（二）
II文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
习近平主席指出，构建人类命运共同体，要从伙伴关系、安全格局、经济发展、文明交流、生态建设等方面作出努力，建设持久和平的世界、普遍安全的世界、共同繁荣的世界、开放包容的世界、清洁美丽的世界。这对构建公正、合理的国际人权治理体系具有重要指导意义。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
President Xi Jinping pointed out that in building a community of shared future for mankind, the international community should promote partnership, security, economic development, inter-civilization exchange and ecological progress, and strive for a world of lasting peace, a world of common security for all, a world of common prosperity, an open and inclusive world and a clean and beautiful world. This provides important guidance to the building of a fair and equitable international human rights governance system.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
——主权平等是促进和保护人权的根本。主权平等是当代国际关系最重要的准则，也是国际人权法和联合国人权工作的基本原则。“单丝不成线，独木难成林”。国际人权事务应由各国共同商量，全球人权治理体系要由各国共同建设，人权发展成果要由各国人民共同分享。各方应该始终恪守《联合国宪章》宗旨和原则，坚持国家主权原则，以平等的伙伴姿态开展人权交流与合作。各方都要客观公正看待他国人权事业发展，不能把人权政治化，不能借人权干涉内政，更不能搞政权更迭。事实证明，将自身价值观和人权发展模式强加于人，肆意干涉他国内政甚至发动战争，只会造成混乱，导致打开潘多拉盒式的持久动荡。这样的例子很多。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
– Sovereign equality is the foundation for promoting and protecting human rights. Sovereign equality is the most important norm governing state-to-state relations, and is also a basic principle in international human rights law and UN’s work on human rights. As a Chinese saying goes, a single silk strand does not make a thread and a single tree cannot make a forest. International human rights affairs should be handled through joint consultations by all countries. The global human rights governance system should be jointly developed by all countries. And the achievements of human rights development should be shared by all people around the world. It is important to faithfully observe the purposes and principles of the UN Charter, adhere to the principle of state sovereignty, and carry out human rights exchanges and cooperation as equal partners. We all should take a fair and objective view on other countries’ human rights development. No one should politicize human rights or interfere in other countries’ internal affairs under the pretext of human rights, not to mention attempting at regime change. To impose one’s own values and model of human rights development on others, willfully interfere in others’ internal affairs or even wage wars will only result in chaos and persistent turmoil, just like opening the Pandora box. There are quite many examples.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2102.html
——和平安全是促进和保护人权的前提。安全是最大的人权。战乱、冲突和地区动荡是导致大规模侵犯人权现象的主要根源。叙利亚儿童艾兰在还不懂“人权是什么”时，就已失去生存权，这值得深思。没有和平，何谈人权？没有安全，何谈尊严？没有稳定，何谈自由？各方应止戈化武、讲信修睦，为促进和保护人权提供基本的外部条件。一国人权事业的发展也离不开安全稳定的国内环境。正如同恐怖分子没有善恶之分，违法犯罪分子也没有好坏之别。法律面前人人平等，任何组织和个人犯了法，都应受到应有的处罚，这才符合真正的法治精神。各国依法打击违法犯罪、维护社会治安的努力，应该得到尊重和支持。
– Peace and security are the prerequisites for promoting and protecting human rights. Security is the paramount human right. War, conflict and turbulence in a region are the primary cause of massive violations of human rights. Alan Kurdi (Aylan Kurdi), the little Syrian boy, lost his right to survival even before he could grow old enough to understand what human rights are. This sobering case gives us much food for thought. How could one possibly enjoy human rights, dignity and freedom without first having peace, security and stability? Use of force must give way to a pursuit of peace and harmony to ensure an external environment needed for human rights promotion and protection. Domestic security and stability, too, is indispensable for any country to develop human rights. There are no such things as good criminals and bad criminals, just like no distinction could be drawn between good terrorists and bad terrorists. All are equal before the law. Any organization or individual that has violated the law must be duly punished. This is the only right way to interpret the rule of law. In this connection, the efforts of countries to crack down on criminal offences and maintain public order and security deserve respect and support.
——共同发展是促进和保护人权的关键。“仓廪实而知礼节”，发展是人类社会永恒的主题，也为实现各项人权创造了基本条件。2008年爆发的国际金融危机给全球发展事业带来重创，也为各国人民追求美好生活、维护发展权增添了挑战。各方要以联合国《发展权利宣言》为指引，坚持以“发展为基础”落实2030年议程，促进经济、社会、环境协调发展，确保人人过上有尊严的生活。各国有权平等参与发展进程，各国人民有权公平分享发展成果。国际社会要坚持南北合作主渠道，加大对发展中国家的帮扶力度，优先帮助发展中国家消除饥饿和贫困，实现生存权和发展权，“不让一个人掉队”。
– Development for all is crucial for promoting and protecting human rights. As an old Chinese saying goes, “People begin to pay attention to manners only when they have enough food to eat.” Development, an eternal pursuit of mankind, creates the basic conditions for human rights to be realized. The 2008 financial crisis dealt a heavy blow to global development and added to the challenges of people around the world to pursue a better life and uphold their right to development. We should follow the UN Declaration on the Right to Development, take a development-based approach in implementing the 2030 Agenda, promote coordinated economic, social and environmental development, and deliver a decent life to all. Countries are entitled to participate as equals in development undertakings, and all peoples have the right to a fair share of development benefits. The international community should step up assistance to developing countries through North-South cooperation as the main channel. In rendering such assistance, elimination of hunger and poverty must be prioritized so that people in developing countries can realize their rights to survival and development. We must make sure that no one is left behind.
——包容互鉴是促进和保护人权的动力。“世界上没有两片完全相同的树叶”。社会因包容而丰富，文明因多样而精彩。世界上没有放之四海而皆准的人权发展道路和保障模式。人权事业是各国经济社会发展的重要组成部分，必须根据各国国情和人民需求加以推进。各国人权发展理念和实践的丰富多彩，应该成为国际人权事业欣欣向荣的源泉，而不应成为各方对抗对立的根源。不同国家、文明和族群之间应平等交流，相互借鉴，取长补短，共同进步。各方应尊重他国人民自主选择的人权发展道路，坚持建设性对话，妥善处理人权分歧，共同寻求促进和保护人权的有效途径。
– Inclusiveness and mutual learning are conducive to promoting and protecting human rights. No two tree leaves are exactly the same. Inclusiveness makes a society vibrant, while diversity defines a splendid civilization. There is no one-size-fits-all path or model to develop and protect human rights. As an integral part of any country’s economic and social development, human rights must be advanced in light of specific national circumstances and people’s needs. The varied approaches and practices of different countries in human rights development should serve as a source of strength for human rights development in the world, rather than a cause of confrontation or rivalry. Different countries, civilizations and ethnicities should communicate as equals, learn from and complement each other, and make progress together. We need to respect the path of human rights development chosen by the people themselves, and pursue constructive dialogue to properly handle differences and jointly explore effective ways to promote and protect human rights.
——民主民生是促进和保护人权的抓手。民主和民生是人权的两个方面，如鸟之两翼、车之双轮，都是国际人权事业的重要奋斗目标。经济、社会和文化权利与公民政治权利相互联系，不可分割。各项人权同等重要，不可偏废。各国应根据本国经济社会发展实际和人民需求，平衡推进两类人权，将人权的普遍性和特殊性结合起来，统筹个人权利和集体权利，兼顾权利和义务。
– Democracy and people’s well-being are important means to promote and protect human rights. They are two dimensions of human rights, like the two wings of a bird or two wheels of a vehicle. They both are important goals of international human rights development. Economic, social and cultural rights are connected with and inseparable from civil and political rights. The various human rights are equally important. None should be emphasized at the expense of another. Countries should advance these two main categories of human rights in a balanced way that reflects their social and economic reality and the needs of their people. In this process, due regard should be given to both the universality and particularity of human rights, both individual and collective rights, and both rights and obligations.
