习近平总书记外交思想的指导意义
The significance of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thought on diplomacy文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
习近平总书记外交思想贯穿马克思主义立场、观点、方法，是对新中国建立60多年来外交大政方针和优良传统的继承和发展，也是对过去300多年来西方传统国际关系理论的创新和超越，构成党中央治国理念和执政方略的重要组成部分，是指导新形势下中国外交的行动指南。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thought on diplomacy embodies the Marxist position, viewpoints and approaches. It is a continuation and further development of the major policies and fine traditions of the diplomacy of New China in the past 60-plus years. It has also made innovations on and transcended the traditional Western theories of international relations for the past 300 years. The thought is an essential component of the governing vision and strategy of the CPC central leadership and the guide of action for China’s diplomacy in the new era.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
（一）宽广深邃的历史视野。习近平总书记以历史唯物主义的锐利目光，洞察时代潮流发展方向，高瞻远瞩地指出：中国正在前所未有地走近世界舞台中心，前所未有地接近实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦，前所未有地具有实现这个目标的能力和信心；我国同国际社会的互联互动已变得空前紧密。这些论断为我们分析形势、制定政策提供了科学指导，要求我们树立世界眼光，把握时代脉搏，从中华民族前进的纵坐标和世界力量对比的横坐标认清我国所处的历史方位，既不超越阶段盲目冒进，也不消极等待被动应付，坚持从世情、国情、党情出发，坚持从自身需要和战略目标出发，积极抢抓机遇，妥善化解挑战。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
1. Broad and profound understanding of historical trends 文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3603.html
From the angle of historical materialism and with a deep understanding of the trend of the times, General Secretary Xi Jinping has drawn the visionary conclusions that China has never been so close to the center of the world stage, so close to fulfilling the Chinese dream of national renewal, so confident and able to realize this goal, and so inter-connected with the rest of the international community. These judgments provide effective guidance for analyzing situations and formulating policies. They require us to adopt a global perspective and grasp the underlying trend of the times in order to understand where China stands today in the broader context of the history of the Chinese nation and the shifts of global power. We should neither take rash action nor sit by and be reactive. Rather, we should boldly seize opportunities and rise to challenges to pursue our own needs and strategic objectives in line with the conditions of the Party, the country and the world.
（二）统揽全局的战略思维。习近平总书记以政治家和战略家的开阔视野，观大势、谋大事，亲自运筹外交工作顶层设计和战略谋划，强调中国外交要高举和平、发展、合作、共赢旗帜，统筹国内国际两个大局，统筹发展安全两件大事，牢牢把握坚持和平发展、促进民族复兴这条主线，为和平发展营造更加有利的国际环境，为实现“两个一百年”奋斗目标和中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦提供有力保障。习近平总书记强调要将大国、周边、发展中国家及多边外交等各领域工作密切结合，通盘谋划、统筹协调、整体推进，首先实现了气势恢宏的外交开局，进而拓展为全面均衡的外交布局，使我国在复杂多变的国际格局中始终保持战略主动地位。
2. Big-picture and strategic thinking
With the broad vision of a statesman and strategist, General Secretary Xi Jinping thinks and plans in big-picture terms and has personally presided over the top-level design and strategic planning of China’s diplomatic work. He stresses that China must stay firmly committed to peace, development, cooperation and mutual benefit and that its diplomatic work should take into account both the domestic and international situations and serve the two overarching priorities of development and security. Oriented to the recurring themes of peaceful development and national renewal, China’s foreign policy should help foster a more favorable international environment for China’s peaceful development and provide strong support for the realization of the two “centenary goals” and the Chinese dream of national renewal. General Secretary Xi Jinping calls for integrated planning, coordination and advancement of China’s relations with major countries, neighboring countries, developing countries, and its multilateral diplomacy. Under such an approach, our diplomatic work made an impressive start and moved forward in a comprehensive and balanced way, enhancing China’s strategic position in the complex and volatile international environment.
（三）主动进取的创新精神。习近平总书记以改革者和开拓者的魄力，回应时代呼唤，响应人民诉求，把继承与发展、坚持与创新有机统一起来，在新中国外交理论和实践成果积累的深厚基础上，提出许多前人未曾提出过的新思想，引领中国外交开展许多前人未曾进行过的新实践，使新中国外交优良传统焕发出新的时代光芒，开创了马克思主义中国化的新境界。
3. An enterprising and innovative spirit
With the boldness of a reformer and a trail blazer and responding to the call of the times and the needs of the people, General Secretary Xi Jinping has built on the solid foundation of the diplomatic theories and practices of New China, and put forward a series of new thoughts and practices, enriching China’s fine diplomatic traditions with new progress and opening a new vista for the application of Marxism in China.
（四）勇于担当的大国胸怀。习近平总书记以社会主义大国领导人的气度，指出中国始终是世界和平的建设者、全球发展的贡献者、国际秩序的维护者，强调中国人是讲爱国主义的，同时也是具有国际视野和国际胸怀的；中国将在力所能及范围内积极承担更多国际责任和义务，同世界各国一道维护人类良知和国际公理，在国际和地区事务中主持公道、伸张正义。在习近平总书记外交思想指导下，我们在国际上积极发出中国声音，发挥中国作用，越来越多的中国倡议上升为国际共识，越来越多的中国方案汇聚成国际行动，越来越多的中国机遇为世界各国共享。
4. The dauntless spirit of a major country ready to shoulder its responsibilities
General Secretary Xi Jinping, with the vision befitting a leader of a major socialist country, has underscored China’s role and contribution to world peace and development and to upholding the international order. The Chinese love their country; they also care deeply about world affairs and have a global perspective. We do all we can to assume greater international responsibilities and obligations and work with other countries to uphold what is right and just in regional and international affairs. Guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thought on diplomacy, we have made proactive efforts to communicate China’s views and exert its role in the international arena. A growing number of Chinese initiatives have become international consensus; a growing number of Chinese propositions have been translated into global actions; and a growing number of opportunities generated by China have been shared by other countries around the world.
习近平总书记外交思想的辉煌成就
Great achievements of General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thought on diplomacy
党的十八大以来，在习近平总书记外交思想指引下，中国外交锐意进取、砥砺前行，在世界乱象中维护我国发展的良好外部环境，在国际变局中提升我国国际地位和影响，成功走出一条与历史上传统大国不同、具有中国特色的强国之路，谱写了外交工作新篇章。
Since the 18th National Party Congress, guided by General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thought on diplomacy, China has forged ahead on the diplomatic front. By maintaining a favorable external environment for its development and by gaining greater standing and influence in the ever-changing world, China has blazed its own path to strength and prosperity, a path that has distinctive Chinese features and differs from the one followed by traditional powers in history. This has opened a new chapter in China’s diplomacy.
（一）为构建新型国际关系开展中国实践。我们积极构建健康稳定的大国关系框架。习近平总书记同奥巴马多次会晤，推动中美新型大国关系建设取得重要成果。美国新一届政府就职后，习近平总书记同特朗普总统成功举行海湖庄园和汉堡会晤，明确了新时期中美关系发展方向和原则，实现两国关系平稳过渡。中俄高层交往频密，战略互信不断深化，务实合作取得突破性进展，两国全面战略协作伙伴关系保持高水平运行。中欧共同致力于建设和平、增长、改革、文明四大伙伴关系。我国同金砖国家和发展中大国合作迈上新台阶。
1. Making China’s efforts for forging a new type of international relations
We have been working to establish a framework for sound and stable relations with other major countries. General Secretary Xi Jinping met then President Barack Obama many times to bring about important outcomes in building a new model of major-country relations between China and the United States. Now with a new US administration in office, General Secretary Xi Jinping has had successful meetings with President Donald Trump at Mar-a-Lago and in Hamburg to set out the direction and principles for growing China-US ties in the new era, achieving a stable transition of the bilateral relations. China and Russia have maintained close high-level exchanges, deepened strategic mutual trust and made breakthroughs in practical cooperation, maintaining the strong momentum of the China-Russia comprehensive strategic partnership of coordination. China and the EU have committed themselves to building partnerships for peace, growth, reform and progress of civilizations. Cooperation between China and other BRICS countries and major developing countries has scaled new heights.
开创周边睦邻友好合作新局面。党中央召开新中国成立以来首次周边外交工作座谈会，对周边外交作出顶层设计和全面部署。我国秉持亲诚惠容理念，提出中国—东盟“2+7”合作框架，建立澜沧江—湄公河合作机制，推动中国—东盟关系从“成长期”迈向“成熟期”。我国同所有中亚国家建立战略伙伴关系，与南亚国家合作显著增强。
We opened up new vistas for enhancing friendship and cooperation with our neighbors. The CPC Central Committee held a meeting to make top-level design and all-round planning for neighborhood diplomacy, the first of its kind in the history of New China. In a spirit of amity, sincerity, mutual benefit and inclusiveness, China has proposed a “2+7” framework for its cooperation with ASEAN, established a Lancang-Mekong cooperation mechanism and steered its relations with ASEAN toward greater maturity. China has established strategic partnerships with all Central Asian countries and has notably increased its cooperation with South Asian countries.
推动同发展中国家合作提质升级。习近平总书记提出真实亲诚的对非工作方针和中非“十大合作计划”，把中非合作推向新高度。我国同阿拉伯国家构建战略合作关系，同太平洋建交岛国建立战略伙伴关系，同拉美国家共同打造中拉关系“五位一体”新格局，建立中拉论坛，实现同发展中国家整体合作机制全覆盖。
We upgraded our cooperation with other developing countries. General Secretary Xi Jinping has outlined the principles of sincerity, real results, affinity and good faith in growing relations with Africa and proposed ten plans to boost cooperation with Africa, taking China-Africa cooperation to a new level. With the establishment of a strategic cooperative relationship with Arab states, a strategic partnership with Pacific island countries having diplomatic relations with China, and a five-dimensional relationship with Latin American and Caribbean countries underpinned by the China-CELAC Forum, we have put in place cooperation mechanisms covering all other developing countries.
（二）为推动全球治理体系变革发挥中国作用。在习近平总书记亲自擘画下，我国演绎了参与全球治理的精彩“三部曲”，通过成功举办北京亚太经合组织领导人非正式会议、二十国集团（G20）领导人杭州峰会和习近平总书记今年年初出席世界经济论坛年会并访问联合国日内瓦总部，引领了亚太区域合作、G20转型进程和经济全球化发展方向，为充满不确定性和忧虑情绪的国际社会注入来自中国的强大正能量。我国推动成立亚洲基础设施投资银行、丝路基金、金砖国家新开发银行，积极参与制定海洋、极地、网络、核安全、气候变化等新兴领域治理规则，国际话语权和影响力不断提高。
2. Playing China’s role in advancing the reform of the global governance system
With the personal commitment and guidance of General Secretary Xi Jinping, China has performed a “trilogy” with great success in the course of its participation in global governance. The three milestones are: China’s hosting of the APEC Economic Leaders’ Meeting 2014 in Beijing and the G20 Hangzhou Summit in 2016, and General Secretary Xi Jinping attending the World Economic Forum Annual Meeting and visiting the United Nations Office at Geneva early this year. China has thus played a leading role in the Asia-Pacific cooperation, the G20’s transformation and the course of economic globalization, injecting strong and positive energy into a world beset by uncertainties and anxiety. China has promoted the establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank, the Silk Road Fund and the BRICS New Development Bank, and has taken an active part in the formulation of rules governing such emerging areas as marine and polar affairs, cyberspace, nuclear security and climate change. These efforts have given China a bigger voice and greater influence in the international arena.
（三）为促进世界共同发展作出中国贡献。“一带一路”倡议提出4年来，在各参与方共同努力下，日益成为开放包容的国际合作平台和各方普遍欢迎的全球公共产品。100多个国家和国际组织积极支持参与，一大批有影响力的标志性项目成功落地。我国与许多国家发展战略顺利对接，2014年至2016年，同“一带一路”沿线国家贸易总额超过3万亿美元，对“一带一路”沿线国家投资累计超过500亿美元。今年5月，我国成功举办“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛，140多个国家和80多个国际组织的1600多名代表出席，取得5大类、76大项、270多项合作成果，形成国际社会广泛参与、合力推动“一带一路”建设的磅礴气势。各方盛赞“一带一路”建设为世界经济增长谋求动力，为经济全球化发展提振信心，凸显中国倡议、全球响应、世界共赢的积极成效。
3. Contributing China’s part to development for all
Thanks to the concerted efforts of all participants, the Belt and Road Initiative which was put forward four years ago has evolved into an open and inclusive platform for international cooperation and a warmly-received global public good. More than 100 countries and international organizations have actively supported and taken part in the initiative, and a great number of flagship projects have been launched. Substantial complementarity has been identified between the development strategy of China and those of many other countries. Between 2014 and 2016, total trade between China and other Belt and Road countries exceeded US$3 trillion, and Chinese investment in these countries surpassed US$50 billion. In May this year, China successfully hosted the Belt and Road Forum for International Cooperation, which was attended by over 1,600 delegates representing more than 140 countries and 80 international organizations. The 270-plus deliverables under 76 categories in five key areas have created a strong momentum of broad participation in the Belt and Road Initiative by the international community. The initiative has been widely commended for lending impetus to global growth and boosting confidence in economic globalization. This illustrates how a Chinese initiative, with the support from across the world, can deliver benefits to all.
（四）为解决国际地区热点和全球性问题提出中国方案。我国成功举办中国人民抗日战争暨世界反法西斯战争胜利70周年纪念活动，发出维护第二次世界大战胜利成果、捍卫世界和平的时代强音。坚定致力于政治解决国际和地区热点问题，努力发挥弥合分歧、劝和促谈的建设性作用。坚持朝鲜半岛无核化目标，坚持通过对话谈判解决半岛核问题，提出“双轨并行”思路和“双暂停”倡议，为缓解半岛紧张局势、推动重启接触对话、维护地区和平安宁作出重要贡献。积极参与阿富汗、伊朗核、叙利亚、南苏丹等问题解决进程，同各国合力应对恐怖主义、气候变化、网络安全、难民等全球性挑战，彰显负责任大国形象。
4. Putting forward Chinese proposals on tackling regional and international hotspots and global issues
China’s successful hosting of the events marking the 70th anniversary of the victory of the Chinese People’s War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the World Anti-Fascist War has sent a strong message of upholding the victorious outcomes of the Second World War and safeguarding world peace. Committed to a political settlement of regional and international hotspot issues, China is playing a constructive role in bridging differences and promoting dialogues for peace. Dedicated to achieving denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula, China has put forward a dual-track approach and a suspension-for-suspension proposal to advance the negotiated settlement of the Peninsula nuclear issue through dialogue. These efforts by China have made important contribution to easing tensions on the Peninsula, reviving engagement and dialogue, and maintaining peace and stability in the region. We have taken an active part in seeking solution to issues as diverse as Afghanistan, the Iranian nuclear issue, Syria and South Sudan and worked with other countries to tackle global challenges such as terrorism, climate change, cyber security and refugees. By so doing, China has demonstrated its sense of responsibility as a major country.
（五）为维护我国利益和各国共同利益展现中国担当。习近平总书记指出，中国人民不信邪也不怕邪，任何外国不要指望我们会拿自己的核心利益做交易，不要指望我们会吞下损害我国家主权、安全、发展利益的苦果。在党中央领导下，我们对涉及国家主权、安全等核心利益的问题划出红线、亮明底线，在尊重历史事实和国际法的基础上开展了坚定有力的维权斗争。钓鱼岛问题上坚持原则，充分展示中国政府和人民捍卫国家领土主权的决心和意志。有理有据地回击损害中国领土主权和海洋权益的所谓南海仲裁案，坚持通过直接当事方对话谈判解决具体争议，维护了南海局势总体稳定。旗帜鲜明维护一个中国原则，反对制造“两个中国”或“一中一台”图谋，反对外部势力干预港澳事务。扎实开展涉藏、涉疆外交，加强打击“三股势力”国际合作，维护国家安全和统一。积极同国际社会开展反腐败追逃追赃合作，取得重要成果。
5. Showing Chinese resolve in defending its interests and the common interests of all countries
General Secretary Xi Jinping points out that the Chinese people are not to be bullied, nor will we give in to coercion. No country should expect China to trade its core interests away or tolerate any infringement on its sovereignty, security and development interests. Under the leadership of the CPC Central Committee, we have drawn a clear red line on issues concerning national sovereignty, security and other core interests, and have taken firm actions to defend our rights and interests on the basis of respecting historical facts and international law. With regard to the Diaoyu Islands, we have held our ground and fully demonstrated the will and resolve of the Chinese government and people to defend our territorial sovereignty. We have presented our case with sound reasoning and solid evidence against the so-called arbitration case on the South China Sea that undermines China’s territorial sovereignty and maritime rights and interests and adhered to the approach of settling disputes through dialogue and negotiation between parties directly concerned, which has helped to promote general stability in the South China Sea. In an effort to safeguard national security and unity, we have unequivocally upheld the one-China principle, opposed attempts to create “two Chinas” or “one China, one Taiwan”, and fended off foreign interference in the affairs of Hong Kong and Macao. We vigorously conducted Tibet- and Xinjiang-related diplomacy and enhanced international cooperation against terrorism, separatism and extremism. Our cooperation with the international community to repatriate corrupt fugitives and recover proceeds has yielded important results.
我们秉持立己达人、兼善天下的优良传统，率先驰援非洲埃博拉疫区及周边国家，宣布建立10亿美元的中国—联合国和平与发展基金、200亿元人民币的“中国气候变化南南合作基金”，设立“南南合作援助基金”，加入联合国维和待命机制并组建常备成建制维和警队及8000人规模的维和待命部队，推动制定2030年可持续发展议程并率先发布落实2030年可持续发展议程国别方案，为促进世界和平与发展提供更多公共产品。
Following the fine Chinese tradition of helping others to succeed while seeking our own success, we were the first to help the Ebola-infected African countries and their neighbors. Our offers of help also included the establishment of a one-billion-dollar China-UN Peace and Development Fund, a 20-billion-yuan South-South Climate Cooperation Fund, and an Assistance Fund for South-South Cooperation. We joined the UN peacekeeping standby mechanism and formed a peacekeeping police unit and an 8,000-strong standby force for peacekeeping. We advocated the formulation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development and became the first country to release its national plan on implementation. All these are global public goods provided by China to advance world peace and development.
思想引领方向，实干铸就辉煌。外交战线全体同志要深入学习贯彻习近平总书记外交思想，以优异成绩迎接党的十九大胜利召开，奋力开创中国特色大国外交新局面，为实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦、为实现世界持久和平与共同发展作出新的更大贡献。
With our future course clearly charted, we will set all out to attain even greater success. All our comrades in the foreign service must study and implement General Secretary Xi Jinping’s thought on diplomacy in real earnest to greet the successful convocation of the 19th Party Congress with outstanding achievements and open up new prospects for the conduct of major-country diplomacy with distinctive Chinese features. Let us work together to make new and greater contribution to realizing the Chinese dream of national renewal and achieving lasting peace and common development of the world.
文章发表在《学习时报》9月1日头版
(The article was carried on the front page of Study Times on 1 September.)
