美国的霸权霸道霸凌及其危害文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
US Hegemony and Its Perils文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
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2023年2月文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
February 2023文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
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目录文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
Contents文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
序言文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14228.html
Introduction
一、肆意妄为的政治霸权
I. Political Hegemony – Throwing Its Weight Around
二、穷兵黩武的军事霸权
II. Military Hegemony – Wanton Use of Force
三、巧取豪夺的经济霸权
III. Economic Hegemony – Looting and Exploitation
四、垄断打压的科技霸权
IV. Technological Hegemony – Monopoly and Suppression
五、蛊惑人心的文化霸权
V. Cultural Hegemony – Spreading False Narratives
结束语
Conclusion
序言
Introduction
美国在经历两次世界大战和冷战成为全球头号强国后，更加肆无忌惮，粗暴干涉别国内政，谋求霸权、维护霸权、滥用霸权，大搞颠覆渗透，动辄发动战争，贻害国际社会。
Since becoming the world’s most powerful country after the two world wars and the Cold War, the United States has acted more boldly to interfere in the internal affairs of other countries, pursue, maintain and abuse hegemony, advance subversion and infiltration, and willfully wage wars, bringing harm to the international community.
美国惯于打着民主、自由、人权的幌子，发动颜色革命，挑唆地区争端，甚至直接发动战争。美国固守冷战思维，大搞集团政治，挑动对立对抗。美国泛化国家安全，滥用出口管制，强推单边制裁。美国对国际法和国际规则合则用，不合则弃、则废，打着“基于规则的国际秩序”旗号，谋着维护自身“家法帮规”的私利。
The United States has developed a hegemonic playbook to stage “color revolutions,” instigate regional disputes, and even directly launch wars under the guise of promoting democracy, freedom and human rights. Clinging to the Cold War mentality, the United States has ramped up bloc politics and stoked conflict and confrontation. It has overstretched the concept of national security, abused export controls and forced unilateral sanctions upon others. It has taken a selective approach to international law and rules, utilizing or discarding them as it sees fit, and has sought to impose rules that serve its own interests in the name of upholding a “rules-based international order.”
本报告重在通过列举事实，揭露美国滥用政治军事、经济金融、科技文化霸权的种种恶行劣迹，让国际社会进一步看清美方做法对世界和平稳定和各国民生福祉带来的严重危害。
This report, by presenting the relevant facts, seeks to expose the U.S. abuse of hegemony in the political, military, economic, financial, technological and cultural fields, and to draw greater international attention to the perils of the U.S. practices to world peace and stability and the well-being of all peoples.
一、肆意妄为的政治霸权
I. Political Hegemony – Throwing Its Weight Around
美国长期打着所谓民主和人权旗号，企图按照美国的价值观和政治制度塑造其他国家和世界秩序。
The United States has long been attempting to mold other countries and the world order with its own values and political system in the name of promoting democracy and human rights.
美国干涉他国内政的例子比比皆是，借“推广民主”之名在拉美推行“新门罗主义”，在欧亚煽动“颜色革命”，在西亚北非策动“阿拉伯之春”，给多国带来混乱和灾难。
Instances of U.S. interference in other countries’ internal affairs abound. In the name of “promoting democracy,” the United States practiced a “Neo-Monroe Doctrine” in Latin America, instigated “color revolutions” in Eurasia, and orchestrated the “Arab Spring” in West Asia and North Africa, bringing chaos and disaster to many countries.
1823年，美国发表“门罗宣言”，讲的是“美洲是美洲人的美洲”，想的却是“美洲是美国人的美洲”，此后历届政府对拉美和加勒比地区的政策都是政治干涉、军事介入和政权颠覆。无论是敌视封锁古巴61年，还是颠覆智利阿连德政府，都是“顺我者昌，逆我者亡”。
In 1823, the United States announced the Monroe Doctrine. While touting an “America for the Americans,” what it truly wanted was an “America for the United States.”
Since then, the policies of successive U.S. governments toward Latin America and the Caribbean Region have been riddled with political interference, military intervention and regime subversion. From its 61-year hostility toward and blockade of Cuba to its overthrow of the Allende government of Chile, U.S. policy on this region has been built on one maxim-those who submit will prosper; those who resist shall perish.
2003年起，接连发生格鲁吉亚“玫瑰革命”、乌克兰“橙色革命”和吉尔吉斯斯坦“郁金香革命”。美国国务院公开承认在这些“政权更迭”中发挥了“中心作用”。美国还干预菲律宾内政，1986年和2001年以“人民力量”为名将前总统老马科斯和埃斯特拉达赶下台。
The year 2003 marked the beginning of a succession of “color revolutions” – the “Rose Revolution” in Georgia, the “Orange Revolution” in Ukraine and the “Tulip Revolution” in Kyrgyzstan. The U.S. Department of State openly admitted playing a “central role” in these “regime changes.” The United States also interfered in the internal affairs of the Philippines, ousting President Ferdinand Marcos Sr. in 1986 and President Joseph Estrada in 2001 through the so-called “People Power Revolutions.”
美国前国务卿蓬佩奥2023年1月出版新书《寸步不让》，披露美国曾计划对委内瑞拉实施干预，拟迫使马杜罗政府同反对派达成协议，剥夺委内瑞拉通过出口石油和黄金获取外汇的能力，施加经济高压，影响2018年总统选举。
In January 2023, former U.S. Secretary of State Mike Pompeo released his new book Never Give an Inch: Fighting for the America I Love. He revealed in it that the United States had plotted to intervene in Venezuela. The plan was to force the Maduro government to reach an agreement with the opposition, deprive Venezuela of its ability to sell oil and gold for foreign exchange, exert high pressure on its economy, and influence the 2018 presidential election.
美国对国际规则采取双重标准，以私利为先，毁约退群，将国内法凌驾于国际法之上。2017年4月，特朗普政府以联合国人口基金“支持和参与强迫堕胎或非自愿绝育手术”为由，宣布对该组织“断供”。美国曾于1984年、2017年两次退出联合国教科文组织。2017年，宣布退出气候变化《巴黎协定》。2018年，以对以色列“存在偏见”和“无法有效保护人权”为由，宣布退出联合国人权理事会。2019年，为不受束缚地发展先进武器，宣布退出《中导条约》。2020年，宣布退出《开放天空条约》。
The U.S. exercises double standards on international rules. Placing its self-interest first, the United States has walked away from international treaties and organizations, and put its domestic law above international law. In April 2017, the Trump administration announced that it would cut off all U.S. funding to the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) with the excuse that the organization “supports, or participates in the management of a programme of coercive abortion or involuntary sterilization.” The United States quit UNESCO twice in 1984 and 2017. In 2017, it announced leaving the Paris Agreement on climate change. In 2018, it announced its exit from the UN Human Rights Council, citing the organization’s “bias” against Israel and failure to protect human rights effectively. In 2019, the United States announced its withdrawal from the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty to seek unfettered development of advanced weapons. In 2020, it announced pulling out of the Treaty on Open Skies.
美国还反对《禁止生物武器公约》核查议定书谈判，妨碍国际社会对各国生物武器活动进行核查，成为生物军控进程的“绊脚石”。作为世界上唯一拥有化学武器库存的国家，美国多次推迟化学武器销毁时间，消极履行义务，成为建立“无化武世界”的最大障碍。
The United States has also been a stumbling block to biological arms control by opposing negotiations on a verification protocol for the Biological Weapons Convention (BWC) and impeding international verification of countries’ activities relating to biological weapons. As the only country in possession of a chemical weapons stockpile, the United States has repeatedly delayed the destruction of chemical weapons and remained reluctant in fulfilling its obligations. It has become the biggest obstacle to realizing “a world free of chemical weapons.”
美国借助盟友体系拉帮结派。在亚太地区强推“印太战略”，纠集“五眼联盟”“四边机制”“美英澳三边安全伙伴关系”，大搞封闭排他的小圈子，强迫地区国家选边站队，实质是制造地区分裂、煽动对抗、破坏和平。
The United States is piecing together small blocs through its alliance system. It has been forcing an “Indo-Pacific Strategy” onto the Asia-Pacific region, assembling exclusive clubs like the Five Eyes, the Quad and AUKUS, and forcing regional countries to take sides. Such practices are essentially meant to create division in the region, stoke confrontation and undermine peace.
美国肆意评判他国民主，公然炮制“民主对抗威权”虚假叙事，挑动隔阂分裂，煽动对立对抗。2021年12月，美国举办首届“领导人民主峰会”，践踏民主精神，制造世界分裂，遭到许多国家批评和反对。2023年3月，美国还将再次举办“领导人民主峰会”，将继续不受欢迎、不得人心。
The U.S. arbitrarily passes judgment on democracy in other countries, and fabricates a false narrative of “democracy versus authoritarianism” to incite estrangement, division, rivalry and confrontation. In December 2021, the United States hosted the first “Summit for Democracy,” which drew criticism and opposition from many countries for making a mockery of the spirit of democracy and dividing the world. In March 2023, the United States will host another “Summit for Democracy,” which remains unwelcome and will again find no support.
