中华人民共和国2023年国民经济和社会发展统计公报文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
Statistical Communiqué of the People’s Republic of China on the 2023 National Economic and Social Development文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
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国家统计局文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
National Bureau of Statistics of China文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
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2024年2月29日文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
February 29, 2024文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
2023年是全面贯彻党的二十大精神的开局之年，是三年新冠疫情防控转段后经济恢复发展的一年。面对复杂严峻的国际环境和艰巨繁重的国内改革发展稳定任务，在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，各地区各部门坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导，全面贯彻落实党的二十大和二十届二中全会精神，按照党中央、国务院决策部署，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，完整、准确、全面贯彻新发展理念，加快构建新发展格局，着力推动高质量发展，全面深化改革开放，加大宏观调控力度，着力扩大内需、优化结构、提振信心、防范化解风险，国民经济回升向好，高质量发展扎实推进，现代化产业体系建设取得重要进展，科技创新实现新的突破，改革开放向纵深推进，安全发展基础巩固夯实，民生保障有力有效，社会大局和谐稳定，全面建设社会主义现代化国家迈出坚实步伐。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/15240.html
The year 2023 is the first year to fully implement the guiding principles of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC) and a year for economic recovery and development following three years of COVID-19 prevention and control. Faced with complex and grave international environment as well as arduous tasks to advance reform, promote development and maintain stability at home, under the strong leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core, all regions and departments took Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as the guideline, fully implemented the guiding principles of the 20th CPC National Congress and the Second Plenary Session of the 20th CPC Central Committee, followed the decisions and arrangements made by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council, adhered to the general working guideline of making progress while maintaining stability, fully and faithfully applied the new development philosophy on all fronts, accelerated efforts to foster a new pattern of development, strove to promote high-quality development, comprehensively deepened reform and opening up, strengthened macro control, and redoubled efforts to expand domestic demand, optimize structure, boost confidence and prevent and defuse risks. As a result, the national economy witnessed the momentum of recovery. The high-quality development was pursued with solid steps, important advancement was achieved in the building of a modern industrial system, new breakthroughs were made in scientific and technological innovation, reform and opening-up was deepened, the foundation for security and development was consolidated, people’s wellbeing was strongly and effectively guaranteed, social harmony and stability was achieved, and solid strides were taken in building a modern socialist country in all respects.
一、综合
I. General Outlook
初步核算，全年国内生产总值[2]1260582亿元，比上年增长5.2%。其中，第一产业增加值89755亿元，比上年增长4.1%；第二产业增加值482589亿元，增长4.7%；第三产业增加值688238亿元，增长5.8%。第一产业增加值占国内生产总值比重为7.1%，第二产业增加值比重为38.3%，第三产业增加值比重为54.6%。最终消费支出拉动国内生产总值增长4.3个百分点，资本形成总额拉动国内生产总值增长1.5个百分点，货物和服务净出口向下拉动国内生产总值0.6个百分点。分季度看，一季度国内生产总值同比增长4.5%，二季度增长6.3%，三季度增长4.9%，四季度增长5.2%。全年人均国内生产总值89358元，比上年增长5.4%。国民总收入[3]1251297亿元，比上年增长5.6%。全员劳动生产率[4]为161615元/人，比上年提高5.7%。
According to preliminary estimation, the gross domestic product (GDP) [2] in 2023 was 126,058.2 billion yuan, up by 5.2 percent over the previous year. Of this total, the value added of the primary industry was 8,975.5 billion yuan, up by 4.1 percent over the previous year, that of the secondary industry was 48,258.9 billion yuan, up by 4.7 percent, and that of the tertiary industry was 68,823.8 billion yuan, up by 5.8 percent. The value added of the primary industry accounted for 7.1 percent of the GDP; that of the secondary industry accounted for 38.3 percent; and that of the tertiary industry accounted for 54.6 percent. The contribution of the final consumption expenditure to GDP growth rate was up by 4.3 percentage points, that of the gross capital formation to GDP growth rate up by 1.5 percentage points and that of the net exports of goods and services to GDP growth rate down by 0.6 percentage points. By quarter, the GDP for the first quarter went up by 4.5 percent year on year, up by 6.3 percent for the second quarter, 4.9 percent for the third quarter and 5.2 percent for the fourth quarter. The per capita GDP in 2023 was 89,358 yuan, up by 5.4 percent over the previous year. The gross national income[3] in 2023 was 125,129.7 billion yuan, up by 5.6 percent over the previous year. The overall labor productivity[4] was 161,615 yuan per person, up by 5.7 percent over the previous year.
年末全国人口[5]140967万人，比上年末减少208万人，其中城镇常住人口93267万人。全年出生人口902万人，出生率为6.39‰；死亡人口1110万人，死亡率为7.87‰；自然增长率为-1.48‰。
By the end of 2023, the total number of national population[5] reached 1,409.67 million, a decrease of 2.08 million over that at the end of 2022. Of this total, urban permanent residents numbered 932.67 million. There were 9.02 million births in 2023 with a crude birth rate of 6.39 per thousand; and there were 11.10 million deaths with a crude death rate of 7.87 per thousand. The natural growth rate was -1.48 per thousand.
年末全国就业人员74041万人，其中城镇就业人员47032万人，占全国就业人员比重为63.5%。全年城镇新增就业[7]1244万人，比上年多增38万人。全年全国城镇调查失业率平均值为5.2%。年末全国城镇调查失业率为5.1%。全国农民工[8]总量29753万人，比上年增长0.6%。其中，外出农民工17658万人，增长2.7%；本地农民工12095万人，下降2.2%。
At the end of 2023, the number of employed people in China was 740.41 million, and that in urban areas was 470.32 million, accounting for 63.5 percent of the total employed people. The newly increased employed people in urban areas[7] numbered 12.44 million in 2023, 0.38 million more than that of the previous year. The urban surveyed unemployment rate in 2023 averaged 5.2 percent. The urban surveyed unemployment rate at the year-end was 5.1 percent. The total number of migrant workers[8] was 297.53 million, up by 0.6 percent over that of 2022. Specifically, the number of migrant workers who left their hometowns and worked in other places was 176.58 million, up by 2.7 percent, and those who worked in their own localities reached 120.95 million, down by 2.2 percent.
全年居民消费价格比上年上涨0.2%。工业生产者出厂价格下降3.0%。工业生产者购进价格下降3.6%。农产品生产者价格[9]下降2.3%。12月份，70个大中城市中，新建商品住宅销售价格同比上涨的城市个数为20个，持平的为2个，下降的为48个；二手住宅销售价格同比上涨的城市个数为1个，下降的为69个。
The consumer prices in 2023 went up by 0.2 percent over the previous year. The producer prices for industrial products went down by 3.0 percent and the purchasing prices for industrial producers down by 3.6 percent. The producer prices for farm products[9] dropped by 2.3 percent. In December, out of the 70 large and medium-sized cities, 20 cities experienced a year-on-year rise in sales prices of new commercial residential buildings, 2 cities maintained the same and 48 cities experienced a decline; one city experienced a year-on-year rise in sales prices of second-hand housing, and 69 cities experienced a decline.
年末国家外汇储备32380亿美元，比上年末增加1103亿美元。全年人民币平均汇率为1美元兑7.0467元人民币，比上年贬值4.5%。
At the end of 2023, China’s foreign exchange reserves reached 3,238.0 billion US dollars, an increase of 110.3 billion US dollars compared with that at the end of 2022. The average exchange rate of the year was 7.0467 RMB to 1 USD dollar, depreciated by 4.5 percent over that of 2022.
新动能成长壮大。全年规模以上工业[11]中，装备制造业[12]增加值比上年增长6.8%，占规模以上工业增加值比重为33.6%；高技术制造业[13]增加值增长2.7%，占规模以上工业增加值比重为15.7%。新能源汽车产量944.3万辆，比上年增长30.3%；太阳能电池（光伏电池）产量5.4亿千瓦，增长54.0%；服务机器人产量783.3万套，增长23.3%；3D打印设备产量278.9万台，增长36.2%。规模以上服务业[14]中，战略性新兴服务业[15]企业营业收入比上年增长7.7%。高技术产业投资[16]比上年增长10.3%，制造业技术改造投资[17]增长3.8%。电子商务交易额[18]468273亿元，比上年增长9.4%。网上零售额[19]154264亿元，比上年增长11.0%。全年新设经营主体3273万户，日均新设企业2.7万户。
New growth drivers witnessed robust development. Among the industries above the designated size[11], the value added of the manufacture of equipment[12] was up by 6.8 percent over the previous year, accounting for 33.6 percent of that of all industrial enterprises above the designated size. The value added of the high technology manufacturing industry[13] increased by 2.7 percent, accounting for 15.7 percent of that of all industrial enterprises above the designated size. In 2023, the output of new energy vehicles reached 9.443 million, up by 30.3 percent over the previous year; that of solar cells (photovoltaic cells) was 0.54 billion kilowatts, up by 54.0 percent; that of service robots reached 7.833 million, up by 23.3 percent; and that of 3D printing devices totaled 2.789 million, up by 36.2 percent. Among the service enterprises above the designated size[14], the business revenue of the strategic emerging service industries[15] went up by 7.7 percent compared with the previous year. In 2023, the investment in high technology industries[16] increased by 10.3 percent over the previous year and the investment in technology transformation of manufacturing[17] grew by 3.8 percent. In 2023, the e-commerce transactions[18] reached 46,827.3 billion yuan, up by 9.4 percent over the previous year. The online retail sales[19] in 2023 reached 15,426.4 billion yuan, up by 11.0 percent over the previous year. In 2023, the number of newly established business entities was 32.73 million, with 0.027 million enterprises newly established per day on average.
城乡融合和区域协调发展步伐稳健。年末全国常住人口城镇化率为66.16%，比上年末提高0.94个百分点。分区域看[20]，全年东部地区生产总值652084亿元，比上年增长5.4%；中部地区生产总值269898亿元，增长4.9%；西部地区生产总值269325亿元，增长5.5%；东北地区生产总值59624亿元，增长4.8%。全年京津冀地区生产总值104442亿元，比上年增长5.1%；长江经济带地区生产总值584274亿元，增长5.5%；长江三角洲地区生产总值305045亿元，增长5.7%。粤港澳大湾区建设、黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展等区域重大战略深入推进。
Steady progress was made in the integrated development of urban and rural areas and coordinated regional development. By the end of 2023, the urbanization rate of permanent residents reached 66.16 percent, 0.94 percentage points higher than that at the end of 2022. By region[20], in 2023, the gross domestic product in the eastern areas was 65,208.4 billion yuan, an increase of 5.4 percent over the previous year; the central areas, 26,989.8 billion yuan, up by 4.9 percent; the western areas, 26,932.5 billion yuan, up by 5.5 percent; and the northeastern areas, 5,962.4 billion yuan, up by 4.8 percent. In 2023, the gross domestic product in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region reached 10,444.2 billion yuan, up by 5.1 percent over the previous year; that in the Yangtze River Economic Belt, 58,427.4 billion yuan, up by 5.5 percent; and that in the Yangtze River Delta, 30,504.5 billion yuan, up by 5.7 percent. Major regional strategies such as the construction of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Areas, and the ecological protection and high-quality development of the Yellow River Basin were further advanced.
绿色低碳转型深入推进。全年全国万元国内生产总值二氧化碳排放[21]与上年持平。水电、核电、风电、太阳能发电等清洁能源发电量31906亿千瓦时，比上年增长7.8%。在监测的339个地级及以上城市中，空气质量达标的城市占59.9%，未达标的城市占40.1%。3641个国家地表水考核断面中，水质优良（Ⅰ～Ⅲ类）断面比例为89.4%，Ⅳ类断面比例为8.4%，Ⅴ类断面比例为1.5%，劣Ⅴ类断面比例为0.7%。
Green and low-carbon transformation was further promoted. The national carbon dioxide emissions per 10,000 yuan worth of GDP[21] in 2023 remained the same as that of the previous year. In 2023, the electricity generated by clean energy such as hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and solar power was 3,190.6 billion kilowatts-hours, up by 7.8 percent over the previous year. Of the monitored 339 cities at prefecture level and above, 59.9 percent reached the air quality standard and 40.1 percent failed. Of the 3,641 sections under the national monitoring program for surface water, 89.4 percent were of fairly clean water quality (Grade I to III), 8.4 percent were Grade IV, 1.5 percent were Grade V and 0.7 percent were worse than Grade V national standard.
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