关于全球治理变革和建设的中国方案文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
Proposal of the People’s Republic of China on the Reform and Development of Global Governance文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
当前，世界之变、时代之变、历史之变正以前所未有的方式展开，和平赤字、发展赤字、安全赤字、治理赤字不断加重，人类前途命运再次来到何去何从的十字路口。同时，世界多极化、经济全球化持续演进，和平、发展、合作、共赢的时代潮流不可阻挡，讲团结、促合作、求进步仍然是人心所向。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
Today, changes in the world, in our times and in history are unfolding in ways like never before. The deficits in peace, development, security and governance are growing. Humanity is once again at a crossroads, and facing a consequential choice on its future. Meanwhile, world multi-polarity and economic globalization keep evolving. Peace, development and win-win cooperation are the unstoppable trends of the times. Solidarity, cooperation and progress remain the aspiration of people around the world.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
今年是习近平主席提出构建人类命运共同体理念十周年。面对世界百年未有之大变局，习近平主席立足中国，胸怀世界，创造性提出构建人类命运共同体理念，为世界未来发展指明方向，为应对共同挑战提供方案。十年来，构建人类命运共同体从理念转化为行动，从愿景转变为现实。中国呼吁国际社会践行真正的多边主义，维护以联合国为核心的国际体系，支持联合国在国际事务中发挥核心作用，推动全球治理体系发展完善，共同构建人类命运共同体。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
This year marks the 10th anniversary of President Xi Jinping’s proposal on building a community with a shared future for mankind. Facing global changes unseen in a century, and keeping in mind both China’s realities and global developments, President Xi Jinping has creatively put forth the vision of building a community with a shared future for mankind. This proposal has pointed the way forward for the future development of the world and provided a solution for common challenges. Over the past decade, the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind has grown from an idea to action and a vision to reality. China calls on the international community to act on true multilateralism, uphold the international system with the United Nations at its core, support the U.N. in playing a central role in international affairs, further develop and improve the global governance system, and jointly build a community with a shared future for mankind.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/14820.html
一、加强全球安全治理，维护世界和平稳定
I. Enhancing global security governance and safeguarding world peace and stability
安全是人类最基本需求，也是最重要的国际公共产品。当前，热点问题频发，地缘冲突加剧，单边霸凌肆虐，国际社会需要和平而非战争、信任而非猜疑、团结而非分裂、合作而非对抗。中国欢迎联合国秘书长古特雷斯提出“新和平纲领”，愿同各方就此深入沟通，凝聚共识。
Security is humanity’s most basic need and the most important global public good. As the world faces frequently emerging hotspot issues, rising geopolitical conflicts, and rampant unilateral and bullying practices, the international community needs peace, trust, solidarity and cooperation, rather than war, suspicion, division or confrontation. China welcomes the New Agenda for Peace presented by Secretary General António Guterres, and is ready to have further discussions and build consensus with all parties.
习近平主席提出全球安全倡议，倡导坚持共同、综合、合作、可持续的安全观，坚持尊重各国主权、领土完整，坚持遵守联合国宪章宗旨和原则，坚持重视各国合理安全关切，坚持通过对话协商以和平方式解决国家间的分歧与争端，坚持统筹维护传统领域和非传统领域安全，共同构建人类安全共同体。
President Xi Jinping has put forward the Global Security Initiative (GSI). It advocates a commitment to the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security; a commitment to respecting the sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries; a commitment to abiding by the purposes and principles of the U.N. Charter; a commitment to taking the legitimate security concerns of all countries seriously; a commitment to peacefully resolving differences and disputes between countries through dialogue and consultation; and a commitment to maintaining security in both traditional and non-traditional domains, with a view to jointly promoting a global community of security for all.
中国坚定支持政治解决乌克兰危机。各国主权、领土完整都应得到维护，联合国宪章宗旨和原则都应得到遵守，各方合理安全关切都应得到重视，一切有利于和平解决危机的努力都应得到支持。危机根源在于欧洲安全治理出了问题，只有当事方正视问题症结，停止转移矛盾，通过积累互信、兼顾彼此合理安全关切，才能逐步为止战和谈创造条件。冲突战争没有赢家，制裁打压、火上浇油只会激化局势。必须坚持相互尊重，摒弃冷战思维，不搞团团伙伙，放弃阵营对抗，推动构建均衡、有效、可持续的欧洲安全架构。
China firmly supports a political settlement of the Ukraine crisis. The sovereignty and territorial integrity of all countries should be upheld, the purposes and principles of the U.N. Charter observed, and the legitimate security concerns of all sides taken seriously. All efforts conducive to a peaceful settlement of the crisis should be supported. The root cause of the crisis lies in the problem of security governance in Europe. Parties concerned must face the crux of the issue squarely, stop shifting problems, build mutual trust and accommodate each other’s legitimate security concerns, so as to gradually create conditions for ceasefire and peace talks. No one gains from conflicts and wars. Imposing sanctions, exerting pressure, or adding fuel to the fire will only escalate the situation. It is important to maintain mutual respect, abandon the Cold War mentality, stop ganging up to stoke camp-based confrontation, and work to build a balanced, effective and sustainable European security architecture.
中国主张维护朝鲜半岛和平稳定，实现半岛无核化、建立半岛和平机制，通过对话协商解决问题，均衡解决各方合理关切。当前形势下，有关方应保持冷静克制，努力推动局势缓和，为重启对话付出努力和创造条件，而不是执迷于制裁施压，激化矛盾，加剧紧张。中国一直积极劝和促谈，愿同国际社会一道，按照“双轨并进”思路和分阶段、同步走原则，为推动半岛问题政治解决进程发挥建设性作用。
China maintains that it is important to preserve peace and stability on the Korean Peninsula, achieve denuclearization and establish a peace mechanism on the Peninsula. The issue needs to be resolved through dialogue and consultation, and the legitimate concerns of all sides addressed in a balanced manner. Given the current situation, parties concerned need to remain calm and restrained, work to ease the situation and make efforts to create conditions for the resumption of dialogue, rather than insisting on sanctions and pressuring, which would only aggravate problems and escalate tensions. China has been actively promoting peace and talks, and will continue to work with the international community to follow the dual-track approach and take phased and synchronized steps, and to play a constructive role in the political settlement of the Peninsula issue.
中国呼吁国际社会尊重阿富汗独立、主权、领土完整，坚持“阿人主导、阿人所有”原则，并在此基础上同阿保持接触对话，持续向阿提供人道和发展援助，支持阿融入地区互联互通和经济一体化进程，增强自主和可持续发展能力，正面引导和推动阿富汗包容建政、稳健施政、坚决反恐、对外友好。有关国家应切实从阿富汗变局中汲取教训，放弃在反恐问题上搞“双重标准”，无条件归还阿海外资产，解除对阿单边制裁，以实际行动履行对阿重建发展的责任。
China calls on the international community to respect the independence, sovereignty and territorial integrity of Afghanistan, follow the “Afghan-led, Afghan-owned” principle, and maintain engagement and dialogue with Afghanistan on that basis. The international community needs to continue its humanitarian and development assistance for Afghanistan, support Afghanistan in integrating into the connectivity and economic integration process in the region to enhance its capability for independent and sustainable development, and encourage Afghanistan to put in place an inclusive political framework, adopt moderate policies, combat terrorism and develop friendly external relations. Certain country needs to draw lessons from what happened in Afghanistan, abandon double standard on combating terrorism, unconditionally return to Afghanistan its overseas assets, lift unilateral sanctions on Afghanistan, and take concrete actions to fulfill responsibilities to the reconstruction and development of Afghanistan.
中国坚定支持巴勒斯坦人民恢复民族合法权利的正义事业。解决巴勒斯坦问题的根本出路在于建立以1967年边界为基础、以东耶路撒冷为首都、享有完全主权的独立的巴勒斯坦国。国际社会应该加大对巴勒斯坦发展援助和人道主义帮扶,保障巴勒斯坦经济民生需求。要坚持和谈正确方向，尊重耶路撒冷宗教圣地历史上形成的现状，摒弃过激和挑衅言行，推动召开更大规模、更具权威、更有影响的国际和平会议，为重启和谈创造条件，为帮助巴勒斯坦和以色列两国和平共处作出切实努力。中方愿为巴方实现内部和解、推动和谈发挥积极作用。
China firmly supports the Palestinian people’s just cause of restoring their legitimate national rights. The fundamental solution to the Palestinian question is to establish an independent state of Palestine that enjoys full sovereignty on the basis of the 1967 border and with east Jerusalem as its capital. The international community needs to step up development assistance and humanitarian aid to Palestine, and help meet Palestine’s economic and livelihood needs. It is important to keep to the right direction of peace talks, respect the historical status quo of the holy sites in Jerusalem, refrain from making radical and provocative comments and moves, promote the hosting of an international peace conference with wider participation, higher authority and greater influence, create conditions for the resumption of peace talks, and make concrete efforts to help the two states of Palestine and Israel to coexist peacefully. China will play an active role in facilitating Palestine’s internal reconciliation and peace talks.
中国主张政治解决伊朗核、叙利亚、苏丹、利比亚、也门等地区热点问题，支持中东地区国家独立自主探索发展道路，团结协作解决地区安全问题，维护地区长治久安。中国支持非洲国家以非洲方式解决非洲问题，推动非洲大陆恢复和平稳定，支持非洲国家和人民自主选择的现代化道路。支持非洲在国际事务中以一个声音说话，不断提升国际地位。中国将同非方深化团结协作，共同落实“支持非洲工业化倡议”、“中国助力非洲农业现代化计划”和“中非人才培养合作计划”，助力非洲一体化和现代化事业步入快车道。中国坚决反对个别国家对他国滥用单边制裁和“长臂管辖”，为发展中国家发展经济和改善民生创造条件。
China believes that regional hotspots such as the Iranian nuclear issue and the issues of Syria, Sudan, Libya and Yemen need to be resolved through political means. China supports Middle East countries in independently exploring development paths, resolving regional security issues through solidarity and coordination, and maintaining lasting peace and security in the region. China supports African countries in solving African issues in the African way to restore peace and stability on the African continent, supports African countries and people in independently choosing their paths to modernization, and supports Africa in speaking with one voice on international affairs and continuously elevating its international standing. China will enhance solidarity and coordination with the African side, and jointly implement the Initiative on Supporting Africa’s Industrialization, the Plan for China Supporting Africa’s Agricultural Modernization and the Plan for China-Africa Cooperation on Talent Development, to help Africa bring its integration and modernization onto a fast track. China firmly opposes certain country’s wanton use of unilateral sanctions and long-arm jurisdiction, and believes that conditions should be created for the developing countries to grow their economy and improve the people’s well-being.
中国强烈谴责一切形式的恐怖主义和极端主义，反对将恐怖主义、极端主义与特定国家、民族、宗教挂钩，反对在反恐问题上采取“双重标准”，反对将反恐问题政治化、工具化。反恐应坚持综合施策、标本兼治，从源头消除恐怖主义滋生土壤。中国支持联合国发挥中心协调作用，帮助发展中国家提升反恐能力建设，推动国际反恐形成更大合力，并着力应对新兴技术带来的挑战。
China strongly condemns all forms of terrorism and extremism. China opposes associating terrorism and extremism with any particular country, ethnic group or religion, opposes double standard on counter-terrorism, and opposes politicizing or instrumentalizing the issue of counter-terrorism. It is important to take a holistic approach and address both the symptoms and root causes in fighting terrorism, so as to eradicate the breeding ground of terrorism at the source. China supports the U.N. in playing a central and coordinating role to help developing countries build capacity for fighting terrorism, form greater synergy worldwide against terrorism, and address the challenges brought by emerging technologies.
核武器用不得、核战争打不得，国际社会应共同反对使用或威胁使用核武器。中国支持在五核国领导人关于防止核战争的联合声明基础上，为减少战略风险进一步作出努力。应遵循“维护全球战略稳定”和“各国安全不受减损”原则循序渐进推进核裁军，拥有最大核武库的国家应切实履行核裁军特殊、优先责任，继续有效执行《新削减战略武器条约》，以可核查、不可逆和有法律约束力的方式进一步大幅、实质削减核武库，为最终实现全面、彻底核裁军创造条件。《不扩散核武器条约》是国际核裁军与核不扩散体系的基石，是战后国际安全体系的重要组成部分，对促进世界和平与发展的作用不可替代。国际社会应平衡推进条约三大支柱，共同维护条约权威性、有效性和普遍性。
Nuclear weapons must not be used and nuclear wars must never be fought. The international community should jointly oppose the threat or use of nuclear weapons. China supports greater efforts to reduce strategic risks based on the joint statement by the leaders of the five nuclear-weapon states on preventing nuclear war. Nuclear disarmament should be advanced in a step-by-step manner under the principles of “maintaining global strategic stability” and “undiminished security for all.” Countries with the largest nuclear arsenals should earnestly fulfill their special and primary responsibilities in nuclear disarmament, continue to effectively implement the New START Treaty, and make further substantial and substantive cuts to their nuclear arsenals in a verifiable, irreversible and legally binding manner, so as to create conditions for achieving the ultimate goal of general and complete nuclear disarmament. The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT) is the bedrock of international nuclear disarmament and non-proliferation regime, and an important part of the post-war international security system. It plays an irreplaceable role in promoting world peace and development. The international community should advance the three pillars of the NPT in a balanced way and jointly safeguard the treaty’s authority, effectiveness and universality.
中国高度重视核安全，提出“理性、协调、并进”的核安全观，努力打造全球核安全命运共同体。核安全是核能发展和核技术应用的生命线，核能和平利用不能以牺牲自然环境和人类健康为代价。日本政府应全面回应国际社会对福岛核污染水排海问题的重大关切，履行应尽的道义责任和国际法义务，停止核污染水排海行动，以真诚态度同周边邻国充分沟通，接受严格国际监督，确保核污染水以科学、安全、透明的方式得到处置。
China pays great attention to nuclear security. It has proposed a rational, coordinated, and balanced approach to nuclear security and worked actively for a global community of shared future on nuclear security. Nuclear security is a lifeline in the development of nuclear energy and application of nuclear technology. Peaceful uses of nuclear energy should not be pursued at the expense of the environment and human health. The Japanese government should respond fully to the international community’s major concerns on the discharge of nuclear-contaminated water from Fukushima, shoulder its moral responsibilities and obligations under international law, and stop discharging the nuclear-contaminated water. The Japanese government needs to show sincerity and have full communication with neighboring countries, accept strict international oversight, and ensure that the contaminated water is disposed of in a science-based, safe and transparent manner.
中国致力于维护《禁止化学武器公约》权威性和有效性，实现无化武世界的目标，敦促日本加快日遗化武销毁进程，坚持以《禁止化学武器公约》为准绳妥善处理化武热点问题，反对政治化，积极推动化学领域和平利用国际合作。
China is committed to upholding the authority and effectiveness of the Convention on the Prohibition of the Development, Production, Stockpiling and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their Destruction (CWC) and to achieving the goal of a world free of chemical weapons. China urges Japan to speed up the destruction of abandoned chemical weapons in China. China upholds the CWC as a guideline for properly settling hotspot issues concerning chemical weapons, opposes politicization, and promotes international cooperation on peaceful uses of chemistry.
