今后一年的主要任务
Major Tasks for This Year文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
2017年，中国共产党将召开具有重大而深远意义的第十九次全国代表大会，这是党和国家政治生活中的头等大事。2017年是全面实施“十三五”规划、全面建成小康社会的重要一年。做好今年人大工作意义重大。全国人大常委会工作的总体要求是：在以习近平同志为核心的党中央坚强领导下，全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中、五中、六中全会精神，以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导，深入学习贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神和治国理政新理念新思想新战略，坚持稳中求进工作总基调，维护宪法法律权威，加强重点领域立法，着力提高立法质量，实行正确监督、有效监督，支持和保障代表依法履职，圆满完成本届全国人大及其常委会各项任务，以优异成绩迎接党的十九大胜利召开。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
In 2017, the Communist Party of China will convene its 19th National Congress, the most important political event of the year for the Party and the country and an event of far-reaching significance. 2017 is also an important year for the implementation of China’s 13th Five-Year Plan and for the country’s advancement toward finishing building a moderately prosperous society in all respects. It is therefore extremely important that the NPC accomplishes all of its work for the year well.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
The overall requirements for the work of the NPC Standing Committee this year are as follows:文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
– Uphold the firm leadership of the Party Central Committee with Comrade Xi Jinping at its core文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/2225.html
– Implement fully the guidelines from the 18th National Party Congress and those of the third through sixth plenary sessions of the 18th Party Central Committee
– Take as our guide Deng Xiaoping Theory, the Theory of Three Represents, and the Scientific Outlook on Development
– Fully grasp and put into practice the principles from General Secretary Xi Jinping’s major addresses and his new vision, thinking, and strategies for the governance of China
– Remain committed to the underlying principle of making progress while keeping performance stable
– Safeguard the authority of the Constitution and other laws
– Strengthen legislation in key areas, with the focus on raising the quality of legislation
– Deliver proper and effective oversight
– Support and ensure deputies’ law-based performance of their duties
– Ensure successful accomplishment of all the work of the current NPC and its Standing Committee
– Greet the convocation of the 19th National Party Congress with great achievements
This year, we will ensure fulfillment of the following tasks.
一、以良法促进发展、保证善治
1. Produce effective legislation to promote development and help ensure good governance
法律是治国之重器，良法是善治之前提。十二届全国人大及其常委会紧紧围绕建设中国特色社会主义法治体系，认真行使国家立法权，坚持立改废释并举，遵循和把握立法规律，不断提高立法工作水平。
The law is of great value to the governance of a country, and good laws are a prerequisite for good governance. With a view toward putting in place a socialist rule of law system with Chinese characteristics, the 12th NPC and its Standing Committee have conscientiously exercised state legislative powers, enacting, revising, repealing, and interpreting laws as necessary. By grasping and following the principles of legislative work, we have been able to continuously improve it.
总结近年来的实践经验，做好人大立法工作要着重把握好以下几点：一是坚持党对立法工作的领导，全面贯彻落实党中央确定的立法工作目标任务，立法中的重要事项和重大问题，由常委会党组及时向党中央请示报告。二是发挥立法的引领和推动作用，坚持法治和改革协同推进，坚持法治和德治协同发力，将社会主义核心价值观融入法治建设，为改革发展稳定提供法治保障。三是发挥人大在立法工作中的主导作用，完善立法体制机制，加强立法工作组织协调，增强立法的及时性、系统性、针对性、有效性。四是深入推进科学立法、民主立法，恪守以民为本、立法为民理念，广泛凝聚立法共识，发挥立法机关在表达、平衡、调整社会利益方面的重要作用。
In reviewing the experience gained in recent years, we have realized that to do our legislative work well we must adhere to the following principles:
First, uphold the Party’s leadership over legislative work. We must work in line with the objectives and tasks set by the Party Central Committee for China’s legislative work. The Leading Party Members’ Group of the Standing Committee must promptly request instructions from and submit reports to the Party Central Committee on major issues and matters in legislation.
Second, allow legislation to play its guiding and driving role. We must remain committed to coordinating the advancement of both rule of law and reform and to ensuring rule of law and rule of virtue work in concert with one another. We must instill core socialist values into the development of the rule of law, and develop the rule of law to provide a guarantee for the country’s reform, development, and stability.
Third, ensure the NPC plays its dominant role in legislative work. We need to improve legislative systems and mechanisms, strengthen organization and coordination in relation to legislative work, and make this work more timely, systematic, targeted, and effective.
Fourth, legislate more effectively and democratically. In line with the idea of putting the people first in legislation and making legislation for them, we must build up broad consensus on legislation and ensure that legislative bodies properly fulfill their important role of voicing, balancing, and adjusting the interests of different sectors of society.
新的一年，常委会要更好坚持上述行之有效的立法工作思路、原则和方式方法，加强重点领域立法，加强涉及改革的法律立改废释工作，着力提高立法质量，确保顺利完成立法工作目标任务。一是贯彻落实党中央关于深化国家监察体制改革的决策部署，将行政监察法修改为国家监察法，为构建集中统一、权威高效的国家监察体系提供法治保障。二是围绕构建发展新体制完善法律制度。在民法总则出台后，加快推进民法典各分编的编纂工作，强化对民事权利的保护，完善平等保护产权等法律制度；落实税收法定原则，制定烟叶税法、船舶吨税法等单行税法；制定电子商务法，修改反不正当竞争法、中小企业促进法、农民专业合作社法、证券法、标准化法等，着力健全现代市场体系。三是加强社会、文化、生态等方面法律制度建设。制定社区矫正法、基本医疗卫生法、公共图书馆法，完善社会治理体制，推进健康中国建设，保障人民文化权益；制定土壤污染防治法，修改水污染防治法，促进生态文明建设；制定核安全法、国家情报法、国际刑事司法协助法，修改测绘法；修改人民法院组织法、人民检察院组织法。四是做好与改革试点授权决定相关的工作。
This coming year, we will better adhere to the above-mentioned ways of thinking, principles, and methods, given their proven effectiveness in our legislative work. We will strengthen both legislation in key areas and work regarding the enactment, revision, abolition, and interpretation of laws related to reform. We will raise the quality of legislation and ensure that the objectives and tasks set for legislative work are met and accomplished.
First, we will carry out the decision and plan of the Party Central Committee on deepening reform of the national supervision system. This means that we will revise the Law on Administrative Supervision to turn it into a national supervision law, so as to provide a legal guarantee for our efforts to put in place a centralized, unified, authoritative, and highly-efficient national supervision system.
Second, we will improve the legal system with a view toward building new systems for development. After issuing the General Provisions of Civil Law, we will step up our work on compiling the individual books of a civil code. We will strengthen protection of civil law rights and improve our system of laws and regulations concerning equal protection of property rights. To ensure law-based taxation, we will formulate laws on specific taxes, such as a tobacco leaf tax law and a tonnage tax law. To improve the modern market system, we will work on establishing an e-commerce law and revising several laws, including the Anti-Unfair Competition Law, the Law on Promoting Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises, the Law on Farmers’ Specialized Cooperatives, the Securities Law, and the Standardization Law.
Third, we will strengthen the development of laws and regulations concerning social, cultural, ecological, and other issues. We will formulate a community correction law, a basic medical and health care law, and a law on public libraries, so as to improve the social governance system, push forward the building of a Healthy China, and guarantee the people’s cultural rights and interests. To promote ecological progress, we will enact a law for the prevention and control of soil pollution and revise the Law on the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution. We will formulate a nuclear safety law, an intelligence law, and a law on international judicial assistance in criminal matters, and revise the Surveying and Mapping Law. We will also revise the Organic Law of the People’s Courts and the Organic Law of the People’s Procuratorates.
Fourth, we will effectively carry out work concerning the authorization of pilot reforms.
二、实行正确监督、有效监督
2. Deliver proper and effective oversight
全国人大及其常委会监督“一府两院”的工作和宪法法律的实施，是人民代表大会制度的内在要求和制度安排，体现了国家一切权力属于人民的宪法原则。十二届全国人大常委会切实把宪法法律赋予的监督权用起来，把实行正确监督、有效监督作为开展监督工作的基本遵循，不断深化对人大监督工作定位和规律的认识。实行正确监督，关键是始终坚持党的领导，坚持全国一盘棋，严格按照法定职权和法定程序进行监督，既敢于监督又善于监督，正确处理监督与支持的关系，促进“一府两院”依法行政、公正司法，形成加强和改进工作的合力。实行有效监督，关键是紧紧围绕党和国家工作大局，坚持问题导向，找准加强监督工作的着力点，完善监督工作方式方法，跟踪问效、一抓到底，推动解决人大代表、人民群众普遍关心的热点难点问题，让人民群众有更多获得感。
Oversight by the NPC and its Standing Committee over the work of the State Council, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, and over the enforcement of the Constitution and other laws, is both an inherent requirement and institutional design of the system of people’s congresses and a practice that embodies the constitutional principle that all state power belongs to the people. The 12th NPC Standing Committee has effectively exercised the power of oversight granted to it by the Constitution and other laws and has adhered to the basic principle that oversight must be proper and effective. Throughout this process, we have developed a deeper understanding of the designed functions of oversight by people’s congresses as well as the principles governing this work.
To exercise proper oversight, it is vital that we consistently uphold leadership by the Party and coordinate our oversight work nationwide. We must exercise oversight in strict accordance with our legally mandated powers and statutory procedures. We must have both the courage and the competence to carry out oversight and properly manage the relationship between oversight and support, so that we can truly help the State Council carry out administration in accordance with the law and help the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate administer justice impartially. This is a way for us to work together with them and help them strengthen and improve their work.
To deliver effective oversight, it is crucial that we keep to a problem-oriented approach and identify the focal points of our oversight work, while keeping in mind the overall work of the Party and the country. We should improve the way we carry out oversight, conducting follow-up oversight to get to the bottom of problems and see real results. This will allow us to work toward resolution of major and difficult issues of common concern to NPC deputies and the general public, and to ensure that the people gain a greater sense of benefit.
新的一年，常委会要牢固树立和贯彻落实新发展理念，坚持以人民为中心的发展思想，加强对有关法律实施情况的监督，加强对“一府两院”工作的监督，促进经济平稳健康发展和社会和谐稳定。一是加强对法律实施情况的监督，检查药品管理法、产品质量法、著作权法、固体废物污染环境防治法、种子法、网络安全法的实施情况。二是加大对预算决算的监督力度，听取审议2016年中央决算报告、审计工作报告、预算执行情况报告、审计查出问题整改情况报告；围绕非税收入规范管理等进行专题调研；研究建立国务院向全国人大常委会报告国有资产管理情况的制度；推进预算联网监督工作。三是围绕全面做好稳增长、促改革、调结构、惠民生、防风险各项工作，听取审议国务院关于计划执行情况、推进供给侧结构性改革加快制造业转型升级工作情况的报告；听取审议国务院关于脱贫攻坚、国家财政教育资金分配和使用、药品管理、文化遗产工作情况的报告；听取审议国务院关于2016年度环境状况和环境保护目标完成情况、草原生态环境保护工作情况的报告；围绕未成年人保护法实施、民族乡经济社会发展、华侨权益保护等进行专题调研。四是围绕促进司法公正，分别听取审议最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于全面深化司法改革情况的报告。五是持续加强宪法实施监督工作，开展国家宪法日活动，依法组织宪法宣誓；加快建立全国统一的备案审查信息化平台，加强备案审查工作。
This coming year, we will keep in mind and put into practice the new development philosophy and adhere to the vision of people-centered development. We will strengthen oversight over the implementation of laws and over the work of the State Council, the Supreme People’s Court, and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate, so that we can help ensure steady and sound economic development as well as social harmony and stability.
First, we will intensify oversight of the implementation of laws. We will inspect compliance with the Pharmaceutical Administration Law, the Product Quality Law, the Copyright Law, the Law on the Prevention and Control of Environmental Pollution Caused by Solid Wastes, the Seed Law, and the Cybersecurity Law.
Second, we will strengthen oversight of government budgets and final accounts. We will hear and deliberate the State Council’s reports on the central government’s final accounts for 2016, on auditing work, on budget implementation, and on the rectification of problems discovered in auditing. We will conduct research on topics such as standardizing non-tax revenue management, and explore ways to put in place a system through which the State Council reports to the NPC Standing Committee on the management of state-owned assets. We will press ahead with the integrated online oversight of budgets.
Third, with a focus on the government’s comprehensive initiatives to ensure steady growth, advance reform, make structural adjustments, improve living standards, and guard against risks, we will hear and deliberate reports of the State Council on the implementation of the plan for national economic and social development and on the work to advance supply-side structural reform and accelerate transformation and upgrading of manufacturing. We will hear and deliberate reports of the State Council on poverty reduction progress, on allocation and utilization of government funds for education, on drug administration, and on protection of cultural heritage. We will hear and deliberate the State Council’s reports on the state of the environment and the fulfillment of environmental protection targets in 2016, and on its work concerning grassland ecological conservation and environmental protection. We will conduct research on the implementation of the Law on the Protection of Minors, on economic and social development in townships where ethnic minorities live, and on protection of the rights and interests of overseas Chinese.
Fourth, with a view to promoting judicial impartiality, we will hear and deliberate reports of the Supreme People’s Court and the Supreme People’s Procuratorate on their work to comprehensively deepen judicial reform.
Fifth, we will make consistent efforts to strengthen oversight over enforcement of the Constitution. We will hold events to mark National Constitution Day and organize in accordance with the law swearing-in ceremonies for pledging allegiance to the Constitution. We will accelerate the building of a nationally unified information platform for recording and reviewing normative documents so as to improve our work in this regard.
