关于《关于新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则》和《中国共产党党内监督条例》的说明文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
Explanation on the Code of Conduct for Intraparty Political Life Under New Circumstances and the Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Internal Oversight文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
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习近平文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
Xi Jinping文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
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受中央政治局委托，现在，我就《关于新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则》和《中国共产党党内监督条例》起草的有关情况向全会作说明。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
As entrusted by the Political Bureau of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China (CPC), I will now introduce to this session the circumstances surrounding the drafting of two important documents: The Code of Conduct for Intraparty Political Life Under New Circumstances; and the Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Internal Oversight.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2077.html
今年2月，中央政治局决定，党的十八届六中全会专题研究全面从严治党问题，制定新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则，修订《中国共产党党内监督条例（试行）》，成立文件起草组，由我担任组长，刘云山、王岐山同志任副组长，有关部门和地方负责同志参加，在中央政治局常委会领导下进行工作。
In February this year, the Political Bureau decided to dedicate the Sixth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee to the issue of comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline. Specifically, this would involve the formulation of a new code to govern political life in the CPC under new circumstances, and the revision of the Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Internal Oversight (Trial Implementation). For this purpose, a drafting group was assembled under the supervision of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau with myself as chief, my colleagues Liu Yunshan and Wang Qishan as deputy chiefs, and including the heads of relevant departments and local Party committees.
一、关于文件稿起草的几点考虑
I. Considerations behind the drafting of the two documents
在开展党的群众路线教育实践活动和“三严三实”专题教育中，不少同志建议结合新的形势，制定一个加强和规范党内政治生活的文件。
As we were carrying out our campaigns to promote and practice the principle of serving and relying on the people and the “Three Stricts and Three Honests,” a number of Party members suggested that a document be formulated to tighten and better regulate political life within the CPC under new circumstances.
2014年1月12日，我在给刘云山、王岐山同志的批示中指出：“1980年制定的《关于党内政治生活的若干准则》，对于当时恢复和健全党内民主、维护党的集中统一、严肃党的纪律、促进党的团结，实现政治上、思想上、组织上、作风上的拨乱反正，实现全党工作中心的转移，发挥了重要历史作用。当前，《准则》对我们严肃和规范党内政治生活、弘扬党的优良传统和作风仍具有重要现实指导意义。”“30多年来，形势任务和党内情况发生了很大变化，党的建设既积累了大量新成果新经验，又面临许多新情况新问题。请你们考虑是否适当时机由中央就新形势下加强和规范党内政治生活作出一个决定，提出新的要求。”
On January 12, 2014, I issued a formal directive to Liu Yunshan and Wang Qishan, in which I made the following comments: “The Code of Conduct for Intraparty Political Life, formulated in 1980, played an important historical role in restoring and bolstering intraparty democracy, preserving the centralized uniformity of the CPC, enforcing Party discipline, enhancing the solidarity of the CPC, setting things right politically, ideologically, organizationally, and in terms of conduct, and shifting the focus of the CPC against the historical backdrop of that time. Today, this code still provides important practical guidance for our efforts to tighten and regulate political life within the CPC and carry forward our Party’s fine traditions and work style.” However, “a great deal has changed over the past 30 years, including not only our situation and tasks but also circumstances within the Party. Despite having yielded a wealth of achievements and experience in Party-building, we have also encountered a host of new situations and problems. Please consider whether the Central Committee should, at an appropriate time, draft a resolution on regulating and improving political life within the Party under new circumstances, to set forth new requirements in this regard.”
《中国共产党党内监督条例（试行）》自2003年12月31日颁布施行以来，对加强党内监督、维护党的团结统一发挥了积极作用。同时，随着形势任务发展变化，条例与新实践新要求不相适应的问题显现出来。形势发展需要我们对条例进行修订，围绕责任设计制度、围绕制度构建体系，强化上级党组织对下级党组织和领导干部的监督，做到责任清晰、主体明确，制度管用、行之有效。
The Regulations of the Communist Party of China on Internal Oversight (Trial Implementation), on the other hand, were first promulgated on December 31, 2003. These regulations have played a positive role in enhancing CPC internal oversight and guaranteeing the solidarity and unity of the Party. However, as circumstances have evolved and our tasks have changed, it has become evident that these regulations are no longer suited to our current initiatives and requirements. Changing circumstances dictate that revisions are needed. This means designing institutions in accordance with responsibilities, developing these institutions into an overall framework, and enhancing the oversight of higher-level Party organizations over lower-level organizations and officials, so as to ensure that responsibilities are clearly defined and designated and institutions are effective and workable.
一段时间以来，围绕制定准则、修订条例，有关方面做了大量工作。2014年，由有关方面同志参加的工作小组就加强党内政治生活问题进行调查研究，形成了初步成果。根据中央纪委五次、六次全会关于健全党内监督制度的要求，中央纪委机关先后召开7次专题会议，研究党内监督条例修订工作。
People charged with the task began preparing for the formulation and revision of these two documents some time ago. In 2014, a task force began to study the question of improving political life within the Party, producing initial results. Meanwhile, pursuant to requirements laid out by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) at its fifth and sixth plenary sessions, CCDI organs convened seven special sessions to discuss the revision of regulations on CPC internal oversight.
这些前期研究形成了一些重要成果，中央政治局综合分析，决定用一次中央全会专题研究这个问题。主要有以下几方面考虑。
These preliminary efforts were highly fruitful. Based on a comprehensive analysis of these results, the Political Bureau decided to dedicate a plenary session of the Central Committee to the topic of comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline. This decision was based on the following considerations.
第一，这是完善“四个全面”战略布局的需要。协调推进“四个全面”战略布局，是党的十八大以来党中央从实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标、实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦的战略高度，统筹国内国际两个大局，把握我国发展新特征确定的治国理政新方略，是新的时代条件下推进改革开放和社会主义现代化建设、坚持和发展中国特色社会主义的战略抉择。
First, this decision was necessitated by the “Four Comprehensives” strategy, a strategy which represents a new approach to national governance adopted by the Central Committee after the Party’s 18th National Congress in 2012. Framed in the overall strategic context of our “Two Centenary Goals” and the Chinese dream of national rejuvenation, this strategy has been developed on the basis of both domestic and international considerations, and in line with the newest trends of China’s development. It is a strategic choice that will facilitate our reform, opening up, socialist modernization, as well as our efforts to uphold and develop Chinese socialism in a new era.
几年来，党的十八届三中、四中、五中全会相继就全面深化改革、全面依法治国、全面建成小康社会进行了专题研究，这次六中全会再以制定修订两个文件稿为重点专题研究全面从严治党，“四个全面”战略布局就都分别通过一次中央全会进行了研究和部署。这是党中央根据“四个全面”战略布局对全会议题的一个整体设计。
The third, fourth, and fifth plenary sessions of the 18th CPC Central Committee have been respectively dedicated to comprehensively deepening reform, comprehensively advancing the rule of law, and comprehensively building a moderately prosperous society. Accordingly, the Central Committee has dedicated its sixth plenary session to the topic of comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline, with a focus on the formulation and revision of these two documents. With this, each “comprehensive” has now been discussed and planned out at its own dedicated plenary session. This represents an overall agenda the CPC Central Committee has set for its plenary sessions in line with the “Four Comprehensives” strategy.
第二，这是深化全面从严治党的需要。全面从严治党是党的十八大以来党中央抓党的建设的鲜明主题。办好中国的事情，关键在党，关键在党要管党、从严治党。新的历史条件下，我们要更好进行具有许多新的历史特点的伟大斗争、推进中国特色社会主义伟大事业，就必须以更大力度推进党的建设新的伟大工程，坚定不移推进全面从严治党，切实把党建设好、管理好，保持党的先进性和纯洁性，增强党的创造力凝聚力战斗力，提高党的领导水平和执政水平，确保党始终成为中国特色社会主义事业的坚强领导核心。
Second, this decision was necessitated by our effort to comprehensively govern the CPC with strict discipline. This has been the key focus of our Party-building initiatives since the 18th National Congress. China’s success hinges on the CPC, and especially on the principle that the CPC should supervise its own conduct and run itself according to a strict code of discipline. As we engage in a great struggle with many new historical features, and strive to advance the great cause of Chinese socialism under new circumstances, it is imperative that we intensify our efforts to promote the grand new undertaking of Party-building and commit to comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline, ensuring that the CPC is developed and managed soundly. This means preserving the CPC’s advanced nature and purity, enhancing its creativity, cohesiveness, and capabilities, improving its capacity to lead and govern, and ensuring that it remains the firm leading core of Chinese socialism.
加强和规范党内政治生活、加强党内监督，都是新形势下加强党的建设十分重要的课题，也是我们推进全面从严治党的重要抓手。我们党抓党的建设，很重要的一条经验就是要不断总结我们党长期以来形成的历史经验和成功做法，并结合新的形势任务和实践要求加以创新。因此，有必要通过六中全会，对近年来特别是党的十八大以来从严治党的理论和实践进行总结，看哪些经过实践检验是好的，必须长期坚持；哪些可以进一步完善并上升为制度规定，以党内法规的形式固化下来；哪些需要结合新的情况继续深化。所以，党中央决定同时制定准则、修订条例，这是着眼于推进全面从严治党、坚持思想建党和制度治党相结合的一个重要安排。
Improving and regulating political life within the CPC, and enhancing CPC internal oversight, constitute important aspects of our Party-building under new circumstances, as well as important means of comprehensively governing the Party. An important lesson that our Party has learned from its Party-building initiatives is that we must always reflect on our past experiences and successful practices, and make innovations thereupon in line with the new situations, tasks, and practical needs before us. Therefore, it is essential that we make use of our time at the sixth plenary session to reflect on our theories and practices with regard to enforcing Party discipline in recent years, especially since the 18th National Congress. We need to look at which theories and practices have been validated and should be continued in the long term. We need to look at which ones can be further improved, elevated as institutions and rules, and codified in the form of Party regulations. And we need to look at which require further development in line with new conditions. The Central Committee’s decision to formulate the code and revise the regulations at the same time represents an important arrangement made with the aims of strictly governing the Party and strengthening the Party ideologically while governing it institutionally.
第三，这是解决党内存在突出矛盾和问题的需要。在长期实践中，党内政治生活状况总体是好的，但一个时期以来，也出现了一些亟待解决的突出矛盾和问题，主要是：在一些党员、干部包括高级干部中，理想信念不坚定、对党不忠诚、纪律松弛、脱离群众、独断专行、弄虚作假、庸懒无为，个人主义、分散主义、自由主义、好人主义、宗派主义、山头主义、拜金主义不同程度存在，形式主义、官僚主义、享乐主义和奢靡之风问题突出，任人唯亲、跑官要官、买官卖官、拉票贿选现象屡禁不止，滥用权力、贪污受贿、腐化堕落、违法乱纪等现象滋生蔓延。特别是高级干部中极少数人政治野心膨胀、权欲熏心，搞阳奉阴违、结党营私、团团伙伙、拉帮结派、谋取权位等政治阴谋活动。这些问题，严重侵蚀党的思想道德基础，严重破坏党的团结和集中统一，严重损害党内政治生态和党的形象，严重影响党和人民事业发展。周永康、薄熙来、郭伯雄、徐才厚、令计划等人严重违纪违法案件，不仅暴露出他们在经济上存在严重问题，而且暴露出他们在政治上也存在严重问题，教训十分深刻。这就使我们认识到，要解决党内存在的一些突出矛盾和问题，必须把党的思想政治建设摆在首位，营造风清气正的政治生态。我说过：“做好各方面工作，必须有一个良好政治生态。政治生态污浊，从政环境就恶劣；政治生态清明，从政环境就优良。政治生态和自然生态一样，稍不注意，就很容易受到污染，一旦出现问题，再想恢复就要付出很大代价。”
Third, this decision was necessitated by pronounced problems within our Party. Generally speaking, the political environment within the CPC has long been sound. However, recently, prominent problems have arisen that must be addressed urgently. These problems are mainly as follows: among some Party members, officials, and even high-ranking officials, there has been a wavering of ideals and beliefs, disloyalty to the Party, failure to observe discipline, estrangement from the people, as well as arbitrariness, falsification, incompetence, inertia, and nonfeasance; there has been varying degrees of individualism, decentralism, liberalism, “nice guy” mentality, sectarianism, “mountain-stronghold” mentality, and money-worshipping; there has been blatant practices of going through the motions, excessive bureaucracy, self-indulgence, pleasure-seeking and extravagance; there has been cronyism, cultivating of connections for promotion, buying and selling of official posts, and rigging of elections by paying for votes, despite repeated attempts to prevent these from happening; and there has been widespread abuse of power, embezzlement and bribery, moral degeneration, and violations of the law and codes of discipline. In particular, due to their growing political ambitions and lust for power, a handful of senior officials have hatched political plots by feigning compliance with policies while acting in opposition to them and forming self-serving cliques in pursuit of power and position. Such misconduct has severely undermined our Party’s political principles and moral foundations, its solidarity, centralism, and unity, its image and internal political environment, and the very cause of our Party and our people. The grave problems exposed by the cases of Zhou Yongkang, Bo Xilai, Guo Boxiong, Xu Caihou, and Ling Jihua were not just financial, but political as well, and they have given us much food for thought. We now realize that in order to resolve outstanding problems within our Party, we must give top priority to fostering political integrity and to creating a clean political environment. As I have said before, “A sound political environment is essential for success in any effort. A dirty political environment indicates a bad environment for governance, while a clean political environment indicates a good environment for governance. Political environments are just like natural environments: they can be polluted as the result of even the slightest negligence, and a high price must be paid if we are to restore them.”
党内监督是党的建设的重要内容，也是全面从严治党的重要保障。长期以来，党中央高度重视党内监督，采取了有力措施，取得了显著成绩。同时，也出现一些突出矛盾和问题，主要是一些地方和部门党的领导弱化、党的建设缺失、全面从严治党不力，一些党员、干部党的观念淡漠、组织涣散、纪律松弛，一些党组织和党员、干部不严格执行党章，漠视政治纪律、无视组织原则。一个时期以来党内发生的种种问题，与管党治党宽松软有密切关系。全面从严治党，必须从根本上解决主体责任缺失、监督责任缺位、管党治党宽松软的问题，把强化党内监督作为党的建设重要基础性工程，使监督的制度优势充分释放出来。
CPC internal oversight represents an important aspect of Party-building, and an important foundation for comprehensively governing the Party with strict discipline. Having long emphasized the importance of CPC internal oversight, the CPC Central Committee has taken effective measures and managed to achieve a great deal in this regard. However, there have also been problems, mainly the following: In some localities and departments, the leadership of the Party has been weakened, Party-building has gone absent, and efforts to govern the Party have been inadequate; there has been apathy towards the principles of the Party, weak organization, and lax discipline among some Party members and officials; and some Party organizations, members, and officials have failed to observe the CPC Constitution and have disregarded the Party’s code of political discipline and organizational principles. The emergence of these problems in recent years is largely attributable to loose, lax, and soft standards in the administration and governance of the Party. In a bid to comprehensively govern the Party with strict discipline, we must fundamentally address the absence of leadership and oversight responsibilities for strict self-governance, and resolve the problem of loose, lax, and soft standards in the administration and governance of the Party. We must identify the strengthening of CPC internal oversight as a foundation initiative for Party-building, and fully exert the institutional advantage of such internal supervision.
党的十八大以来，我们把全面从严治党紧紧抓在手上，采取一系列新的举措加大管党治党力度，坚持正风肃纪、标本兼治，严明政治纪律和政治规矩，坚决遏制腐败蔓延势头，着力构建不敢腐、不能腐、不想腐的体制机制，层层落实全面从严治党主体责任和监督责任，着力解决党内存在的突出问题，党内政治生活出现许多新气象，党内政治生态明显好转，全党全社会高度认同。
Since the 18th National Congress in 2012, we have launched a highly-focused effort to comprehensively govern the Party with strict discipline. Taking a series of new steps to enhance the administration and governance of our Party, we have continued to implement a strict code of discipline and address both the symptoms and root causes of disciplinary problems. We have strictly enforced political discipline and political rules and resolutely curbed the spread of corruption. And we have worked to develop systems to ensure that officials dare not, cannot, and have no desire to commit acts of corruption. We have also worked to ensure that leadership and oversight responsibilities for strict self-governance are properly assumed at all levels of the Party, in a bid to resolve prominent problems within our ranks. As a result of these efforts, we have created new vistas in intraparty political life, seen remarkable improvements in our Party’s political environment, and won the full support of the Party and society.
同时，我们也清醒地看到，虽然党内存在的突出矛盾和问题很多得到了有效解决，但一些问题依然存在，一些问题解决得还不彻底，一些问题还可能再冒出来，必须继续努力，不断从思想上、政治上、组织上、作风上、制度上防范和解决党内存在的突出矛盾和问题。特别是要看到，新的历史条件下，国际国内形势发生了很大变化，我们党面临的执政环境和执政条件发生了很大变化，党面临的“四大考验”、“四种危险”是长期的、复杂的、严峻的。要把党内存在的突出矛盾和问题解决好，要有效化解党面临的重大挑战和危险，很重要的一条就是要完善规范、健全制度，扎紧制度的笼子，既使已经发生的突出矛盾和问题得到更加深入有效的解决，又有效防范新的矛盾和问题滋生蔓延、有效防范已经解决的矛盾和问题反弹复发。
Though many issues within our Party have been resolved, we need to realize that problems still exist. Some problems have yet to be totally resolved, and others could potentially emerge again. We must therefore make a continued effort to prevent and resolve pronounced problems within the Party ideologically, politically, organizationally, institutionally, and in terms of conduct. In particular, against the backdrop of major changes internationally and domestically, the conditions of our Party’s governance have changed remarkably. The “four tests” (long-term governance, reform and opening up, developing the market economy, and responding to the external environment) and “four dangers” (losing drive, incompetence, becoming out of touch with the people, and corruption) that our Party faces are complex, serious, and long-term in nature. If we are to resolve prominent problems within our Party and effectively defuse the major challenges and dangers facing us, it is essential that we improve our regulations and institutions and build a sturdier institutional cage. This way, we will not only provide thorough and effective solutions to existing problems, but also prevent new problems from emerging and spreading and past problems from reoccurring.
总之，面对新的形势和任务，制定一个新形势下党内政治生活的若干准则，修订党内监督条例，时机成熟、条件具备，要求迫切，意义重大。
To sum up, in light of our new circumstances and tasks, we may say that the time is ripe and the conditions are right for the formulation of a new code of conduct for intraparty political life, and for the revision of regulations on CPC internal oversight. This is a highly significant move, one that is urgently needed.
