双语:2022年美国民主情况

摘要Full Text: The State of Democracy in the United States: 2022

三、美国强推民主制造全球乱局

III. The United States’ imposition of “democracy” has caused chaos around the world文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

尽管美国自身民主面临种种问题,但并未反躬自省,而是内病外治,仍继续在全球输出美式民主价值观,利用民主议题打压别国、谋取私利,加剧国际社会分裂和阵营对抗。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

In spite of all the problems facing its own democracy, the United States refuses to reflect on itself, but instead continues to export American democratic values to other countries, and use the pretext of democracy to oppress other countries and serve its own agenda. What the US has done is exacerbating division in the international community and bloc-based confrontation.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

(一)政治极化绑架对外政策文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

  1. Foreign policy held hostage by political polarization

 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

“政治不过海”(Politics stops at the water’s edge)是美国政界广为流传的谚语,主要是指党争应仅限于内政,对外则要保持一致。然而,随着政治极化加剧,民主共和两党在重大对外议题上的分歧越来越大,对外政策越来越“走极端”“政治过海”渐成常态,不仅给很多发展中国家带来危害,也对美国盟友构成威胁。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14320.html

 

“Politics stops at the water’s edge” is a popular proverb in American political circles, which means that partisan struggle should be confined to domestic politics and that a united front should be formed when dealing with foreign affairs. However, with the intensification of political polarization, Democrats and Republicans are increasingly divided on major foreign affairs issues, and America’s foreign policy has become more and more “extreme”. “Politics crossing the water’s edge” has become the norm. It is not only harmful to many developing countries, but also poses a threat to America’s own allies.

 

新冠疫情发生以来,特朗普政府和一些极端政客在病毒溯源问题上针对中国炮制种种谎言谣言。最为典型的是,2021年美国情报部门发布所谓新冠病毒溯源问题报告,罔顾科学溯源规律,编造“武汉病毒研究所泄漏病毒”,诬蔑中国缺乏透明度和阻挠国际调查。溯源是个科学问题,美方此举真实目的是妄图混淆视听,操弄溯源问题,对中国甩锅推责、遏制打压,充分暴露美式民主的虚伪和政治极化恶果。

 

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, the Trump administration and some extreme politicians have concocted all kinds of lies and rumors against China on coronavirus origins-tracing. The most typical is in 2021, when the US intelligence agency issued the so-called origins-tracing report, which, in total disregard of science, fabricated the “lab leak” story and claimed that China lacked transparency and obstructed international investigations. Tracing the origins of the coronavirus is a matter of science, but the true purpose of the US’ doing is to obscure the views of the public and manipulate the issue to shift the blame onto China and suppress and contain China. This fully exposes the hypocrisy of American democracy and the ill effects of political polarization.

 

拜登政府上台后,长达20年的阿富汗战争以美军仓促撤离告终。美国打烂了一个国家,毁掉了几代人的前途,最后一走了之。美军虽然撤了,但美国政府继续对阿富汗实施制裁,非法冻结阿央行资产,当地民众生活雪上加霜。2022年5月,联合国发布报告显示,阿富汗近2000万人面临严重饥荒。2022年6月,阿富汗发生强烈地震,美国仍拒不解除制裁。

 

Under the Biden administration, the US ended 20 years of war in Afghanistan with a hasty withdrawal of troops. It just walked away, after shattering a whole country and destroying the future of several generations. Although its troops have left, the US government continued to sanction Afghanistan, and illegally froze the assets of the Afghan central bank, making life even worse for the local people. A UN-backed report published in May 2022 showed that nearly 20 million people in Afghanistan were facing acute hunger. Even after the devastating earthquake in Afghanistan in June 2022, the US still refused to lift the sanctions.

 

美国政治极化产生外溢影响。加拿大渥太华大学发布报告称,美国一些保守派政客和福克斯新闻等媒体公开对加拿大极右翼分子表达支持,这对加拿大民主构成的威胁比其他任何国家都更大,需要思考美国民主倒退对加拿大的影响。加拿大阿尔伯塔大学教授戈登·拉克瑟认为,促使美国走向专制的力量已经存在。加拿大人长期以来一直认为,美国是我们最好的朋友并将永远支持民主,但这再也不能被视为理所当然。

 

Political polarization in the US is spilling over. According to a report released by the University of Ottawa, there is open support from conservative media, including Fox News, and conservative politicians in the US for the far-right extremists in Canada. It represents a greater threat to Canadian democracy than the actions of any other state, and the implications of democratic backsliding in the US for Canada must be reflected upon. Professor Gordon Laxer at the University of Alberta believes the forces moving the US toward autocracy already exist. It is ingrained among Canadians that the US is their greatest friend and will always champion democracy. That can no longer be taken for granted.

 

(二)借民主旗号煽动对抗冲突

 

2. Inciting confrontation and conflict in the name of democracy

 

民主是全人类共同价值,不应被用来作为推进地缘战略、违逆人类发展进步的工具。但长期以来,美国为维护自身霸权,将“民主”概念私有化,打着民主旗号煽动分裂制造对抗,破坏以联合国为核心的国际体系和以国际法为基础的国际秩序。

 

Democracy is a common value of humanity and must not be used as a tool to advance geopolitical agenda or counter human development and progress. However, in order to maintain its hegemony, the US has long been monopolizing the definition of “democracy”, instigating division and confrontation in the name of democracy, and undermining the UN-centered international system and the international order underpinned by international law.

 

乌克兰危机自2022年初爆发至今,重创乌克兰经济民生。2022年10月,世界银行发布报告指出,乌克兰战后重建至少需要3490亿美元,相当于乌克兰2021年全年经济总量的1.5倍。乌克兰危机爆发后,美国视其为从中渔利的机会,非但没有做出任何有利于停战的举措,反而不断拱火浇油,在军工、能源等领域大发战争横财。美国还把向乌克兰提供武器描述为“民主对抗威权”。2022年7月,塞尔维亚战略预测中心发布报告指出,在美国眼里,俄罗斯1999年对车臣首府格罗兹尼发动的袭击是犯罪,而美国在同格罗兹尼差不多大的伊拉克城市费卢杰采取的同样行动就是解放。美国所谓的民主早已被利益集团和资本绑架,给世界带来的是动荡和混乱。

 

Since its outbreak in early 2022, the Ukraine crisis has hit the country’s economy and the livelihood of its people hard. In October 2022, the World Bank released a report suggesting that Ukraine would need at least US$349 billion, or 1.5 times the country’s total economic output for the whole year of 2021, to rebuild after the war. The US saw the Ukraine crisis as a lucrative opportunity. Instead of taking any measures conducive to ending hostilities, the US kept fueling the flames and made a huge fortune from the war business including the arms industry and the energy sector. It described its arms supply to Ukraine as a move to support “democracy versus authoritarianism”. A July 2022 report by Serbia’s Center for Strategic Prognosis pointed out that the US saw Russia’s 1999 attack on Grozny, the capital of Chechnya, as a crime, but called a similar American operation in Fallujah, an Iraqi city about the size of Grozny, liberation. America’s so-called democracy has long been hijacked by interest groups and capital, and brought instability and chaos to the world.

 

2022年8月,时任美国国会众议长佩洛西不顾中方坚决反对与严正交涉,执意窜访中国台湾地区。这是一起升级美台官方交往的重大政治挑衅,加剧了台海局势紧张。而佩洛西本人却辩称,“访台彰显美国对台湾民主的坚定支持”。佩洛西窜台问题的实质绝不是什么民主问题,而是事关中国主权和领土完整的问题。其所作所为绝不是对民主的捍卫和维护,而是对中国主权与领土完整的挑衅和侵犯。佩洛西的狡辩连一些美国政客都看不下去。共和党联邦众议员格林质疑佩洛西:“掌控几十年的权力,而整个国家却在崩溃,这种捍卫民主的假勇气已经够多了。”

 

In August 2022, then US House Speaker Nancy Pelosi made a provocative visit to China’s Taiwan region in disregard of China’s firm opposition and serious representations. It was a major political provocation that upgraded official contact between the US and Taiwan, and aggravated tensions across the Taiwan Strait. Yet, Pelosi argued that the visit “honors America’s unwavering commitment to supporting Taiwan’s vibrant democracy”. The crux of Pelosi’s provocative visit is not about democracy, but China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. The US action was by no means defending or preserving democracy, but challenging and violating China’s sovereignty and territorial integrity. Pelosi’s fallacy was unbearable even to some US politicians. Republican Congresswoman Marjorie Greene challenged Pelosi, saying that “Americans have had enough with a woman obsessed with her own power she’s held for decades while our entire country crumbles ... Enough of this fake ‘courage’ defending democracy.”

 

国际社会对美方做法看得越来越清楚。俄罗斯联邦安全会议副主席梅德韦杰夫表示,美国自诩为“最高祭司”,披着“民主真理”的外衣在全世界制造混乱,借助金钱、同盟、高端武器等手段粗暴输出自身意志。埃及“金字塔在线”刊文称,所谓“自由民主”的意识形态已被武器化,被美国用来破坏他国的稳定,干涉他国内政,对他国政府进行去合法化,而这些干涉往往产生严重负面影响,都与美国宣称要推进的民主和自由无关。印尼人民浪潮党总主席阿尼斯·玛塔指出,美国擅长把其他国家变成战场,印尼的政治极化是美国在背后一手策划的,在印尼出现的反华声音也是美国的政治议程之一,穆斯林社会必须对此警惕。

 

The international community is seeing the US approach more and more clearly. Dmitry Medvedev, Deputy Chairman of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, wrote that the US, as a self-proclaimed “high priest”, has wreaked havoc around the world under the disguise of “true democracy”, and used money, allies and high-end weapons to crudely impose its will. An article published on Ahram Online, an Egyptian news website, argued that “liberalism” and “democracy” had been turned into a weaponized ideology that the US uses to destabilize other countries, delegitimize their governments, and intervene with forms of sociopolitical engineering that often backfires in drastic ways. None of it has to do with the liberalism, democracy and freedom the US claims to promote. Chairman of the Indonesian People’s Wave Party Anis Matta pointed out that American cleverness is making other countries a battlefield. Anti-China sentiment and polarization in Indonesia are also America’s work. Muslims must understand that.

 

(三)单边制裁变本加厉

 

3. Doubling down on unilateral sanctions

 

长期以来,美国依据国内法,基于自身价值观,打着人权民主等旗号,对他国实施单边制裁和“长臂管辖”。过去几十年,美国对古巴、白俄罗斯、叙利亚、津巴布韦等国家实施单边制裁和长臂管辖,对朝鲜、伊朗、委内瑞拉等极限施压,以埃及人权状况为改善为由单方面冻结对埃1.3亿美元的军事援助,严重破坏这些国家的经济发展和民生改善,危及生命权、挑战自决权、损害发展权,构成对他国人权的持续性、系统性、大规模侵犯。近年来,美国发起的单边制裁越来越多,长臂越伸越长,为了维护美国霸权,不顾国际法和国际关系基本准则,肆意损害别国利益,特别是发展中国家正当合法权益。

 

Under the pretext of human rights and democracy, the US has long been using unilateral sanctions and “long-arm jurisdiction” against other countries based on its domestic laws and its own values. In the past decades, the US imposed unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction on Cuba, Belarus, Syria, Zimbabwe and other countries, placed maximum pressure on countries including the DPRK, Iran and Venezuela, and unilaterally froze US$130 million in military aid to Egypt under the excuse of the country’s lack of progress in human rights. Such actions have seriously damaged the economic development and people’s livelihood in the countries concerned, and jeopardized the right to life, the right to self-determination and the right to development, constituting a continual, systematic and massive violation of human rights in other countries. In recent years, US unilateral sanctions have been increasing and its “long arm” has been extending further. In order to preserve its hegemony, the US has wilfully harmed the interests of other countries, especially the legitimate and lawful interests of developing countries, in disregard of international law and the basic norms of international relations.

 

2022年3月,土耳其阿纳多卢通讯社发表文章,揭露美国打着“民主”旗号,以莫须有罪名侵略伊拉克,给当地人民带来沉重苦难。一是滥施制裁恶化当地民生。1990年至2003年间,美国对伊拉克施加严厉经济制裁,严重恶化当地经济和民众生活。据联合国粮农组织数据,受美国制裁和禁运影响,伊拉克饥饿率居高不下,仅1990年至1995年,就有50万伊拉克儿童因饥饿或恶劣生存条件而丧生。二是连年战乱造成大量百姓伤亡。据伊拉克卫生部数据,从2003年美国发动伊拉克战争到2011年宣布撤军,约有12万伊拉克平民因战争丧生。三是粗暴嫁接政治模式水土不服。美国无视伊拉克国情,强推美式民主,加剧伊拉克各派政治斗争。

 

An article published by the Turkish Anadolu News Agency in March 2022 argued that in the name of promoting democracy, the US invaded Iraq on unsubstantiated grounds and brought immense sufferings to the local population. First, the abuse of sanctions aggravated livelihood challenges. Between 1990 and 2003, the severe economic sanctions by the US took a heavy toll on the local economy and the well-being of the Iraqi people. According to the UN Food and Agriculture Organization, the hunger rate in Iraq reached a very high level as a result of the US sanctions and embargo. Between 1990 and 1995 alone, 500,000 Iraqi children died of hunger and poor living conditions. Second, the incessant war caused enormous civilian casualties. According to the Iraqi Ministry of Health, about 120,000 Iraqi civilians were killed between 2003, when the US started the Iraq War, and 2011, when the US announced its withdrawal. Third, the imposed political model failed to adapt. The US forced the American-style democracy upon Iraq in disregard of the latter’s national conditions, only to aggravate the political fight between different factions in the country.

 

美国的单边制裁行动充分表现出美国的傲慢和对人道主义的漠视。2022年2月11日,拜登总统签署行政令,要求将阿富汗中央银行约70亿美元的在美资产均分,一半作为赔偿“9·11”事件受害者的资金来源,另一半则转移至纽约联邦储备银行的一个账户。美国这种公开劫掠阿富汗人民财产的霸权行径遭到国际社会普遍谴责。2022年3月,印尼《环印尼报》网站报道,阿富汗裔民众在美国驻印尼使馆前示威,抗议美国政府侵吞阿富汗政府资产。抗议者义愤填膺地表示,阿富汗前政府资产应归阿富汗人民所有,应该用于援助遭遇经济危机的阿富汗民众。

 

The unilateral sanctions imposed by the US fully demonstrate its arrogance and indifference toward humanitarianism. On 11 February 2022, President Biden signed an executive order to split in half the US$7 billion in Afghan central bank assets frozen in the US. Half of the assets were to fund financial compensations for 9/11 victims, and the other half were transferred to an account at the Federal Reserve Bank of New York. Such blatant stealing from the Afghan people has been widely condemned by the international community. SINDOnews.com, a news website of Indonesia, reported in March 2022 that people of Afghan descent rallied at the US Embassy in Jakarta to protest the US government’s looting of assets from the Afghan government. The indignant protesters argued that the assets of the former Afghan government belonged to the Afghan people and should be used to aid the Afghan people who were experiencing an economic crisis.

 

(四)肆意破坏国际关系民主化

 

  1. Undermining democracy in international relations

 

国际事务是人类公益,应当由各国商量着办,但美国在国际关系中从来没有真正遵循过民主原则。美国披着“多边主义”和“规则”外衣,固守冷战思维,大搞伪多边主义和集团政治,挑动分裂对立,制造集团对抗,假多边主义之名,行单边主义之实,其霸权霸道霸凌行径严重破坏真正多边主义的发展。

 

International affairs bear on the common interests of mankind, and should be conducted through consultation by all countries. Yet, the US has never truly observed the principle of democracy in international relations. Under the pretext of “multilateralism” and “international rules”, and clinging to the Cold War mentality, the US has exercised fake multilateralism and bloc politics, instigated division and antagonism, created bloc confrontation, and practiced unilateralism in the name of multilateralism. Its hegemonic, domineering and bullying acts seriously impede the development of true multilateralism.

 

美国将国内法凌驾于国际法之上,对国际规则采取合则用、不合则弃的实用主义态度。20世纪80年代以来,美国曾退出联合国人权理事会、世卫组织、联合国教科文组织、气候变化《巴黎协定》、伊朗核问题全面协议、《武器贸易条约》、《中导条约》、《开放天空条约》等17个重要的国际组织或协议。

 

The US places its domestic law above international law, and adopts a selective approach to international rules, applying and discarding such rules as it sees fit. Since the 1980s, the US has withdrawn from 17 important international organizations or agreements, including the UN Human Rights Council, WHO, UNESCO, the Paris Agreement on climate change, the JCPOA, the Arms Trade Treaty, the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty and the Treaty on Open Skies.

 

美国公然违反《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则以及国际关系基本准则,四处发动战争,制造分裂冲突。美国建国以来240多年历史中,仅有16年没有打仗,堪称世界历史上最好战的国家。二战结束以来,美国在海外发动或参与了朝鲜战争、越南战争、阿富汗战争、伊拉克战争等多场战争,造成极为严重的平民伤亡和财产损失,导致巨大人道主义灾难。2001年以来,美国以反恐之名发动的战争和军事行动已造成超过90万人死亡,其中约有33.5万是平民,数百万人受伤,数千万人流离失所。

 

The US flagrantly violates the purposes and principles of the UN Charter and the basic norms governing international relations, waging wars and creating division and conflict across the world. Throughout its history of 240-plus years, the US has been at peace for only 16 years – it is indeed the most belligerent country in world history. Since the end of World War II, the US has waged or participated in many wars overseas, including the Korean War, the Vietnam War, the War in Afghanistan and the Iraq War, which caused immense civilian casualties and property losses as well as humanitarian catastrophes. Since 2001, the wars and military operations that the US launched in the name of fighting terrorism have killed more than 900,000 people, including some 335,000 civilians, injured millions and displaced tens of millions.

 

美国无视《联合国海洋法公约》和国际法原则,无视亚太国家和太平洋岛国在国际地区事务中的民主权利,在日本政府迄未就福岛核污水处置问题同利益攸关方和有关国际机构充分协商、未提供足够的科学和事实依据、未解决国际社会正当关切情况下,公然支持日排污决定,为日撑腰。另一方面,美政府却以“放射性核素污染”为由,禁止进口日本福岛周边地区食品农产品,凸显“美式双标”虚伪。

 

Paying no heed to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea and principles of international law, or to the democratic rights of Asia-Pacific countries and Pacific island countries in regional and international affairs, the US has emboldened Japan by expressly supporting its decision to discharge the nuclear waste water from Fukushima, even though the government of Japan has not yet fully consulted stakeholders and relevant international agencies on the disposal, not yet provided sufficient scientific and factual grounds for its behavior, and not yet addressed the legitimate concerns of the international community. On the other hand, the US administration, citing “radionuclide contamination”, banned the import of Japanese food and agricultural products from areas around Fukushima, exposing the hypocrisy of typical US-style double standards.

 

美国在南太地区推行冷战思维,伙同英国、澳大利亚拼凑“三边安全伙伴关系”,大搞种族主义“小圈子”,承诺同英帮澳建造至少8艘核潜艇。美方行径既严重违背《不扩散核武器条约》和《南太平洋无核区条约》精神,在核扩散边缘疯狂试探,带来巨大风险隐患;同时也开启地区军备竞赛的“潘多拉魔盒”,给地区和平、安全和稳定蒙上阴影。

 

Advancing the Cold War mentality in the South Pacific region, the US has ganged up with the UK and Australia to put together AUKUS, a racist clique, and pledged to help Australia build at least eight nuclear submarines together with the UK. The move constitutes a serious violation of the principles of the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons and the South Pacific Nuclear Free Zone Treaty, treading a reckless line on the brink of nuclear proliferation and creating tremendous risks. It has also opened the Pandora’s box of regional arms race, casting a shadow over regional peace, security and stability.

 

2022年6月第九届美洲峰会召开前夕,巴拿马国际问题专家胡里奥·姚在当地媒体撰文称,今天的美国是国际法的绝对叛徒,是国际关系中使用粗暴蛮力最真实的化身。美国是唯一没有签署或批准任何人权条约的国家,也未批准《联合国海洋法公约》。美国是唯一一个未禁止秘密生物武器的国家,在境外拥有两百多个实验室。美国举办美洲峰会的唯一目的,就是把拉美卷入乌克兰战争,并达到分裂和削弱拉美的目的。

 

Prior to the ninth Summit of the Americas in June 2022, Julio Yao, a Panamanian expert on international issues, wrote in local media that today’s US is an absolute renegade of international law, and the most genuinely authentic personification of the use of brute force in international relations. The US is the only country that has not signed or ratified any human rights treaty, and is not a party to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea. It is the only country that does not ban secret biological weapons, with more than 200 laboratories outside its borders. The only thing that the US intends to do with the Summit of the Americas is to involve Latin America and the Caribbean in the war in Ukraine and to divide and weaken them.

 

2022年8月,《南华早报》刊文称,美西方等所谓“民主国家”无情削弱国际规则基础,只在对自己有利时加以利用。美西方在谴责俄罗斯“入侵”乌克兰的同时,全然忘记了自己在全球开展的一系列干预颠覆行动。美国的做法破坏了世界经济,让更多中等收入国家陷入债务危机。当强国有选择性地遵循自己制定的规则时,整个体系就失去了可信度。

 

In August 2022, a South China Morning Post article noted that the so-called “democracies” of the US and the West have been relentlessly chipping away at the foundations of international rules and exploiting them when it’s convenient. While the US and the West denounce Russia’s “invasion” of Ukraine, they forget their serial interventions, subversions and interference across the globe. What the US did has smashed up the world economy, thereby exposing more middle-income countries to debt crises. When the big powers are selective in following the rules they wrote, the whole system loses credibility.

 

(五)炮制“民主对抗威权”虚假叙事

 

  1. Foisting a trumped-up narrative of “democracy versus authoritarianism” 

 

当前,美国政府抱持冷战思维,沿袭霸权逻辑,推行集团政治,炮制“民主对抗威权”叙事,给有关国家扣上“威权”的帽子,实质是打着民主旗号,将意识形态和价值观作为打压他国、推进地缘战略的工具。

 

Harboring the Cold War mentality, a hegemonic logic and a preference for bloc politics, the US administration has framed a narrative of “democracy versus authoritarianism”, and labeled countries as “autocracies”, with a view to using ideology and values as a tool to suppress other countries and advance its own geostrategy under the disguise of democracy.

 

2021年,美国举办首届“领导人民主峰会”,公然以意识形态划线,人为将国际社会分成所谓“民主和不民主阵营”,遭到包括美国社会自身在内的多方质疑。《外交事务》《外交学人》刊文批评民主峰会是找错了目标,不但未能实现民主国家团结,反而因参加国代表性问题饱受批评。美国历来在全球推行民主都缺乏既定目标,被吹得天花乱坠的口号往往落实缓慢。在美国自身民主情况如此糟糕形势下,召开民主峰会不仅不能提振全球民主,反而制造出更大地缘政治危机。日本国际战略研究所理事长田中均指出,美国将所谓“民主”强加于他国,发起“民主对抗威权”,扩大世界分裂,日本不应盲目跟随。

 

In 2021, the US held the first “Summit for Democracy”, attempting to divide the international community into so-called “democratic and undemocratic camps” by openly drawing an ideological line. The move drew questions extensively, including from within the US. Both Foreign Affairs and The Diplomat carried articles criticizing the summit as chasing the wrong goal, not only failing to achieve unity among democratic countries, but also drawing criticism for the representation issue. The US has long lacked a set goal in its promotion of democracy around the world, and has been slow in following up its rhetoric. When democracy in the US is in such a mess, holding a democracy summit cannot boost democracy around the world, but more likely create a greater geopolitical crisis. Hitoshi Tanaka, Chairman of the Institute for International Strategy of Japan, pointed out that the US has been imposing “democracy” on other countries, advancing the “democracy versus authoritarianism” campaign, and expanding global division. Japan should not blindly follow suit.

 

把本国定义为民主,把别国定义为威权,这本身就是不民主的表现。所谓“民主对抗威权”不是当今世界的特点,更不符合时代发展的潮流。白俄罗斯国家电视一台评称,峰会与会者名单显然是根据美国的“自由标准”制定,但问题在于:为什么美国认为自己可以垄断对民主的定义和理解,并告诉其他国家民主应该是什么样?新加坡《海峡时报》刊文指出,美国必须意识到,其民主体制已失去昔日光彩,不再是黄金标准。民主没有固定模式,美国对民主定义不再有绝对发言权,这是不争的事实。美国应务实地重新评估其外交方式,注重合作而不是对抗。

 

To brand oneself as democracy while others as autocracies is in itself an act contrary to democracy. The so-called “democracy versus authoritarianism” narrative does not reflect the realities of today’s world, nor is it in line with the trend of the times. “Belarus 1”, a state television station of Belarus, commented that the list of participants to the summit was clearly based on the US standard of “freedom”, but the question was how could the US believe that it could monopolize the definition and interpretation of democracy, and tell others what democracy should look like. Singapore’s Straits Times carried a column that said the US must realize that American democracy has lost its former luster, and is no longer the gold standard. There is no fixed model of democracy, and the US no longer has an absolute say over what democracy means. That is the truth. The US should pragmatically reassess its diplomatic methods and focus on cooperation instead of confrontation.

 

尽管美国民主在国内外的得分都处于历史低点,但美国对外输出美式民主和价值观的冲动却高烧不退,甚至走火入魔。美国不仅拼凑“三边安全伙伴关系”“四边机制”“五眼联盟”等各种价值观同盟,还试图在经贸科技人文等领域以意识形态划线,鼓吹冷战思维,干扰破坏正常国际合作。卡塔尔半岛电视台评称,在人们对美国民主制度的信任出现倒退之际,美国仍坚持举办民主峰会、充当全球民主领袖,引起普遍质疑。美利坚大学国际关系教授詹姆斯·戈德盖尔说,美国已失去信誉,美国政府应举行一次国内民主峰会,聚焦美国国内的不公正和不平等,包括投票权和虚假信息等问题。大西洋理事会高级研究员艾玛·阿什福德指出,如果美国国内几乎没有正常运转的民主制度,它怎么能传播民主或为其他国家树立榜样?《南华早报》指出,峰会反映出美国在民主问题上的两条迷思:一是全球民主在冷战结束后发生倒退,需要美国来改变现状;二是美国是世界上最重要的民主国家,其全球领导力对其他国家至关重要。这完全无视美国自身民主不断倒退的事实,也无视绝大多数国家不愿被美国虚伪“民主理念”绑架的心声,更无视广大发展中国家发展经济和改善民生的强烈愿望。

 

Despite unprecedentedly low ratings of US democracy at home and abroad, the country’s hysteria to export US-style democracy and values continues unabated. The US has not only cobbled together values-based alliances such as AUKUS, the Quad and the Five Eyes, but also attempted to disrupt and undermine normal international cooperation in economy, trade, science, technology, culture and people-to-people exchanges by drawing ideological lines and trumpeting the Cold War mentality. Al Jazeera observed that the US insistence on holding a democracy summit and acting as a global democratic leader even when trust in its own democratic system is declining has raised widespread suspicion. James Goldgeier, professor of international relations at American University, said the US has lost its credibility, and that its administration should hold a domestic democracy summit to focus on injustice and inequality, including issues such as voting rights and disinformation. Emma Ashford, senior fellow at the Atlantic Council, questioned how can the US spread democracy or act as an example for others if it barely has a functioning democracy at home. The South China Morning Post pointed out that the summit reflected two myths about US democracy: First, global advance of democracy since the end of the Cold War is backsliding and it needs the US to reverse it; second, the US is the most important democracy in the world and its global leadership is paramount for other countries. These two myths completely ignore the democratic backsliding in the US, the rejection of the overwhelming majority of countries to being kidnapped by the hypocritical “concept of democracy” of the US, and the strong desire of developing countries to grow their economies and raise living standards.

 

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 最后更新:2023-3-21
  • 版权声明 本文源自 外交部sisu04 整理 发表于 2023年3月20日 18:53:34