑是乌克兰危机。虽然本次论坛的主题是亚太，我们也不得不从乌克兰说起。关于乌克兰，我本人并不陌生，我上大学读的是俄罗斯语言文学，对斯拉夫民族的了解就是从基辅罗斯开始的。后来因为工作关系，我多次访问乌克兰，还曾自驾从西到东穿越乌克兰。这样一个我十分熟悉的国家如今却陷入战乱，令人深感痛心和惋惜，无论如何这都不是我们愿意看到的局面。
Speaking of international developments, the crisis in Ukraine is undoubtedly the biggest eye of the storm at the moment. Though the forum today is about the Asia-Pacific, we still have to start with Ukraine. On Ukraine, I am no stranger to the country. Being a student of the Russian language and Russian literature in university, I got to know about the Slavs first from Kievan Rus. In the diplomatic career, I visited Ukraine many times, and once drove across the country, west to east, on a road trip. It is deeply distressing and lamentable that a country I am very familiar with is now embroiled in conflict. This is not what we wish to see under any circumstances.
自乌克兰危机爆发以来，中方始终积极劝和促谈，为和平发声、为和谈尽力。中方在战争爆发之初就向俄方提议启动俄乌和谈，得到俄方积极回应，迄今俄乌双方已谈了四轮。不久前习近平主席同法、德领导人举行视频峰会，强调支持和平谈判。就在昨天晚上，习近平主席应约同美国总统拜登视频通话，双方就中美关系、乌克兰局势问题谈了整整两小时，坦诚深入交换意见。习近平主席重申了中方关于乌克兰问题的基本立场，指出中方历来主张和平，反对战争；倡导维护国际法和公认的国际关系基本准则，坚持按照联合国宪章办事，主张共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，各方应该共同支持俄乌对话谈判，谈出结果，谈出和平。习近平主席引用了中国的两句老话，一句是“一个巴掌拍不响”，另一句是“解铃还须系铃人”，敦促有关各方展现政治意愿，继续对话谈判，包括美国和北约也应该同俄罗斯开展对话，解开乌克兰危机的背后症结，化解俄乌双方的安全忧虑。习近平主席还强调，确保安全的长久之道在于大国相互尊重，摒弃冷战思维，不搞阵营对抗，逐步构建均衡、有效、可持续的全球和地区安全架构。拜登总统也介绍了美方立场，表示愿同中方沟通，防止事态升级。
Since the crisis in Ukraine started, China has worked actively to promote dialogue for peace, voicing its support for peace and doing its best for talks. In the early days of the war, China proposed to Russia to hold peace talks with Ukraine, and received a positive response from the Russian side. Russia and Ukraine have since held four rounds of talks. At the recent virtual summit with leaders of France and Germany, President Xi Jinping emphasized support for peace negotiations. Last night, President Xi Jinping had a video call with US President Joe Biden upon request. The two sides had a candid and in-depth exchange of views on China-US relations and the situation in Ukraine. The call lasted for two hours. President Xi Jinping reiterated China’s basic position on the Ukraine issue. He pointed out that China stands for peace and opposes war, advocates upholding international law and universally recognized norms governing international relations. China adheres to the UN Charter and promotes the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. All sides need to jointly support Russia and Ukraine in having dialogue and negotiation that will produce results and lead to peace. President Xi Jinping quoted two Chinese sayings: “It takes two hands to clap” and “He who tied the bell to the tiger must take it off.” He urged the parties involved to demonstrate political will and keep the dialogue and negotiation going. The US and NATO should also have dialogue with Russia to address the crux of the Ukraine crisis and ease the security concerns of both Russia and Ukraine. President Xi Jinping stressed that an enduring solution to security would be for major countries to respect each other, reject the Cold War mentality, refrain from bloc confrontation, and build step by step a balanced, effective and sustainable security architecture for the region and for the world. President Biden expounded on the US position, and expressed readiness for communication with China to prevent the situation from exacerbating.
各位朋友，
Friends,
欧洲大陆是决定世界和平的关键地区，曾饱受两次世界大战的摧残，冷战后仍不太平，现在又重燃战火，让我们深感痛惜，更应促使我们深刻反思。我清晰记得，很多年前，包括乔治·凯南、基辛格、米尔斯海默在内的多位西方战略家就已经对这场危机发出预警，但局势仍然一步步走到今天，教训惨痛而深刻，追根溯源，根子还是冷战思维和强权政治。
The European continent is a key region for world peace. It was marred by two World Wars and was not tranquil after the Cold War. Now flames of war are reignited. This is indeed deeply distressing and more importantly, should prompt us to profoundly reflect. I recall clearly that several Western strategists including George Kennan, Henry Kissinger and John Mearsheimer all sounded an alarm years ago, yet the situation still comes to what we see today. The lesson is hard and painful. And the root cause lies in the Cold War mentality and power politics.
首先，不能追求单方面绝对安全。既然当年北约作出过承诺，不再东进“一英寸”，就不应出尔反尔，不断东扩，以至推进上千公里。如果再进一步东扩，就快到“莫斯科郊外”了，一个导弹七八分钟就能打到克里姆林宫，当年古巴导弹危机已经有前车之鉴。这种追求绝对安全恰恰是绝对不安全。把一个大国、尤其是核大国逼到墙角后果更是不堪设想。
First, one should not seek its own absolute security. Since NATO promised that it would move “not one inch eastward”, it should not renege on its word and keep pushing its boundary eastward by up to one thousand kilometers. Should this enlargement go further, it would be approaching the “outskirts of Moscow” where a missile could hit the Kremlin within seven or eight minutes. The Cuban Missile Crisis has offered a lesson. Such pursuit of absolute security actually leads to absolute insecurity. Pushing a major country, especially a nuclear power, to the corner would entail repercussions too dreadful to contemplate.
其次，不能搞集团政治和阵营对抗。军事集团是冷战的残留，北约和华约对峙将近半个世纪，随着苏联解体，本应和华约同时进入历史。但北约不但没有解散，反而不断强化和扩大，武力干预南联盟、伊拉克、叙利亚、阿富汗等国。近年来，甚至还跑到亚太地区耀武扬威。这样下去结果可想而知，乌克兰危机就是一个警示。
Second, bloc politics and group confrontation should be rejected. Military bloc is a Cold War vestige. NATO and the Warsaw Pact were at loggerheads for nearly half a century. With the disintegration of the Soviet Union, NATO should have been consigned to history alongside the Warsaw Pact. However, rather than breaking up, NATO has kept strengthening and expanding, and intervened militarily in countries like Yugoslavia, Iraq, Syria and Afghanistan. In recent years, it even went so far as to flex muscle in the Asia-Pacific. One could well anticipate the consequences going down this path. The crisis in Ukraine is a stern warning.
第三，不能把全球化“武器化”。中方历来反对缺乏国际法依据、没有安理会授权的单边制裁。历史经验一再证明，制裁解决不了问题，反而是“抱薪救火”，只会激化新的矛盾。现在对俄制裁越来越离谱，竟然把全球化当成武器，连体育、文化、艺术和演艺界人士都不放过，猫和树都被制裁，俄公民海外资产被无端剥夺。西方所谓“科学无国界”、“体育非政治化”、私有财产神圣不可侵犯、言论自由、契约精神等恐怕再没人相信了。这样制裁下去，人类是不是又要回到“鸡犬之声相闻、老死不相往来”的原始社会？制裁只会给老百姓带来伤害，冲击战后形成的经济金融体系，让世界经济雪上加霜，至少从近期看，粮食危机、能源危机、金融危机风险都在急剧攀升。近期油价一度飙升到每桶130多美元，欧洲天然气价格比去年同期暴涨10倍。滥用制裁将给整个世界带来灾难性后果。
Third, globalization should not be “weaponized”. China has all along opposed unilateral sanctions that have neither basis in international law nor mandate of the Security Council. History has shown time and again that instead of solving problems, imposing sanctions is like “putting out fire with firewood” and will only make things worse. Sanctions against Russia are now going to such lengths that globalization is used as a weapon, even people from the sports, cultural, art and entertainment communities are not spared, cats and trees are sanctioned, and the overseas assets of Russian citizens are seized groundlessly. The West has long espoused the ideas of “science without borders”, “non-politicization of sports”, the sanctity and inviolability of private property, freedom of speech and the spirit of honoring contracts, etc. I’m afraid no one would believe in them any more. Do these sanctions intend to bring human society back to a primitive stage where communities are isolated and have nothing to do with each other? Sanctions would only bring harm to the people, disrupt the post-war economic and financial systems, and weigh on the struggling world economy. At least from what we see lately, the risks of a food crisis, energy crisis and financial crisis are all mounting. Oil price surged to over 130 US dollars per barrel, and the price of natural gas in Europe saw a ten-fold spike over the same period last year. The abuse of sanctions will bring catastrophic consequences for the entire world.
第四，不能把小国当枪使。现在国际上出现这样一种现象，大国怕卷入矛盾冲突对自己造成伤害，便对小国开空头支票，让它们挺在前面当“马前卒”，甚至利用其打代理人战争。本来只要说一句话，承诺北约不再东扩，就可以结束危机、防止生灵涂炭，但却宁可煽风拱火，隔岸观火，一边让自己的军火商、银行家、石油大亨赚得盆满钵满，一边让小国民众去承受多年难以愈合的战争创伤，这是极不道德、极不负责任的行为。
Fourth, small countries should not be used as a pawn. As we see in the world today, some big countries do not want to get dragged into conflicts and bring harm to themselves, so they make empty promises to small countries, turn small countries into their cat’s paw and even use them to fight proxy wars. A NATO commitment of no eastward expansion could have easily ended the crisis and stopped the sufferings. Instead, one chose to fan the flames at a safe distance, watching its own arms dealers, bankers and oil tycoons make a fortune out of the war while leaving people of a small country with the wounds of war that would take years to heal. This is highly immoral and irresponsible.
各位朋友，
Friends,
乌克兰危机牵动整个世界，也给我们看待亚太形势提供了一面镜子，促使我们思考，如何才能使亚太避免重蹈乌克兰危机的覆辙？
The Ukraine crisis keeps the world on edge. It also provides a mirror for us to observe the situation in the Asia-Pacific. We cannot but ask, how can we prevent a crisis like this from happening in the Asia-Pacific?
亚太人口占全世界一半，经济总量占全球60%，是和平稳定锚、发展增长极、合作新高地，大好形势来之不易，值得各方珍惜。同时我们看到，亚太也面临着两种截然不同的选择：是共建开放包容、合作共赢的大家庭，还是奉行冷战思维，搞阵营对抗的“小圈子”？我的回答是下面的“四要四不要”。
The Asia-Pacific is home to half the world’s population, and accounts for 60% of global GDP. It is an anchor for world peace and stability, an engine for global growth and a new pace-setter in international cooperation. Such a promising situation has not come easily and should be cherished by all sides. On the other hand, the Asia-Pacific now faces two opposite choices: should we build an open and inclusive family for win-win cooperation or go for small blocs based on the Cold War mentality and group confrontation? My answer can be summed up as four “dos” and four “don’ts”:
一要珍视和平，不要破坏地区安宁。亚太近几十年来保持总体和平局面，不是上天赐予的，而是地区国家共同努力、悉心维护的结果。和平共处五项原则和万隆会议十项原则诞生于亚洲，中美“上海公报”发端于亚洲，8年前习近平主席提出共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，也是首先面向亚洲，这在今天看来意义尤为重要。任何国家都不能牺牲别国安全谋求自身所谓绝对安全，否则“吹灭别人的灯，会烧掉自己的胡子”。
First, we must cherish peace and not undermine regional tranquility. The Asia-Pacific has enjoyed overall peace for several decades. This is not a gift from heaven but the result of the joint and dedicated efforts of all countries in the region. It was in Asia that the Five Principles of Peaceful Co-existence and the ten principles of the Bandung Conference were first proposed. Asia is also the birthplace of the Shanghai Communiqué between China and the United States. Eight years ago, President Xi Jinping put forth the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security. This vision, which was oriented toward Asia in the first place, is particularly relevant in the current context. No country should pursue its so-called absolute security at the expense of other countries’ security. Otherwise, as the proverb goes, “One who tries to blow out other’s oil lamp will get his beard on fire.”
二要相互尊重，不要粗暴干涉内政。亚洲各国文明多样，国情各异，之所以能够实现半个世纪的繁荣稳定，关键在于形成了相互尊重、协商一致的“亚洲模式”。各国都要尊重彼此的主权和领土完整，坚持己所不欲、勿施于人。都有权走自己选择的发展道路，不搞强加于人、不干涉别国内政，也不需要什么“救世主”“教师爷”。
Second, we must respect each other and not wantonly interfere in others’ internal affairs. Despite the diverse civilizations and national conditions, Asian countries have sustained prosperity and stability for half a century. The key lies in the Asian way of mutual respect and consensus building. Countries should respect each other’s sovereignty and territorial integrity, and refuse to do unto others what they would not want for themselves. Every country has the right to pursue a development path chosen by itself. Imposition or interference in others’ internal affairs should be rejected, and there is no need for “saviors” or “lecturers”.
三要团结合作，不要制造分裂对抗。亚太在动荡变革世界中保持欣欣向荣，是地区各国团结奋斗的结果。如果彼此对立对抗，争吵打斗不休，地区繁荣稳定恐将毁于一旦。现在恰恰有人逆潮流而动，搞什么“印太战略”，到处惹是生非，蓄意拼凑封闭排外的“小圈子”“小集团”，把地区带上碎片化、阵营化的邪路。这样的“印太战略”与欧洲的北约东扩一样危险，如任其推行，后果不堪设想，最终会把亚太推进火坑。
Third, we must promote unity and cooperation and not create division and confrontation. The Asia-Pacific has maintained vibrancy in a fluid and changing world. This is the result of united efforts by all regional countries. If we are pit against each other and engage in incessant infighting, we would put regional prosperity and stability in serious jeopardy. Now some country insists on going against the trend to pursue the Indo-Pacific strategy, provoke trouble, put together closed and exclusive small circles or groups, and get the region off course toward fragmentation and bloc-based division. Such an Indo-Pacific Strategy is as dangerous as the NATO strategy of eastward expansion in Europe. If allowed to go on unchecked, it would bring unimaginable consequences, and ultimately push the Asia-Pacific over the edge of an abyss.
四要自立自强，不要让他人主宰自己命运。通过制造矛盾分而治之，实现“离岸平衡”，这是霸权主义惯用的手法。对此亚太各国都要保持警惕，做自己命运的主人，不为他人做嫁衣裳，不做任人摆布的棋子。以联合国宪章宗旨原则为立身之道，在国际事务中保持客观公正立场，独立作出符合自身根本利益的判断决策，实施自主、平衡、稳健的外交政策，在亚太区域一体化进程中实现联合自强。
Fourth, we must pursue independence and self-strength and not let others decide our future. Pursuing divide-and-rule by stoking tensions to achieve offshore balancing is the modus operandi of hegemony. We in Asia must all stay alert about this and keep the future firmly in our own hands, instead of simply succumbing to others’ interests or becoming an easy pawn of others. We need to take the purposes and principles of the UN Charter as the fundamental guidance, and keep an objective and just position on international affairs. We need to make independent assessments and decisions in our own best interests, pursue independent, balanced and prudent foreign policies, and seek strength through unity in the process of regional integration.
中方愿同亚太各国一道，团结在真正多边主义旗帜下，致力于持久和平、共同发展，坚持开放的地区主义，携手开创亚太命运共同体更加光明的未来。
China stands ready to work with all countries in the Asia-Pacific under the banner of true multilateralism, to promote enduring peace, common development and open regionalism, and jointly open up brighter prospects for the Asia-Pacific community with a shared future.
谢谢大家！
Thank you.
