二、2017年工作总体部署
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
Esteemed Deputies,文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
I now wish to discuss with you what the government will do in 2017.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
今年将召开中国共产党第十九次全国代表大会，是党和国家事业发展中具有重大意义的一年。做好政府工作，要在以习近平同志为核心的党中央领导下，高举中国特色社会主义伟大旗帜，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中、六中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神和治国理政新理念新思想新战略，统筹推进“五位一体”总体布局和协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，牢固树立和贯彻落实新发展理念，适应把握引领经济发展新常态，坚持以提高发展质量和效益为中心，坚持宏观政策要稳、产业政策要准、微观政策要活、改革政策要实、社会政策要托底的政策思路，坚持以推进供给侧结构性改革为主线，适度扩大总需求，加强预期引导，深化创新驱动，全面做好稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险各项工作，保持经济平稳健康发展和社会和谐稳定，以优异成绩迎接党的十九大胜利召开。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
This year, the Communist Party of China will hold its 19th National Congress, so it will be a year of great significance for advancing the cause of the Party and our country. To deliver in our work this year, the government will do the following:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
– Follow the leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2017.html
– Hold high the banner of socialism with Chinese characteristics
– Implement fully the guidelines from the 18th National Party Congress and those of the third through sixth plenary sessions of the 18th Party Central Committee
– Take as our guide Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development
– Put into practice the principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major addresses and his new vision, thinking, and strategies for China’s governance
– Promote balanced economic, political, cultural, social, and ecological progress and coordinated implementation of the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy 3
– Remain committed to the underlying principle of making progress while keeping performance stable
– Gain a strong understanding of and put into practice the new development philosophy
– Adapt to, approach in the right way, and steer the new normal in economic development
– Give central importance to improving the quality and returns of development
– Ensure that macro-level policy is consistent, industrial policy is targeted, micro-level policy injects dynamism into the market, reform policy delivers outcomes, and social policy sees basic living needs are met
– Focus on supply-side structural reform
– Expand aggregate demand as appropriate
– Do better in guiding expectations
– Strengthen the role of innovation in driving development
– Maintain stable growth, promote reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks
– Maintain stable and sound economic development as well as social harmony and stability
These efforts should enable us to pave the way for the 19th National Party Congress with outstanding achievements.
综合分析国内外形势，我们要做好应对更加复杂严峻局面的充分准备。世界经济增长低迷态势仍在延续，“逆全球化”思潮和保护主义倾向抬头，主要经济体政策走向及外溢效应变数较大，不稳定不确定因素明显增加。我国发展处在爬坡过坎的关键阶段，经济运行存在不少突出矛盾和问题。困难不容低估，信心不可动摇。我国物质基础雄厚、人力资源充裕、市场规模庞大、产业配套齐全、科技进步加快、基础设施比较完善，经济发展具有良好支撑条件，宏观调控还有不少创新手段和政策储备。我们坚信，有党的坚强领导，坚持党的基本路线，坚定不移走中国特色社会主义道路，依靠人民群众的无穷创造力，万众一心、奋力拼搏，我国发展一定能够创造新的辉煌。
The developments both in and outside of China require that we are ready to face more complicated and graver situations. World economic growth remains sluggish, and both the deglobalization trend and protectionism are growing. There are many uncertainties about the direction of the major economies’ policies and their spillover effects, and the factors that could cause instability and uncertainty are visibly increasing. China is at a crucial and challenging stage in its own development endeavors, and there are many salient challenges and problems in the economy.
The difficulties we face are not to be underestimated, but we must remain confident that they will be overcome. China has a solid material foundation, abundant human resources, a huge market, and a complete system of industries. It is making faster scientific and technological progress, and has a complete range of infrastructure. We have good conditions for sustaining economic development, and many innovative tools and policy options for conducting macroeconomic regulation. We should follow the leadership of the Party, uphold the Party’s fundamental political guidelines, and keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics; we should rely on the inexhaustible creativity of the people, unite as one, and forge ahead. It is our firm belief that by doing this, we will make great new achievements in China’s development.
今年发展的主要预期目标是：国内生产总值增长6.5%左右，在实际工作中争取更好结果；居民消费价格涨幅3%左右；城镇新增就业1100万人以上，城镇登记失业率4.5%以内；进出口回稳向好，国际收支基本平衡；居民收入和经济增长基本同步；单位国内生产总值能耗下降3.4%以上，主要污染物排放量继续下降。
Based on the above considerations, we have set the following key projected targets for development this year:
– GDP growth of around 6.5 percent, or higher if possible in practice
– CPI increase kept at around 3 percent
– Over 11 million new urban jobs, and a registered urban unemployment rate within 4.5 percent
– A steady rise in import and export volumes, and a basic balance in international payments
– Increases in personal income basically in step with economic growth
– A reduction of at least 3.4 percent in energy consumption per unit of GDP, and continued reductions in the release of major pollutants
今年的经济增长预期目标，符合经济规律和客观实际，有利于引导和稳定预期、调整结构，也同全面建成小康社会要求相衔接。稳增长的重要目的是为了保就业、惠民生。今年就业压力加大，要坚持就业优先战略，实施更加积极的就业政策。城镇新增就业预期目标比去年多100万人，突出了更加重视就业的导向。从经济基本面和就业吸纳能力看，这一目标通过努力是能够实现的。
The projected target for this year’s growth is realistic and in keeping with economic principles; it will help steer and steady expectations and make structural adjustments; and it will help achieve the goal of finishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects.
An important reason for stressing the need to maintain stable growth is to ensure employment and improve people’s lives. As employment pressure grows this year, we will continue to give top priority to creating jobs and implement a more proactive employment policy. This year’s target for urban job creation is one million more than last year, underlining the greater importance we are attaching to employment. Considering our sound economic fundamentals and the capacity they bring for job creation, with hard work, this target is attainable.
今年要继续实施积极的财政政策和稳健的货币政策，在区间调控基础上加强定向调控、相机调控，提高预见性、精准性和有效性，注重消费、投资、区域、产业、环保等政策的协调配合，确保经济运行在合理区间。
This year, we will continue to pursue a proactive fiscal policy and a prudent monetary policy. On the basis of conducting range-based regulation, we will focus more on targeted and well-timed regulation and increase the foresight, precision, and effectiveness of our regulation. We will strengthen coordination of consumption, investment, regional, industrial, and environmental protection policies, and ensure the economy performs within an appropriate range.
财政政策要更加积极有效。今年赤字率拟按3%安排，财政赤字2.38万亿元，比去年增加2000亿元。其中，中央财政赤字1.55万亿元，地方财政赤字8300亿元。安排地方专项债券8000亿元，继续发行地方政府置换债券。今年赤字率保持不变，主要是为了进一步减税降费，全年再减少企业税负3500亿元左右、涉企收费约2000亿元，一定要让市场主体有切身感受。财政预算安排要突出重点、有保有压，加大力度补短板、惠民生。对地方一般性转移支付规模增长9.5%，重点增加均衡性转移支付和困难地区财力补助。压缩非重点支出，减少对绩效不高项目的预算安排。各级政府要坚持过紧日子，中央部门要带头，一律按不低于5%的幅度压减一般性支出，决不允许增加“三公”经费，挤出更多资金用于减税降费，坚守节用裕民的正道。
We will pursue a more proactive and effective fiscal policy. This year’s deficit-to-GDP ratio is projected to be 3 percent, with the fiscal deficit set at 2.38 trillion yuan, representing a year-on-year increase of 200 billion yuan. To break this down, the projected deficit of the central government is 1.55 trillion yuan, and the projected deficit of local governments is 830 billion yuan. Local government special bonds to be issued will total 800 billion yuan, and local government bonds will continue to be issued to replace their outstanding debt. The main reason for keeping this year’s deficit-to-GDP ratio unchanged is to allow for further reductions in taxes and fees. Over the course of the year, the tax burden on businesses will be further eased by around 350 billion yuan, and business related fees will be further cut by around 200 billion yuan to benefit market entities.
Government budgets should highlight priorities; spending in some areas should be maintained while in others cuts should be made; and more should be spent to strengthen areas of weakness and improve living standards. General transfer payments to local governments will be increased by 9.5 percent, with the focus on increasing transfer payments for equalizing access to basic public services and stepping up subsidies for regions facing economic difficulties. We will scale down non-priority spending and cut budgets for projects that do not deliver desired outcomes.
Governments at all levels should tighten their belts, and central government departments should take the lead by cutting no less than 5 percent of their general expenditures. No increase in spending on official overseas visits, official vehicles, or official hospitality is permitted; and we will squeeze out more funds to cover cuts in taxes and fees. We will keep government spending low and enrich our people.
货币政策要保持稳健中性。今年广义货币M2和社会融资规模余额预期增长均为12%左右。要综合运用货币政策工具，维护流动性基本稳定，合理引导市场利率水平，疏通传导机制，促进金融资源更多流向实体经济，特别是支持“三农”和小微企业。坚持汇率市场化改革方向，保持人民币在全球货币体系中的稳定地位。
We will continue to pursue a prudent and neutral monetary policy. The M2 money supply and aggregate financing are forecasted to grow by around 12 percent in 2017. We will apply a full range of monetary policy instruments, maintain basic stability in liquidity, see that market interest rates remain at an appropriate level, and improve the transmission mechanism of monetary policy. We will encourage a greater flow of financial resources into the real economy, particularly in support of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers, and small and micro businesses. The RMB exchange rate will be further liberalized, and the currency’s stable position in the global monetary system will be maintained.
做好今年政府工作，要把握好以下几点。一是贯彻稳中求进工作总基调，保持战略定力。稳是大局，要着力稳增长、保就业、防风险，守住金融安全、民生保障、环境保护等方面的底线，确保经济社会大局稳定。在稳的前提下要勇于进取，深入推进改革，加快结构调整，敢于啃“硬骨头”，努力在关键领域取得新进展。二是坚持以推进供给侧结构性改革为主线。必须把改善供给侧结构作为主攻方向，通过简政减税、放宽准入、鼓励创新，持续激发微观主体活力，减少无效低效供给、扩大有效供给，更好适应和引导需求。这是一个化蛹成蝶的转型升级过程，既充满希望又伴随阵痛，既非常紧迫又艰巨复杂。要勇往直前，坚决闯过这个关口。三是适度扩大总需求并提高有效性。我国内需潜力巨大，扩内需既有必要也有可能，关键是找准发力点。要围绕改善民生来扩大消费，着眼补短板、增后劲来增加投资，使扩内需更加有效、更可持续，使供给侧改革和需求侧管理相辅相成、相得益彰。四是依靠创新推动新旧动能转换和结构优化升级。我国发展到现在这个阶段，不靠改革创新没有出路。我们拥有世界上数量最多、素质较高的劳动力，有最大规模的科技和专业技能人才队伍，蕴藏着巨大的创新潜能。要坚持以改革开放为动力、以人力人才资源为支撑，加快创新发展，培育壮大新动能、改造提升传统动能，提高全要素生产率，推动经济保持中高速增长、产业迈向中高端水平。五是着力解决人民群众普遍关心的突出问题。政府的一切工作都是为了人民，要践行以人民为中心的发展思想，把握好我国处于社会主义初级阶段的基本国情。对群众反映强烈、期待迫切的问题，有条件的要抓紧解决，把好事办好；一时难以解决的，要努力创造条件逐步加以解决。我们要咬定青山不放松，持之以恒为群众办实事、解难事，促进社会公平正义，把发展硬道理更多体现在增进人民福祉上。
To deliver a good performance this year, we in government should stick to the following guidelines:
First, we should make progress while maintaining stable performance and keep our strategic focus. Stability is of overriding importance. We should ensure stable growth, maintain employment, and prevent risks. To ensure overall economic and social stability we must not allow the redline to be crossed concerning financial security, people’s wellbeing, or environmental protection. We should, while maintaining stable performance, endeavor to make progress, deepen reforms, accelerate structural adjustments, be prepared to take on some really tough problems, and push to make progress in key areas.
Second, we should focus on supply-side structural reform. We must give priority to improving supply-side structure. We should streamline administration, reduce taxes, further expand market access, and encourage innovation; and we should keep micro entities energized, reduce ineffective supply while expanding effective supply, and better adapt to and guide demand. Like the struggle from chrysalis to butterfly, this process of transformation and upgrading is filled with promise but also accompanied by great pain; it is urgent, formidable, and complicated. We should press forward with courage and get the job done.
Third, we should expand aggregate demand as appropriate and improve its efficacy. China’s potential domestic demand is enormous, and it is both necessary and possible for domestic demand to be expanded. The key is to know where to start. We need to increase consumer spending to improve people’s lives, and boost investment to strengthen areas of weakness and sustain development, so that the expansion of domestic demand becomes more effective and sustainable and supply-side reform and demand-side regulation reinforce each other.
Fourth, we should rely on innovation to replace old growth drivers with new ones and speed up structural improvement and upgrading. Having reached the current stage of development, China can now advance only through reform and innovation. We have the largest quality workforce as well as the largest pool of scientists, engineers, and professionals in the world, and their potential for innovation is truly tremendous. We must continue to draw strength from reform and opening up, fully tap the potential of human resources and human capital, and move more quickly to pursue innovation-driven development. We should foster and develop new growth drivers while transforming and upgrading the traditional growth drivers, and increase total factor productivity. These steps will enable China’s economy to maintain a medium-high rate of growth and China’s industries to move toward the medium-high end.
Fifth, we should solve prominent problems of public concern. All government work is for the people. We should keep in mind the fact that China remains in the primary stage of socialism and pursue a people focused development philosophy. Where conditions permit, we will lose no time in solving problems about which the people have great concern and which demand speedy resolution. When problems cannot be solved for the time being, we will work to resolve them over time. We must make dedicated efforts to deliver services to the people, resolve the difficulties they face, promote social equity and justice, and demonstrate that development does better people’s lives.
