七、积极参与全球健康治理和国际医疗援助
VII. Active Participation in Global Health Governance and International Medical Assistance文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
中国是医疗卫生领域国际合作的倡导者、推动者和践行者，始终致力于实现国际人口与发展大会行动纲领，全面落实联合国2030年可持续发展议程特别是健康领域可持续发展目标，积极开展对外医疗援助和全球应急处置，认真履行健康领域国际公约，勇于承担国际人道主义责任。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
China advocates, promotes and carries out international medical and health cooperation. It is firmly committed to realizing the Program of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, and implementing the United Nations 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, especially sustainable development goals relating to health. China actively provides medical aid to other countries, and promptly conducts global emergency responses. It earnestly implements international health conventions and shoulders its international humanitarian responsibilities.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
参与医疗卫生国际规则体系建设。中国较早签署批准《世界卫生组织组织法》，加入《麻醉药品单一公约》《精神药物公约》，参与制定《阿拉木图宣言》等一系列国际条约、宣言，响应《儿童生存、保护和发展世界宣言》。2016年，在第69届世界卫生大会上，中国提出并推动通过“促进创新和获取安全有效可负担的优质儿童药品”决议，得到各方积极回应。文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
Taking part in the formulation of international medical and health rules. China was one of the first countries in the world to sign and approve the Constitution of the World Health Organization. It has joined the Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs and the Convention on Psychotropic Substances. China has participated in the making of a series of international treaties and declarations, including the Declaration of Alma-Ata, and supported the World Declaration on the Survival, Protection and Development of Children. At the 69th World Health Assembly held in 2016, China raised and promoted the adoption of a resolution to “promote innovation and access to quality, safe, efficacious and affordable medicines for children,” getting positive responses from all sides.文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
文章源自英文巴士-https://www.en84.com/3765.html
与世界卫生组织开展深度合作。2016年，在北京签署发布《中国－世界卫生组织国家合作战略（2016－2020）》，确定卫生政策、规划、技术、人力资源等领域的合作。2017年，签署《关于“一带一路”卫生领域合作的谅解备忘录》《关于“一带一路”卫生领域合作的执行计划》，共同致力于与“一带一路”沿线国家在卫生应急、传染病防治、传统医学等领域的合作。
Carrying out in-depth cooperation with the WHO. In 2016, the China-WHO Country Cooperation Strategy (2016-2020) was signed in Beijing, defining cooperation in health policies, planning, technology and human resources. In 2017, the Memorandum of Understanding on the Belt and Road Health Cooperation Mechanism and the Implementation Plan on the Belt and Road Health Cooperation Mechanism were signed to promote cooperation in health emergency response, prevention and treatment of infectious diseases, and traditional medicine between countries along the Belt and Road.
国际医疗卫生交流合作不断扩大。中国与其他国家开展健康领域的经验共享和战略对话，每年举办多个医疗卫生服务领域的国际研讨会。2015年12月，在中非合作论坛约翰内斯堡峰会上宣布中非公共卫生合作计划，包括参与非洲疾控中心建设等重要举措。2016年10月，与埃塞俄比亚等15个亚非国家建立对口医院合作关系。2017年4月，与马拉维等非洲国家签署医药卫生合作协议。从2005年开始，中国已培训数千名来自发展中国家的官员和技术服务人员，推动中国民间组织在津巴布韦、肯尼亚等国家及湄公河地区开展青少年生殖健康和艾滋病预防的教育培训项目。
Extending international medical and health exchanges and cooperation. China conducts health experience sharing and strategic dialogue with other countries. It organizes a number of international medical and health seminars. In December 2015, cooperation plans on public health were announced at the Johannesburg Summit of the Forum on China-Africa Cooperation, including participation in the construction of African Center for Disease Control and Prevention and other major initiatives. In October 2016, China built partnerships with counterpart hospitals in 15 Asian and African countries, including Ethiopia. In April 2017, China signed medical and health cooperation agreements with Malawi and other African countries. Since 2005, China has trained thousands of officials and technical personnel from developing countries, and encouraged its non-governmental organizations to develop education and training projects on adolescent reproductive health and AIDS prevention in Zimbabwe and Kenya, as well as the Greater Mekong Sub-region.
对外医疗卫生援助成绩卓著。1963年以来，中国先后向69个发展中国家派遣了援外医疗队，累计派出医疗队员2.5万人次，治疗患者2.8亿人次。2015年9月，中国在联合国系列峰会上宣布将在未来5年为发展中国家提供100所医院和诊所、实施100个“妇幼健康工程”等重大卫生援助举措。截至2017年6月，中国共有1300多名医疗队员和公共卫生专家在全球51个国家工作，在华培养了2万多名受援国际医疗卫生管理和技术人才，建设了综合医院、专科中心、药品仓库等150多个标志性设施，提供了急救车、诊疗仪器、疫苗冷链等多批医用物资，向非洲捐赠抗疟药品，挽救了4000万人的生命。自2008年起，中国为非洲国家设立了30个疟疾防治中心，提供价值1.9亿元的青蒿素类抗疟药品。
Making outstanding achievements in international medical and health assistance. Since 1963, China has sent teams totaling 25,000 medical workers to 69 developing countries. They have diagnosed and treated a total of 280 million cases. In September 2015, China announced at relevant United Nations summits that it would take major health assistance actions for developing countries in the five years to come, including the construction of 100 hospitals and clinics, and the implementation of 100 “maternal and child health projects.” By June 2017, more than 1,300 medical team members and public health experts from China were working in 51 countries, and over 20,000 health management and technical personnel had been trained in China for the recipient countries. It had built more than 150 facilities, including general hospitals, specialized centers and drug warehouses. China had provided batches of medical supplies to those countries including ambulances, diagnosis and treatment equipment, and vaccine cold chains. In the same period, it donated antimalarial drugs to Africa, saving 40 million lives. Since 2008, China has built 30 malaria prevention and treatment centers in Africa, and provided RMB190 million worth of artemisinin-based antimalarial drugs.
全球应急处置有效开展。中国达到《国际卫生条例》履约标准。积极引领国际应急救援行动，先后加入应对安哥拉、圭亚那的黄热病、寨卡病毒等疫情。2014年，西非暴发埃博拉出血热疫情，中国连续4轮向疫区国家和国际组织提供现汇和物资等援助，共计价值1.2亿美元。派遣1200多名医护人员和公共卫生专家赴疫区及周边国家，累计完成样本检测近9000份、留观诊疗病例900多例、培训1.3万名当地医疗护理和社区防控骨干。2015年，尼泊尔发生8.1级特大地震，中国先后协调安排4支共193人的中国政府医疗防疫队伍赴尼泊尔灾区开展救援，累计救治伤员2600多人次，培训卫生防疫技术骨干1000余人。
Effectively conducting global emergency response. China has met the requirements for implementing the International Health Regulations. It has been playing an active and leading role in international emergency rescue, and has participated in the fight against epidemics, including yellow fever and Zika virus disease in Angola and Guyana. After the outbreak of Ebola in West Africa in 2014, China provided assistance including cash and supplies to epidemic-stricken countries and international organizations on four consecutive occasions, with a total value of US$120 million. More than 1,200 Chinese medical personnel and public-health experts had been sent to epidemic-stricken areas and neighboring countries to complete nearly 9,000 sample tests, observe and treat over 900 cases and train 13,000 local people in medical care and community-based prevention and control. After an 8.1-magnitude earthquake hit Nepal in 2015, the Chinese government sent four medical and epidemic prevention teams with a total of 193 members to the disaster area to help relief efforts. A total of 2,600 cases were treated and more than 1,000 core members of health and epidemic prevention work were trained.
中医药的国际认同度持续提升。中医药已传播到全球183个国家和地区，成为中国与东盟、欧洲、非洲等地区和卫生组织合作的重要内容。“中医针灸”列入联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录，《黄帝内经》《本草纲目》入选世界记忆名录。据世界卫生组织统计，已有103个会员国认可使用针灸，其中29个设立了传统医学的法律法规，18个将针灸纳入医疗保险体系。
International recognition of TCM continuing to grow. Now, 183 countries and regions around the world have access to TCM. TCM has become an important part of China’s cooperation with regions and health organizations in ASEAN, Europe and Africa. TCM acupuncture and moxibustion have been recognized as important parts of the intangible heritage of mankind by UNESCO, and the Chinese medical classics Huangdi Neijing (Inner Canon of the Yellow Emperor) and Bencao Gangmu (Compendium of Materia Medica) have been included in the UNESCO Memory of the World. According to statistics from the WHO, 103 member states have authorized the use of acupuncture and moxibustion, of which 29 have established laws and regulations promoting traditional medicines, and 18 include acupuncture and moxibustion in their medical insurance systems.
