中华人民共和国2022年国民经济和社会发展统计公报[1]文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
Statistical Communiqué of the People’s Republic of China on the 2022 National Economic and Social Development [1]文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
国家统计局文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
National Bureau of Statistics of China文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
2023年2月28日文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
February 28, 2023文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
2022年是党和国家历史上极为重要的一年。党的二十大胜利召开，擘画了全面建设社会主义现代化国家、以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图。面对风高浪急的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，各地区各部门坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，按照党中央、国务院决策部署，统筹国内国际两个大局，统筹疫情防控和经济社会发展，统筹发展和安全，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，着力推动高质量发展，加大宏观调控力度，应对超预期因素冲击，经济保持增长，发展质量稳步提升，创新驱动深入推进，改革开放蹄疾步稳，就业物价总体平稳，粮食安全、能源安全和人民生活得到有效保障，经济社会大局保持稳定，全面建设社会主义现代化国家新征程迈出坚实步伐。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14247.html
The year 2022 is a year of great importance in the history of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and the People’s Republic of China. The 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China was successfully held, outlining a grand blueprint for building a modern socialist country in all respects and advancing the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation on all fronts through a Chinese path to modernization. Confronted with challenges of high wind and choppy waters in the global environment as well as arduous tasks to advance reform, promote development and maintain stability at home, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, all regions and departments took Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guideline, fully implemented the decisions and arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, considered both domestic and external situations in a coordinative way, coordinated the work of Covid-19 prevention and control with economic and social development, and ensured both development and security. All regions and departments adhered to the general working guideline of making progress while maintaining stability, applied the new development philosophy in full, in the right way and in all fields of endeavor, accelerated efforts to create a new pattern of development, strove to promote high-quality development, and intensified efforts on macro control. The economy withstood impacts from factors beyond expectation, sustained growth and made steady improvement in development quality. Innovation-driven development was further promoted, and reform and opening-up was pursued at swift and steady pace. The employment and prices were generally stable, and the food and energy security as well as people’s livelihood was effectively safeguarded. The overall economic and social stability were achieved and solid strides were taken on a new journey to build a modern socialist country in all respects.
一、综合
I. General Outlook
初步核算，全年国内生产总值[2]1210207亿元，比上年增长3.0%。其中，第一产业增加值88345亿元，比上年增长4.1%；第二产业增加值483164亿元，增长3.8%；第三产业增加值638698亿元，增长2.3%。第一产业增加值占国内生产总值比重为7.3%，第二产业增加值比重为39.9%，第三产业增加值比重为52.8%。全年最终消费支出拉动国内生产总值增长1.0个百分点，资本形成总额拉动国内生产总值增长1.5个百分点，货物和服务净出口拉动国内生产总值增长0.5个百分点。全年人均国内生产总值85698元，比上年增长3.0%。国民总收入[3]1197215亿元，比上年增长2.8%。全员劳动生产率[4]为152977元/人，比上年提高4.2%。
According to preliminary estimation, the gross domestic product (GDP) [2] in 2022 was 121,020.7 billion yuan, up by 3.0 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value added of the primary industry was 8,834.5 billion yuan, up by 4.1 percent over the previous year, that of the secondary industry was 48,316.4 billion yuan, up by 3.8 percent and that of the tertiary industry was 63,869.8 billion yuan, up by 2.3 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 7.3 percent of the GDP; that of the secondary industry accounted for 39.9 percent; and that of the tertiary industry accounted for 52.8 percent. The contribution of the final consumption expenditure to GDP growth rate was up by 1.0 percentage point, that of the gross capital formation to GDP growth rate up by 1.5 percentage points and that of the net exports of goods and services to GDP growth rate up by 0.5 percentage points. The per capita GDP in 2022 was 85,698 yuan, up by 3.0 percent over the previous year. The gross national income [3] in 2022 was 119,721.5 billion yuan, up by 2.8 percent over the previous year. The overall labor productivity [4] was 152,977 yuan per person, up by 4.2 percent over the previous year.
年末全国人口[6]141175万人，比上年末减少85万人，其中城镇常住人口92071万人。全年出生人口956万人，出生率为6.77‰；死亡人口1041万人，死亡率为7.37‰；自然增长率为-0.60‰。
By the end of 2022, the total number of national population [6] reached 1,411.75 million, a decrease of 0.85 million over that at the end of 2021. Of this total, urban permanent residents numbered 920.71 million. There were 9.56 million births in 2022 with a crude birth rate of 6.77 per thousand; and there were 10.41 million deaths with a crude death rate of 7.37 per thousand. The natural growth rate was -0.60 per thousand.
年末全国就业人员73351万人，其中城镇就业人员45931万人，占全国就业人员比重为62.6%。全年城镇新增就业1206万人，比上年少增63万人。全年全国城镇调查失业率平均值为5.6%。年末全国城镇调查失业率为5.5%。全国农民工[8]总量29562万人，比上年增长1.1%。其中，外出农民工17190万人，增长0.1%；本地农民工12372万人，增长2.4%。
At the end of 2022, the number of employed people in China was 733.51 million, and that in urban areas was 459.31 million, accounting for 62.6 percent of the total employed people. The newly increased employed people in urban areas numbered 12.06 million in 2022, 0.63 million less than that of the previous year. The surveyed urban unemployment rate in 2022 averaged 5.6 percent. The surveyed urban unemployment rate at the year end was 5.5 percent. The total number of migrant workers [8] was 295.62 million, up by 1.1 percent over that of 2021. Specifically, the number of migrant workers who left their hometowns and worked in other places was 171.90 million, up by 0.1 percent, and those who worked in their own localities reached 123.72 million, up by 2.4 percent.
全年居民消费价格比上年上涨2.0%。工业生产者出厂价格上涨4.1%。工业生产者购进价格上涨6.1%。农产品生产者价格[9]上涨0.4%。12月份，70个大中城市中，新建商品住宅销售价格同比上涨的城市个数为16个，持平的为1个，下降的为53个；二手住宅销售价格同比上涨的城市个数为6个，下降的为64个。
The consumer prices in 2022 went up by 2.0 percent over the previous year. The producer prices for industrial products went up by 4.1 percent and the purchasing prices for industrial producers up by 6.1 percent. The producer prices for farm products [9] grew up by 0.4 percent. In December, out of the 70 large and medium-sized cities, 16 cities experienced a year-on-year rise in sales prices of new commercial residential buildings, one city maintained the same and 53 cities experienced a decline; 6 cities experienced a year-on-year rise in sales prices of second-hand housing, and 64 cities experienced a decline.
年末国家外汇储备31277亿美元，比上年末减少1225亿美元。全年人民币平均汇率为1美元兑6.7261元人民币，比上年贬值4.1%。
At the end of 2022, China’s foreign exchange reserves reached 3,127.7 billion US dollars, a decrease of 122.5 billion US dollars compared with that at the end of 2021. The average exchange rate of the year was 6.7261 RMB to 1 USD dollar, depreciated by 4.1 percent over that of 2021.
新产业新业态新模式较快成长。全年规模以上工业中，高技术制造业[11]增加值比上年增长7.4%，占规模以上工业增加值的比重为15.5%；装备制造业[12]增加值增长5.6%，占规模以上工业增加值的比重为31.8%。全年规模以上服务业[13]中，战略性新兴服务业[14]企业营业收入比上年增长4.8%。全年高技术产业投资[15]比上年增长18.9%。全年新能源汽车产量700.3万辆，比上年增长90.5%；太阳能电池（光伏电池）产量3.4亿千瓦，增长46.8%。全年电子商务交易额[16]438299亿元，按可比口径计算，比上年增长3.5%。全年网上零售额[17]137853亿元，按可比口径计算，比上年增长4.0%。全年新登记市场主体2908万户，日均新登记企业2.4万户，年末市场主体总数近1.7亿户。
New industries, new forms and models of business grew fast. Among the industries above the designated size, the value added of the high technology manufacturing industry [11] increased by 7.4 percent over the previous year, accounting for 15.5 percent of that of all industrial enterprises above the designated size. The value added for the manufacture of equipment [12] was up by 5.6 percent, accounting for 31.8 percent of that of all industrial enterprises above the designated size. Among the service enterprises above the designated size [13], the business revenue of the strategic emerging service industries [14] went up by 4.8 percent compared with the previous year. In 2022, the investment in high technology industries [15] increased by 18.9 percent over the previous year. In 2022, the output of new energy vehicles reached 7.003 million, up by 90.5 percent over the previous year; and that of solar cells (photovoltaic cells) was 0.34 billion kilowatts, up by 46.8 percent. In 2022, the e-commerce transactions [16] reached 43,829.9 billion yuan, up by 3.5 percent over the previous year on comparable basis. The online retail sales [17] in 2022 reached 13,785.3 billion yuan, up by 4.0 percent over the previous year on comparable basis. In 2022, the number of newly registered market entities was 29.08 million with 0.024 million market entities newly registered per day on average. By the end of 2022, the number of market entities reached nearly 0.17 billion in total.
城乡区域协调发展稳步推进。年末全国常住人口城镇化率为65.22%，比上年末提高0.50个百分点。分区域看[18]，全年东部地区生产总值622018亿元，比上年增长2.5%；中部地区生产总值266513亿元，增长4.0%；西部地区生产总值256985亿元，增长3.2%；东北地区生产总值57946亿元，增长1.3%。全年京津冀地区生产总值100293亿元，比上年增长2.0%；长江经济带地区生产总值559766亿元，增长3.0%；长江三角洲地区生产总值290289亿元，增长2.5%。粤港澳大湾区建设、黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展等区域重大战略扎实推进。
Steady progress was made in the coordinated development across urban and rural areas and different regions. By the end of 2022, the urbanization rate of permanent residents reached 65.22 percent, 0.50 percentage points higher than that at the end of 2021. By region [18], in 2022, the gross domestic product in the eastern areas was 62,201.8 billion yuan, an increase of 2.5 percent over the previous year; the central areas, 26,651.3 billion yuan, up by 4.0 percent; the western areas, 25,698.5 billion yuan, up by 3.2 percent; and the northeastern areas, 5,794.6 billion yuan, up by 1.3 percent. In 2022, the gross domestic product in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region reached 10,029.3 billion yuan, up by 2.0 percent over the previous year; that in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, 55,976.6 billion yuan, up by 3.0 percent; and that in the Yangtze River Delta, 29,028.9 billion yuan, up by 2.5 percent. Major regional strategies such as the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Areas, the ecological protection of the Yellow River Basin, and the high-quality development were further implemented.
绿色转型发展迈出新步伐。全年全国万元国内生产总值能耗[19]比上年下降0.1%。全年水电、核电、风电、太阳能发电等清洁能源发电量29599亿千瓦时，比上年增长8.5%。在监测的339个地级及以上城市中，全年空气质量达标的城市占62.8%，未达标的城市占37.2%；细颗粒物（PM2.5）年平均浓度29微克/立方米，比上年下降3.3%。3641个国家地表水考核断面中，全年水质优良（Ⅰ～Ⅲ类）断面比例为87.9%，Ⅳ类断面比例为9.7%，Ⅴ类断面比例为1.7%，劣Ⅴ类断面比例为0.7%。
New strides were made in green transformation. The national energy consumption per 10,000 yuan worth of GDP [19] in 2022 dropped by 0.1 percent over the previous year. In 2022, the electricity generated by clean energy such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and solar power was 2,959.9 billion kilowatts-hours, up by 8.5 percent over the previous year. Of the monitored 339 cities at prefecture level and above, 62.8 percent reached the air quality standard and 37.2 percent failed. The annual average concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5) was 29 micrograms per cubic meter, down by 3.3 percent over the previous year. Of the 3,641 sections under the national monitoring program for surface water, 87.9 percent were of fairly clean water quality (Grade I to III), 9.7 percent were Grade IV, 1.7 percent were Grade V and 0.7 percent were worse than Grade V national standard.
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